What can be cooked from squid: quick and tasty

Installation of water supply risers is necessary primarily in multi-storey buildings. Any vertical pipelines bear this name. Horizontal distribution pipes are suitable for them, and lateral waste is already diverging from them. In them, water is supplied under high pressure so that it can rise to the very top floors of the building.

That is why the replacement of water supply risers is a complex plumbing operation, which is carried out in compliance with certain rules and requirements. Violation of these rules leads to the fact that the repair of the water supply system will have to be done again after 1-2 years of operation.

V apartment building risers are placed separately for hot and cold water supply. However, this has to be done only in cases where hot water is supplied centrally, from a common boiler room. If the water heaters are directly in the apartment, one is enough for cold water... The vertical pipe is laid along the surface of an already finished plastered wall or in a slab inside it. Its position should be strictly vertical, which is constantly checked when laying using a plumb line. The assembly is carried out from the bottom up, starting from the lower floor or, if there is one, the basement. The diameter must be the same over the entire height of the system.

The installation of a plumbing pipe is carried out in a multi-storey residential building for a group of apartments located one above the other. Their number depends on the number of apartments located on the same floor. On each floor in the apartment, horizontal consumer bends are connected to the riser. As a rule, a sewer riser, as having the most large diameter, placed in the corner of the bathroom, and the plumbing pipes of a smaller diameter next to it. If the riser is open, the distance from its surface to the wall must be at least 20 mm.

The hot centralized water supply system is a more complex system, since it additionally has the need to avoid heat losses as much as possible when supplied over long distances. For this, the risers of one vertical section in the upper part are interconnected. All of them, except one, are connected to the supply main system, and one, called the drain, to the circulation system. To be able to maintain the same diameter of the pipes of the risers of a one-pipe hot water supply system, it is customary to loop them back.

The drain riser, as well as the supply, is suitable for horizontal piping systems designed for parsing hot water... In addition, a diaphragm is installed on the drain riser for uniform circulation of water. With such a system, in houses with a height of up to 5 floors, the diameter of the pipes of hot water risers is set to 25 mm, and in houses above 5 floors, 32 mm is already provided. At the same time, galvanized steel pipes were usually installed to supply hot water.

Reasons for replacing water risers

The need to replace the water supply riser can arise in two cases: when the pipe becomes unusable or if you need to transfer the riser to another place in the apartment. If in the first case it is possible to confine oneself to the process of replacing a pipe within one apartment, then in the second it is necessary to agree with all the neighbors through whose apartments the riser pipe passes. In the first case, this is also very desirable, since if the riser pipe has corroded, it is worth replacing it entirely, since a breakthrough in one apartment leaves all neighbors without water.

In old-style residential buildings, all risers are located outside, in modern houses all of them, except for water supply risers hot water, laid in the niches of the walls. Old cast iron or steel tubes under the influence of organic substances, they not only corrode, leading to the formation of numerous leaks. The inside of the pipes is overgrown with mineral deposits, so the inner diameter begins to decrease. And this leads to the fact that in order to pump the previous volume of water, it is necessary to increase the pressure, increasing the load on the already dilapidated pipe.

Most often old metal pipes corroded in places of passage through interfloor ceilings. The service life of such pipes is limited to 25 years, and after 40 years they definitely reach an emergency state. At the same time, it is worth remembering that hot water pipes become unusable earlier than others, since they are exposed to temperature extremes. This leads to the formation of condensation on their surface, which accelerates the corrosion process. If the apartment is being renovated, during which new plumbing equipment is installed in the bathroom, the transfer of the riser is usually inevitable.

The process of replacing and installing a new riser

First of all, you need to decide on the material from which the new riser will be made. It can be either cast iron or galvanized steel, or plastic pipe... The main condition is that the diameter of the new pipe is equal to or greater than the diameter of the previous one. It is advisable to take new pipes made of polypropylene plastic. They can be used both for cold water supply and for hot water supply, since the material has sufficient heat resistance. In addition, they have a lower specific weight, are easier to assemble, and their service life reaches 50 years.

