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Red blood cells are red blood cells that transport oxygen to tissues.

Among the many factors that affect the health of a pregnant woman and an unborn baby, the hemoglobin level plays an important role, since it contains red blood cells.

The pathology of pregnancy or internal organs may be indicated by the scarlet color of urine, which occurs due to the fact that an increased number of red blood cells has left the bloodstream into the urine.

The rate of red blood cells in the urine

The presence of erythrocytes in the urine of the expectant mother may indicate the presence of pathological processes in the body, however, the presence of three to five erythrocytes in the analysis may be allowed.

If the number of red blood cells in the urine is significantly higher than the norm, the patient is diagnosed. In this case, the urine becomes scarlet, which may be a symptom of diseases of the urinary system.

The norm of red blood cells in urine during pregnancy should not exceed one red body in the field of view.

The reasons for the appearance of red blood cells in urine

The scarlet color of urine can be caused by the following factors:

Uterine bleeding can also cause an increase in the level of red blood cells in urine. It is rather difficult to identify it immediately, since the color of the urn does not change in this case. The prevailing number of women with uterine erosion also have a high number of red blood cells.

Launched colpitis (inflammation of the vaginal mucosa) can cause red blood cells to enter the urine through the cell membranes.

An increase in the size of the uterus can also provoke the appearance of red blood cells in the urine. This is due to the constant pressure of the enlarged uterus on the urinary organs. As a result of such processes, there is a violation of blood circulation and malfunctioning of the kidneys.

Other natural causes of the presence of red blood cells in urine include hormonal changes during pregnancy. In such a situation, the number of red blood cells in urine is insignificant, so there is no danger to the mother and the unborn child.

Women who are actively involved in sports before pregnancy should give up strength exercises while carrying a baby.

A high concentration of red blood cells in the urine indicates the presence. To get rid of this syndrome in a short time allows balanced diet and correct mode day.

Types of hematuria

The type of hematuria is determined by the cause that led to the development of this syndrome:

Extra-mental: The appearance of blood in the urine is not associated with diseases of the urinary system and injuries.
Renal: Hematuria is caused by kidney disease.
Postrenal: the syndrome occurs as a result of diseases of the urinary tract and Bladder.

Classification of hematuria according to the degree of development of the syndrome:

Terminal: The last urine contains blood.
Initial: Blood is found in the first portion of urine.
Total: urine sample has a scarlet hue.

If the patient's urine is completely red, it is possible to judge the presence of gross hematuria.

Signs by which hematuria is determined

It is quite difficult to determine the presence of microhematuria by any characteristic signs, since most often it is asymptomatic, therefore, in order to prevent pregnant women, it is necessary to take urine for analysis every month. Timely passage of the necessary laboratory tests allows you to identify the presence of the syndrome in the early stages, which greatly simplifies the treatment process.

Discomfort and pain during urination may indicate a pathology of the kidneys or organs of the genitourinary system. Most often, such ailments are accompanied by one-sided low back pain.

A patient with hematuria may have symptoms such as:

violation of appetite;
nausea;
vomit;
deterioration in general health;
headache;
no weight gain during gestation.

The absence of characteristic signs of a high content of red blood cells in the urine significantly complicates the process of identifying the presence of the syndrome in a patient.

Diseases that promote development

Often hematuria becomes a consequence of the development of concomitant infections and inflammation of various organs. human body.

Diseases of the kidneys and urinary system

Inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system often lead to an increase in the level of red blood cells in urine. In the process of carrying a fetus, women may experience an exacerbation of diseases such as (inflammation of the bladder) and (non-specific inflammatory kidney disease of bacterial etiology). The scarlet color of urine may be a symptom of one of these diseases.

Urolithiasis during pregnancy can also cause an increase in the number of red blood cells in urine. This occurs as a result of damage to the mucous membrane and stones. In this case, hematuria is accompanied by severe pain.

Oncological diseases

The color of urine in red may indicate the presence of malignant in a woman's body. The difficulty of diagnosis is that discomfort and pain do not appear immediately. In the presence of oncological diseases the ingress of erythrocytes into urine is due to the destruction of the walls of blood vessels and malfunctions in the functioning of the affected systems of the body.

Other diseases

During pregnancy, the expectant mother may face pathology of the renal vein, which occurs as a result of its compression. The disease often causes red blood cells to enter the urine.

It can also be caused by necrotizing papillitis (ischemic infarction of the renal papilla and adjacent renal medulla). Most often, this disease develops as a result of an exacerbation of pyelonephritis or if a woman has diabetes mellitus.

An increased content of red blood cells in urine can be observed in pregnant women with the following diseases:

The reason for the change in the number of red blood cells in the urine can be various diseases. Only laboratory tests and medical diagnostics can identify the exact cause.

Analyzes for hematuria

If you suspect the presence of hematuria, a woman needs to undergo a urine test. During urine collection, to avoid skewing the results.

Urine collection algorithm:

The examination consists of the following procedures:

examination of the cervix using a gynecological speculum;
microscopic examination of the mucous membrane;
laboratory examination of a smear;
conducting;
Ultrasound of the kidneys;
study of urine, erythrocytes, etc.

Some of the types of diagnostic tests are carried out only after childbirth, as they can harm the health of the unborn baby. These include:

thyroid scan;
excretory.

The results of the examination allow the doctor to establish the exact cause of the content of red blood cells in the urine of the expectant mother and prescribe appropriate treatment. Regular laboratory tests help prevent pregnancy pathologies, miscarriages and diseases of the urinary system.

Pathology treatment

Hematuria requires treatment regardless of the duration of pregnancy and the reasons for the development of the syndrome. Insofar as high level the content of red blood cells in urine signals the presence of pathology, the main goal of treatment is to eliminate it.

After passing diagnostics and laboratory tests, the doctor determines the method of treatment and prescribes the necessary medications for the patient. Taking medications on your own can lead to serious consequences, including the loss of a child.

To increase the effectiveness of the drugs taken, the expectant mother is recommended to pay special attention to the correct diet. It is necessary to minimize the consumption of too fatty, spicy, salty and sweet foods.

You also need to follow the correct daily regimen, give up heavy physical activity and monitor the quality and quantity of sleep. During pregnancy, it is recommended to spend a lot of time outdoors, avoid stressful situations and overvoltage.

After the first trimester, pregnant women should regularly take the knee-elbow position. The benefit of this exercise is to restore blood circulation to the pelvic organs, the load on which increases significantly during the period of gestation.

During the period of bearing a baby, a woman's body is rebuilt and begins to work in a completely different way, and the changes also affect the biochemical composition of some biological fluids. Very often, red blood cells are lowered during pregnancy.

If erythrocytes are lowered during pregnancy, is this the norm? This question worries many women who are in happy anticipation of the birth of their babies. What does it mean if erythrocytes are lowered, how dangerous is this phenomenon?

A general blood test is required for all expectant mothers. Usually doctors recommend to undergo this examination after the first visit of a woman to medical institution... After receiving the results of the analysis, it can be revealed that the erythrocytes are reduced. These cells are also called red blood cells. They serve a number of important functions. One of the most important is oxygen transport. Toxins, proteins, fat molecules can be adsorbed on their surface.

If the red blood cells are low in a pregnant woman, anemia develops. This is a very serious disease that can lead to certain consequences. For all organs and systems to function normally, it is necessary that the amount of oxygen is sufficient. When red blood cells are lowered, cellular respiration is impaired. This can be detrimental to the course of pregnancy. If the concentration of red blood cells in the blood future mother very low, the child suffers from a lack of oxygen. This leads to intrauterine growth retardation and can even provoke placental abruption, hypoxia.