You need to start replacing the riser from the valve, which can block the movement of water in the pipe. When he also fell into disrepair, it is advisable to start from the previous one. If the connection of a new polypropylene pipe must be made with a similar material, it is made using a solder sleeve, always one-piece. Soldering plastic is a simple procedure that you can do yourself. If you have to connect a metal pipe with a plastic one, then an adapter sleeve with an internal thread is used. To do this, at the end of the metal pipe, you will have to cut 5 - 6 turns of the external thread.

After that, the riser can be assembled by inserting a shut-off valve and a tee on each floor at the junction with the horizontal internal wiring. To install a heated towel rail, you need to additionally solder two more tees. In the case when only part of the riser within the same apartment changes, it is forbidden to combine different materials for one pipe. In a steel or cast-iron riser, it is necessary to insert a new piece to replace the worn-out one, made of the same material. To do this, you will have to use electric welding and hire a specialist.

For reliability, it is better to make the joints of metal pipes welded, since threaded ones can begin to leak over time.When welding galvanized steel, you need to remove the zinc layer at the joint, and weld into the socket. After replacing or transferring a hot water riser, it should be covered with thermal insulation, which will prevent condensation from forming on its surface. You don't have to do this with a cold one. Next, you can sheathe the riser with a plasterboard casing or tile it.

Application modern materials and compliance with all laying rules will allow you to forget about repairing the water supply riser for many years.

To category: Water supply and sewerage

Installation of plumbing pipes and connections to water points

Plumbing pipes and piping to appliances in residential buildings can be laid openly along the walls or in furrows arranged in the walls (hidden wiring).

In sewer, drain, smoke and ventilation ducts, gasket water pipes not allowed.

In order to be able to assemble and disassemble pipelines without damaging the walls, the distance from the surface of the walls to uninsulated water pipes with their open laying should be 35 mm with a pipe diameter of up to 32 mm and 50 mm with a pipe diameter of 40 to 50 mm. Deviations to one side or the other by 5 mm are allowed.

It is necessary to lay the risers of hot and cold water supply next to the sewer riser in accordance with the installation position of the sewer and water supply risers.

The distance between the centers of hot and cold risers is assumed to be 80 mm. The hot riser is mounted to the right of the cold water riser.

To avoid pipe leaks and damage to building structures, as well as for the convenience of disassembling pipelines, it is impossible to place pipe connections in places where they pass through ceilings, walls and partitions.

Plumbing risers in places where they pass through ceilings, walls and partitions must be enclosed in sleeves made of pipe scraps, roofing steel or roofing material. The edges of the sleeves should be flush with the ceiling surface and protrude 20 mm above the finished floor mark. The holes in the ceilings after the completion of the installation of the pipeline must be carefully sealed.

Rice. 1. Installation diagram of a water pipe: 1 - connection to the sink, 2 - connection to the tank, 3 - coupling, 4 - lock nut, 5 - long thread, 6, 9 - tees, 7 - plug, 8 - valve

If the risers are laid in the furrows, then when filling the furrows, it is necessary to leave hatches at the locations of the sills and fittings.

Rice. 2. Scheme of installation of a water supply system in a sanitary-technical unit of a five-story residential building:
a - a plan of a bathroom, b - a diagram of a water supply riser, c - an installation diagram of a water supply to sanitary appliances, d - a supply to a cistern in the upper floor

The installation diagram of a water supply riser when connecting a water supply system to high-located flushing cisterns is shown in Fig. 1. Here the riser is connected to the main line by a tee, and the final dead-end riser is connected to the same line by a square. In residential and public buildings, a valve must be installed at the base of risers and on branches with at least three water points.

In buildings up to two stories high, a valve is not installed at the base of the riser.

To empty the riser, a tee with a plug is placed above the valve.