Why do pregnant women often face such a problem? During this period, fluid is retained in the woman's body, the metabolism is disturbed, the blood is diluted and, accordingly, the concentration of red blood cells in it becomes lower. There are special tables by which the doctor can assess how serious the deviation from the norm is. If it is not very pronounced, you should not worry.

When the number of red blood cells per unit of blood volume drops to 3 million cells or less, this can be considered a serious reason to sound the alarm. The reasons for the low content of red blood cells in the body fluid can be different. The most common are:

Blood loss;

Lean formation of red blood cells;

Hereditary factor;

Infectious diseases;

Autoimmune diseases;

Lack of iron.

Blood loss during pregnancy can be associated with both trauma and placental abruption. In the latter case, immediate medical attention is required. Blood loss can be serious.

Often, a decrease in the concentration of red blood cells is associated with serious hemolytic diseases. A woman may not even know about the existence of a particular pathology. During pregnancy, usually all diseases are exacerbated and identified after the next examination.

Such dangerous infectious diseases like whooping cough, diphtheria. They are usually far from asymptomatic. It is necessary first to cure the underlying disease, and only then focus on the result of a blood test. Usually, after a complete cure, the concentration of red blood cells in the biological fluid increases. The difficulty may lie in the fact that pregnant women should not take many medicines... Some drugs can even cause anemia, so after receiving unsatisfactory test results, a woman needs to remember what medications she was taking and tell her doctor about it.

A deficiency of red blood cells can also provoke an unhealthy diet. Usually, to make a diagnosis such as anemia, experts suggest that a woman undergo additional studies in order to determine the color index of blood, the quantitative content of hemoglobin in erythrocytes. So, for example, hyperchromia usually occurs against the background of a deficiency folic acid... This vitamin must enter the body of a pregnant woman in sufficient quantities throughout the first trimester. Experts also recommend that you start drinking it a couple of months before the intended conception. A lack of folic acid can lead to the development of neural tube defects in a baby and the occurrence of other pathologies. In this case, it is very important to detect this problem in time by donating blood for analysis.

A decrease in the concentration of red blood cells in the biological fluid is always associated with iron deficiency. This trace element is necessary for pregnant women, therefore, after detecting its deficiency, a woman must be prescribed special iron-containing preparations. During the waiting period for the baby, the need for iron increases significantly, therefore hypochromia among expectant mothers is a fairly common phenomenon. It can be associated not only with a deficiency of a trace element, but also with a violation of the mechanism of its absorption into the walls of the gastrointestinal tract.

The main indicators of a healthy pregnancy are tests. However, such studies can also reveal pathological conditions in time.

Unfortunately, perfect test results are rare even for women in excellent health. One of these unpleasant results can be increased red blood cells in the urine during pregnancy, which in the overwhelming majority of cases are evidence of various ailments.

What are red blood cells?

Erythrocytes are red blood cells that circulate to a significant extent in the blood serum of the human body. Their purpose is to transport oxygen and nutrients to all tissue structures. The synthesis of these bodies occurs in the bone marrow, and the duration of their vital activity is about 4 months, after which they enter the body through the utilized system of the spleen and liver.

Normal indicators

During the period of gestation, the body of a pregnant woman undergoes dramatic changes. Due to the intensive development of the embryo, most physiological processes characterized by a changeable course. The detection of erythrocytes in the urine indicates the pathological state of the woman's health.

The norm of red blood cells in urine during pregnancy should not exceed one red body in the field of view.

If we talk about average indicators, then in most analyzes 3-5 erythrocytes are detected, the presence of which is not pathogenic. Pathology, in which there is a high erythrocyte level, is called hematuria in medicine. In the case of a small content of red blood cells in the urine it comes about microhematuria. When urine acquires a red hue due to the red bodies contained in it, one should talk about gross hematuria.

The delivery of a urine test should be done in the morning after thorough washing.

The reasons for the increase in red blood cells

Through urinalysis, it becomes possible to identify two types of hematuria:

1. True

It is evidence of the susceptibility of erythrocytes to a certain processing in the renal canals, after which they mix with urine and are excreted.

2. False

The following diseases are the main reasons for the increase in erythrocytes in urine in false-type pregnant women:

Renal pathology with damage to the urethra. This should also include the presence of sand and calculi in the "filtration" organ. The result of the advancement of stones can be damage to the mucous walls, as a result of which blood will be present in the urine. Thus, the movement of calculi injures the mucous tissues of the urethra and ureters. In this case, the detection of erythrocytes in the urine indicates only an injury to the ducts through which urine passes.
Uterine bleeding. In the case of bleeding, the presence of red blood cells in the urine is also possible. It is not always possible to detect pathology, which is due to the absence of a change in the color of urine. Moreover, even a small amount of red blood cells may indicate pathological processes during pregnancy.
Erosive lesions of the uterine wall. Almost always, uterine erosion is accompanied by the presence of red blood cells in the urine. During the period of gestation, the uterine neck acquires a rather soft structure, as a result of which the blood vessels expand, followed by the passage of a small amount of blood into the urine. During urination, the vaginal discharge mixes with the urinary stream.
Colpitis of the vaginal mucosa. This disease is understood as the process of inflammation of the female genital organs. As you know, during pregnancy, health problems turn into an exacerbation stage. At the same time, a favorable environment for the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms is created in the vagina, which can easily penetrate deep into the organ and enter the cell membrane structures. If the situation is neglected, red blood cells appear in the urine.

In order to exclude the severe consequences of the listed pathologies in the form of miscarriages or irreparable renal changes, it is advisable to pass an auxiliary analysis, which is a smear of the vaginal microflora. The results make it possible to identify the nature of the increase in red cells in the urine. If a large number of them are found in a smear, colpitis is diagnosed, requiring appropriate treatment.

Urine collection rules

In order to accurately diagnose and obtain high test results, it is important to carefully prepare and collect urine correctly.

So, the collection of research material should be done in the morning after the hygiene procedures. It is advisable to collect material for research in special sterile containers sold in pharmacies. Here are some basic rules:

before collecting the research sample, the vaginal opening is covered with a clean gauze swab;
the middle portion should be collected;
after filling, the container must be closed with a lid and transported to the laboratory.

It should be remembered that urine cannot be stored in such containers for more than a couple of hours. Otherwise, you may receive erroneous results.

In the process of collecting urine, it is important to monitor the absence of contact between the integuments of the skin and mucous tissues with the edges of the container.

If erythrocytes are detected in the urine, even with the correct technique for collecting the analysis, a Nechiporenko study is assigned. If the result is positive, one should talk about kidney damage, requiring hospitalization of the pregnant woman.

The importance of getting tested regularly

Timely detected erythrocytes in urine make it possible to prevent and exclude numerous pathologies at an early stage of their development. Due to the weakening of the pregnant body, any infectious pathogen can easily hit it, which can subsequently negatively affect the further development and health of the fetus. For this reason, it is extremely important to get tested on time.

Against the background of poor analyzes with the diagnosis of hematuria, a normally proceeding pregnancy is excluded. If untreated, severe consequences for maternal and child organisms are likely to develop.

Every pregnant woman, passing one or another test, always eagerly and excitedly awaits its results. After all, you really want everything to be fine with the baby. Unfortunately, in the modern world, perfect tests are very rare, even if a woman was absolutely healthy before pregnancy.

Any doctor will say that minor changes in the rate of indicators for pregnant women are permissible due to the restructuring of the whole body. Therefore, the analyzes will be deciphered taking into account the position of the woman. One of the important test indicators is red blood cells during pregnancy. An increase or decrease in red blood cells can be either a symptom of a serious illness or a temporary phenomenon. Only the attending physician can say for sure.