The squeegees are installed at the base of the risers, and higher - at least through the floor. In addition, they are located on the connections to the devices if there are bends on them, as well as when branching to three or more water points.

The location of the fittings on the plumbing pipe is shown in the figure.

The stand from the CZM blanks is mounted from the bottom up.

When installing a "Compact" type toilet, the length of the connection from the floor to the center of the valve is 245 mm, and from the center of the valve to the connection point is 400 mm.

The uprights are fastened with hooks at half the height of the floor. If pipes are laid along brick walls, then the hooks are hammered into wooden corks. To do this, punch holes to a depth of 80-90 mm with a bolt with a diameter of 19 mm or a power tool, and drive in plugs with a length of 70-80 mm so that their ends can be sealed with gypsum mortar.

Leads to the water points are laid with a slope of 0 002-0.005 towards the risers to drain the system during repairs. The liners are reinforced with hooks, the legs of which should be facing up, the hooks are placed at the water points, and if the liner is more than 1.5 m long, in the middle of it, with a longer liner, the hooks are placed at least 2.5 mm from one another.

In fig. 2 shows a plan, a diagram of the installation of a riser and connections to the flush cistern, washbasin, sink and gas water heater in a five-story residential building.

The distance from the top of the urinal to the center of the piping is taken to be at least 200 mm so that the urinal tap and outlet can be placed. Squeegee 4 is placed at the urinal tap.

The water supply line 5 is made of pipes with a diameter of 15 mm.

Water taps are installed 0.25 m above the side of the sink and 0.2 m above the side of the sink, counting from the side to the horizontal axis of the tap.

Wall-mounted toilet taps are installed 0.2 m above the side of the washbasin.

Bath-type water taps are installed at a height of 800 mm from the floor.

A significant number of the population of our country are residents of multi-storey buildings that were built since Soviet times. According to the technical standards of that period, cast iron and steel products were used for the installation of in-house pipelines. The materials are durable, but prone to corrosion, decay and, as a result, require replacement.

Who is responsible for this in a multi-storey building?

Residents of apartments, in order to prevent the consequences of unpleasant situations, often reinstall risers and branches at their own expense. However, this is not entirely true.

According to Art. 161 of the Housing Code and Government Ordinances Russian Federation No. 354 of 05/06/11 (Art. 149), repair and replacement of risers completely lies with the housing management company... The owner of the apartment pays monthly receipts, in particular for " Maintenance and repairs. "For these funds, all work related to communications must be performed. In the event of an accident, the housing office must renew the pipes, and collecting money from people is illegal.

Who pays for the replacement in a privatized apartment?

As a result of the privatization process, not only the living space, but also metering devices, plumbing equipment, and communications falls into the ownership. This is confirmed by Art. 36 ZhK RF and Government Decree No. 491 as amended. dated March 26, 2014 the Owner has the right to dispose at his own discretion:

• replace metal pipes with plastic;
• install new plumbing fixtures, stopcocks, meters;
• change radiators.

However, with regard to common risers connecting several floors, the question is controversial. Vertical pipelines can be located in special shafts or run through an apartment. Placement is of no fundamental importance. The owners of both privatized and non-privatized apartments make regular payments, due to which the management company carries out maintenance and replacement of pipes. The owner is obliged to repair only intra-apartment branching from the riser.

Procedure

If an urgent need arises, the first thing to do is to contact the management company or the housing office. You need to write a statement about replacing risers, in which you indicate good reason and attach at least 2 photographs of communications. The document is executed in duplicate, one remains in the housing office, and the second with a mark of acceptance must be taken with you. It is important for the homeowner to be a bona fide utility payer to accept and review the application.

1. The repair team responds quickly and replaces the emergency riser. The owner of the living space, in turn, provides access to the bathroom for the smooth execution of repair work.
2. The management company refuses to replace the vertical pipeline, arguing that the pipeline is located in the owner's premises and the owner of the apartment is responsible for it. In this case, you will receive a written response with a refusal. Then you can go to court with this document, but the process is often delayed for several months.

Work order

When replacing pipes, it is important to first discuss the situation with the neighbors, otherwise the tie-in is carried out only from the ceiling to the floor. The sections of the old riser will remain in the overlap, which in the future may lead to leaks in these places.

The participation of representatives of the management company is also indispensable, they block the riser and drain the water. After that, the replacement of pipelines occurs in the following sequence:

1. with the help of a grinder, they are dismantled by pulling out old pipes from floor slabs;
2. make markings for inserting branches;
3. carry out the installation of a new pipeline and wiring;
4. connect water and check all connections for leaks.

Advice: it is better not to change the sewer risers on your own, the entire system may fail.


Pipes for hot water supply and heating systems are selected on the condition that they do not deform under the influence of heat. Polypropylene pipes are in demand today, which have a number of advantages:

• resistance to corrosion;
• profitability;
• ease of installation;
• lack of internal limestone deposits;
• environmental friendliness.

According to the legislation, the planned reinstallation of the central highways is carried out every 25-30 years... Household networks, intra-apartment heating pipes, water supply of non-privatized apartments are subject to this scheme.

In an apartment building and a private building, it has long been customary for everyone to equip with plumbing and sewer risers. Already from them in the apartment there is a branching of pipes, which, like vessels in a living organism, supply it with everything it needs and bring out the results of vital activity. And if you treat the problems of risers like an organism, then there will be no problems in the house. Given the degree of wear and tear of materials, it is periodically necessary to replace the risers in the apartment.

It is a vertical pipeline that runs through all floors in an apartment building. It is necessary for the collection and disposal of waste and used water inside the building. Most often, the material for the sewer riser is cast iron or galvanized steel. In houses with a service life of more than 25 - 30 years, replacement of a sewer riser required condition... Cast iron, like other materials, wears out and rusts over time. And its repair is no longer advisable. And the plastic riser has increased fragility. In case of malfunctions, the best solution would be to replace the structure.

Installed, as a rule, in a bathroom next to the sewer. The distance between the wall and the riser must be at least three centimeters, it has a system of pipes for the water intake and valves.

The plumbing riser, which provides cold and hot water delivery to the house, can also be made of galvanized steel and cast iron. Due to corrosion, it is not very practical. In addition to the fact that traces of destruction could appear on the surface, one cannot turn a blind eye to this, since this situation can lead to a leak. In addition, the water passage is narrowed due to the ingress of dirt and rust. And here already overhaul inevitable.

A cold water supply (cold water supply) problem can lead to interruptions in drinking water throughout the home. And the lack of hot water supply (hot water supply) will negatively affect hygiene. Unfortunately, the risers of the hot water supply system deteriorate and rust much earlier than the cold water supply pipes. Under all these conditions, an urgent replacement of the water supply risers is necessary.

Reasons for replacing risers

• emergency condition;
• when the repair of the sewer riser is impossible;
• dissatisfaction with the quality of the material;
• the end of the term of use;
• repair and redevelopment in the bathroom;
• deterioration in the quality of cold water;
• the risk of leaks in the hot water supply;
• decrease in the throughput of the water supply system.

For lovers of redevelopment, there are some problems in an apartment building with the transfer of a sewer riser. Here it is even desirable to agree on the replacement with the neighbors.

It would be advisable to carry out repairs on all floors. And if the replacement of the sewer riser (cast-iron for metal-plastic or propylene) is in one apartment, then only residents of the upper floor can do this without problems.

In addition, they should be replaced without disrupting the operation of the hydraulic locks of the ventilation pipe. So that in all apartments in the house, harmful and ventilation does not appear. When it is necessary to replace the risers of water supply, there are subtleties of this action.

It is impossible to change only the problematic fragment of the HVS pipe; in this case, the section from the floor to the ceiling must be replaced at least within one apartment.