Red blood cells and their role

Red blood cells are small blood cells that contain hemoglobin. Their main role is to transport oxygen from the lungs to all tissues and organs and to remove carbon dioxide on the way back. Red blood cells help the body produce antibodies to different types viruses. These blood cells find the focus of the disease, tying the "poisoners" together. When the red blood cell count is low, it can signal problems. In this case, the gynecologist may prescribe an additional analysis to determine the level of red blood cells in the blood and urine of a pregnant woman.

Red blood cells in a blood test. Rate and deviations

The total number of red blood cells is determined in a clinical blood test.

A slight change in the level of red blood cells in the blood of a pregnant woman is considered normal.

From a medical point of view, this is due to the fact that the body, preparing in advance for possible blood loss during childbirth, increases the volume of circulating blood. The volume of plasma increases, and as a result, the number of erythrocytes increases.

In the normal course of pregnancy, the rate of red blood cells in pregnant women is as follows:

A high level of red blood cells in the blood is called erythrocytosis, or plurality. It is associated with a number of reasons:

transferred stress;
great physical activity;
accommodation in a mountainous area.

Sometimes due to severe toxicosis, when dehydration of the body often occurs, the level of red blood cells may slightly increase, but this is not considered a pathology, since it is temporary and is due to the physiological characteristics of the body. Otherwise, it can be a sign of heart and vascular diseases, kidney and liver cancer, pathologies of the respiratory and circulatory system.

The decrease in the normal level of red blood cells in the blood of a woman carrying a child should be taken more seriously. More than 40% of women have a deviation in this part of the analysis. A low level of red blood cells in the blood does not always indicate anemia. There are a number of other diseases associated with low red blood cell counts.

Reasons for a decrease in the level of red blood cells

A disease in which the level of red blood cells in a pregnant woman is several times lower than the permissible norm is called erythropenia. There are many reasons for its occurrence:

improper nutrition of the expectant mother;
large blood loss;
heart, kidney disease;
anemia of all kinds;
iron deficiency;
lack of B-group vitamins;
an infectious disease is present at the time of pregnancy;
chronic diseases of the expectant mother;
depletion of the body against the background of constant stress;
oncological diseases, accompanied by the growth of metastases;
malfunction of the hormonal system;
a short break between the previous and the present pregnancy;
at the time of the test, antibiotic therapy was being carried out;
leukemia.

A woman carrying a baby should know that the sooner problems are identified, the higher the chance of giving birth to a completely healthy child.

Erythropenia symptoms

Often, a woman finds out that pregnancy is not entirely smooth only in the doctor's office after taking a blood test. There are a number of signs that serve as a signal to see a doctor:

a constant feeling of lethargy and fatigue;
cardiopalmus;
cold sweaty hands;
low blood pressure;
pale skin and mucous membranes;
with an advanced form, fainting is possible.

Any of these symptoms are a sign reduced level erythrocytes, which requires mandatory treatment.

The danger of erythropenia

A reduced level of red blood cells in the blood is not considered a pathology only in the first trimester of pregnancy. So, by thinning the blood, the body prepares for feeding the placenta and the upcoming birth. However, if in the future, bearing a baby is accompanied by a decrease in red blood cells, then this is already a pathological course of pregnancy, since erythropenia can lead to a number of unpleasant consequences:

serious pathologies in the growth and development of the fetus;
fetal hypoxia;
weak labor activity;
death of a child on the first day after birth;
significant blood loss during childbirth;
the threat of premature birth.

Treatment and prevention of the disease

A second blood test may be ordered by the obstetrician-gynecologist to pinpoint the cause of the decrease in the number of blood discs. When confirming the diagnosis, it is very important to find and eliminate the root cause of the problem and only then prescribe the appropriate treatment. As a rule, it consists of several stages:

Adjusting the nutrition of the expectant mother.
Prescribing the necessary drugs and vitamins if erythropenia is caused by an infection.
If a decrease in the level of red blood cells is associated with stagnation of fluid in the body of a pregnant woman, diuretics are mandatory in conjunction with a salt-free diet.
With significant blood loss, all measures are taken to restore the level of biological fluid.