To extend the service life of the water supply system, if you need to replace the water supply risers, when installing the cold water riser, you can apply modifications to the pipes for the hot water supply. It is not worth adding an insert from another to a pipe made of one material, especially if it is planned to be carried out before the valves. The combination pipe, for both cold water and hot water, may be damaged during use. And lead to emergency... It is better to immediately change the riser in the bathroom using the same polypropylene pipes.

• Metalloplast. Good heat dissipation, with the ability to keep temperature and pressure. As a minus of such pipes, when using HVS, they fog up a lot and need to periodically tighten the collets (due to the narrowing at the junction of fittings and valves), so you should not rush to close the pipes, as they need constant maintenance.
• Crosslinked polyethylene. Smarter to use for hot water. Can be hidden in the wall.
• Polyvinyl chloride. PVC pipes are ideal if you need to replace the sewer riser. Long service life without corrosion. Light weight, easy to install. Connection reliability (tightness).
• Polypropylene. These pipes have the same cross-section in all elements and the installation of valves is not a problem, they are well welded together. Such pipes are not subject to decay and corrosion. It is better to choose polypropylene pipes made in European countries, rather than Chinese ones.

Replacing all the risers in the house at once is a smart decision. If it's time to do a major overhaul, then change the riser in the bathroom only for cold water, and leave hot water for later, this means stretching the repair time indefinitely.

1. Therefore, it is better to do everything in one period. First you need to start dismantling the unusable cast-iron riser.
2. The next step will be the installation of new pipes for cold and hot water. Sewer system.
3. Wiring connection and functional check.

An important moment, when the sewer riser is being replaced, you should ask the neighbors so that no one in the house temporarily uses the sewer. And he did not open the water valves.

Replacing the sewer riser

First of all, this issue should be discussed with the managing organization. Professional plumbers will do this job faster and better. But if you decide to do everything yourself, you need to close the path to doubt and start acting.

• Dismantling.
• Inserting a new riser.

When dismantling, it is worth taking into account the weight of the cast-iron pipe, so that when breaking through the floors, it does not fall to the floor below, under its own weight. When the pipe of the new riser is installed, it is necessary to start by inserting the lower end of the new one into the upper end of the pipe of the lower floor. A rubber gasket must be used in the connection. Do the same by inserting the upper end of the new pipe into the pipe of the next floor.

Replacing the water supply riser

Overhaul of risers begins with drawing up a layout for the distribution of pipes of HVS for all necessary places(bathroom, kitchen, toilet) and preparation of the necessary materials.

When replacing cast iron pipes made of polypropylene, you can count on an environmentally friendly and durable water supply structure. Plastic option here, too, will lose a little. Polypropylene pipes during installation, HVS are selected due to their resistance to corrosion and the smoothness of the inner surface (limescale does not accumulate).

When replacing hot water pipes, it is better to use cross-linked polyethylene pipes, it is more resistant to high temperatures... Then there will be a chance to close the issue of re-repairing water supply for a long time.

What do we have to do:

1. Solve the issue with management company and neighbors, that the water supply will be overhauled in the apartment.
2. Be sure to close the valves before dismantling. Closing the valves is necessary so that there is no interference during work. Dismantle the old HVS system.
3. Plan the layout of the new HVS section. Fix the pipe holders to the wall.
4. Cut the pipes by cleaning the places of the proposed soldering with alcohol.
5. Solder the cut pipes using a Teflon nozzle, heating the device to 250 degrees. The pipe and the fitting must be put on the apparatus at the same time, then after heating they are easily connected.
6. When connected to a riser pipe from the neighbors, use a coupling. If the risers are from different materials, a coupling is needed - an adapter.
7. After collecting the entire system, the valve opens and the tightness is checked. If there is a leak, close the valve again and rectify the problem.
8. Just in case, do not hide the new riser, completely blocking access to it. There are situations where this can interfere with the quick fix of problems.