Treatment at home is often undesirable and impossible. For more serious reasons, such as anemia or oncology, treatment of erythropenia is carried out only in a hospital under the strict supervision of the medical staff in order to avoid worsening the condition of the pregnant woman.

In order to avoid problems with blood in the future, it is necessary to systematically pass tests prescribed by a gynecologist. Try to lead healthy image life with proper nutrition.

Red blood cells in urine

The appearance of red blood cells in the urine is an alarming sign. Sometimes it is absolutely safe and is associated exclusively with physiological changes in the body, weighed down by pregnancy.

Most often, the appearance of traces of blood in the urine is a sign of pathology. Do not panic, you need to find out the cause of blood discs in the urine.

The rate of red blood cells in the urine

V general analysis urine of a pregnant woman, the presence of 0-1 erythrocytes in the field of view is allowed. When more oxygen-carrying cells are excreted in the urine, this is a deviation that requires correction.

Sometimes, in order to clarify the picture of the appearance of red blood cells in the urine, the gynecologist may prescribe a urine test from three glasses. The essence of this study is that you first need to collect the first portion of morning urine, then the middle, and then the last. Biomaterial is collected in different signed cups.

Such an analysis will be able to diagnose urolithiasis, problems in the kidneys and ureter, pathology in the development of the bladder.

Causes of the appearance of red blood cells in the urine

The safest cause of hematuria in pregnant women is physiological. The uterus grows, increases in size, begins to put pressure on the organs of the urinary system. Due to this, the outflow of urine becomes more difficult, the kidneys stop working correctly, acting as a filter. As a result, small quantities of red blood cells appear. An increase in red blood cells in the urine can provoke stress, improper lifestyle and exercise.

In other cases, hematuria is associated with a number of diseases of the urinary system and requires an immediate visit to a specialist:

pyelonephritis;
cystitis;
urolithiasis disease;
cervical erosion;
uterine bleeding with the threat of termination of pregnancy;
inflammation of the vaginal mucosa;
venereal diseases.

Sometimes, in order to exclude serious pathologies, it is recommended to pass a vaginal smear and examination of a pregnant woman on a gynecological chair.

If over time the picture of pregnancy remains the same, and the erythrocytes remain in the urine, a urine test according to Nechiporenko is prescribed.

In any case, panic is not the best helper. Often a poor prognosis is obtained as a result of improper collection of biomaterial.

Pregnancy requires constant monitoring of the level of red blood cells in the urine. It is very important to take all the tests recommended by the gynecologist leading the pregnancy on time. Only he can appoint correct treatment... In no case should you self-medicate or let the disease take its course. This can be fraught not only with the health of the woman, but also dangerous for the unborn child.

Red blood cells in urine during pregnancy are a very important indicator, especially when it comes to women with signs of anemia. The reason for this increased attention lies in the fact that the number of red blood cells affects oxygen saturation. Red blood cells in urine during pregnancy - very important indicator not only for the expectant mother, but also for the child. The fact is that the level of hemoglobin affects the correct development of the fetus and the condition of the expectant mother. Under no circumstances should erythrocytes leave the bloodstream, so the rate of erythrocytes in the urine of women is their absence.

It is worth noting that an increased content of red blood cells, that is, their detection in urine, does not always mean pathological causes... Sometimes this is due to physiology, in particular, with the uterus, which begins to grow actively. Due to the rapid increase in size, the ureters and bladder are compressed. This provokes stagnation.

As a result of this condition, there may be impaired blood circulation, therefore, the kidneys are distinguished by impaired filtration. As a result, the analysis demonstrates the presence of red blood cells in the urine. It is worth emphasizing that such a condition is not a pathology, and does not pose any threat to the health of the expectant mother or child.

Another safe reason for the appearance of red blood cells in the urine can be a rapid change in hormonal levels. This is also not something to worry about. In this case, single erythrocytes will be found in the urine.

However, stagnant urine can often provoke the formation of stones and sand. It’s not so harmless anymore. The fact is that such solid formations lead to injuries of the urinary tract, and this condition requires immediate treatment.

It is worth emphasizing that women often do not have any complaints, however, as soon as the stone or sand starts to move, severe and sharp pain will appear. Due to such an injury, a large number of red blood cells appear in the urine, its color is even close to bloody.

List of dangerous diseases

If we are not talking about functional changes in the body, and the reasons are hidden in something else, then most likely it is worth checking for inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system. Most often, such problems of an infectious nature cause pain, cuts, burning sensations and problems with urination. To all this are added pain in the lumbar region and lower abdomen, often a person can feel weak, a headache appears.

The most common causes of the manifestation of red blood cells in the urine of a pregnant woman are:

cystitis;
pyelonephritis;

glomerulonephritis;
infections of a venereal nature.

It should be noted that in such cases, treatment is strictly prohibited. folk remedies or self-medication, as it can cause serious harm to the health of the mother and child.

The causes of hematuria can be not only infection. Often, this condition manifests itself in hypertension, diathesis of a hemorrhagic nature, fever, anemia, thrombosis, diabetes mellitus and a number of other problems.

Modern doctors distinguish one and a half hundred conditions that can cause the appearance of red blood cells in the urine. Some situations require an examination of all systems in order to make the correct diagnosis and prescribe the correct treatment.

Hematuria and pregnancy

It is worth noting that any analysis can be erroneous, especially if the preparation for its delivery was incorrect. Not always the changed color of urine signals the presence of red blood cells. Sometimes the color can change due to the foods included in the diet. Most often, it is recommended to take a general analysis first.

If red blood cells have been identified within its framework, the doctor may recommend a three-glass sample. It is carried out to identify the nature of the origin of red blood cells. In particular, the delivery of analyzes is carried out in three containers.

If red blood cells are present in the first portion of urine, then we are talking about lesions of the urethra. Finding them in the second container indicates damage to the kidneys or ureters. If red blood cells were found in the third portion, then we are talking about problems with the bladder.

In addition to the direct number of red blood cells, an assessment is given to their structure. Normally, indicators during pregnancy in the blood can be from 3.8 to 5.5 10 to 12 degrees / l. Values both above and below may indicate the presence of pathology.

It is worth noting that it is also worth calculating the blood hematocrit indicator. Within its framework, the ratio of red blood cells to the total blood volume is indicated, and percentages are used to express it. If this figure exceeds the level of 45 percent, then the pregnant woman will need to be hospitalized immediately.

In this case, infusion therapy is prescribed, in which blood thinning occurs. This helps to improve the nutrition of the woman's body and the fetus. In general, a pregnancy proceeding in accordance with the norms should not differ in any abnormal analyzes.

Additional research

If red blood cells were found in the urine of a pregnant woman, most likely she will have to go through a whole complex additional research... In particular, a complete examination of the reproductive system is necessary.

Examination of the cervix, colposcopy. It is necessary to perform a culture, vaginal smear, check for genital infections. An ultrasound of the kidneys will be required without fail, as well as a detailed urine analysis according to Nechiporenko. In this case, it is very important to comply with all the rules for its delivery.

In particular, the collection is carried out in the morning. Pre-washing is performed, douching should be excluded. Before collecting urine, it is recommended to cover the vagina with a gauze swab.

The first portion of the material is discharged into the toilet, the rest is collected in a container. The last portion is also not required. If there is no possibility of correct collection in living conditions, you have to use a urinary catheter.

The same scheme of delivery should be used for a regular, general urine test. The analysis according to Nechiporenko will allow you to find out the quantitative ratio of erythrocytes. It is worth emphasizing that many diseases identified with such an increase are treated permanently.