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Reasons, cost and significance of the Great Victory
Performed by pupils of 11 "A" class Lazutina Alexandra, Vinogradova Julia Supervisor: Nikitishina I.V.
Municipal educational institution secondary school No. 93 with in-depth study of individual subjects

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Lesson plan:
Potsdam Conference Victory Parade in Moscow Causes of Victory The Price of Victory and the Results of the War Post-War Settlement
“Your name is unknown. Your feat is immortal. " The eternal flame at the Kremlin wall. Moscow.

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Potsdam conference
July 17 to August 2, 1945 in Potsdam, a conference was held with the participation of the heads of state of the anti-Hitler coalition - J.V. Stalin, G. Truman, W. Churchill (during the conference he was replaced by the new prime minister K. Attlee). G. Trumen, unlike F. Roosevelt, carried out pressure and threat diplomacy. K. Attlee, who did not have the experience of W. Churchill, was inclined to blindly support the US position on all controversial issues. However, despite the disagreements, the conference participants managed to come to an agreement on many issues.

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Harry Truman
Truman Harry (1884-1972), American statesman, 33rd President of the United States (1945-53), from the Democratic Party; vice president from January - April 1945. He gave the order for the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. One of the initiators of the creation of NATO. His name is associated with both the continuation of socio-economic reforms in the spirit of FD Roosevelt's "New Deal" and the beginning of the Cold War. Truman advocated a tough confrontation between the USSR and the forces of communism (the policy of "containment") and the establishment of the sole leadership of the United States around the world.

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General principles of policy towards Germany:
"Four de-": Demilitarization - the elimination of all strategic weapons Decartelization - the dissolution of industrial associations that produced weapons Denazification - the elimination of the remnants of Nazism Democratization - the restructuring of political life on a democratic basis
How was the border issue resolved?

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Changing borders in Europe:
Silesia and Pomerania were transferred to Poland, part of East Prussia, the USSR retained the Baltic, West. Ukraine and West. Belarus, Moldova. Also part of Vost. Prussia (now Kaliningrad region) and Transcarpathian Ukraine Decisions of the Munich conference of 1938. canceled. Czechoslovakia became a single, integral state Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania returned to their former borders, Italy lost all of its colonial possessions.Taking into account the huge losses suffered by the USSR in World War II, 50% of the reparations paid by Germany were given to the USSR.

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Victory Parade in Moscow
June 24, 1945 in Moscow, a Victory Parade was held, in which representatives of all fronts and troops that participated in the war took part. KK Rokossovsky commanded the parade, and Zhukov received him. It was the solemn end of the Great Patriotic War: the banners of the troops of the Third Reich were thrown down to the Kremlin walls.

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Assignment to the class:
Using the materials of the textbook, write down in the notebook the reasons for the Victory of the USSR in World War II.

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Reasons for Victory
The main character and winner of the Second World War is the multinational people of the USSR. It was he who ensured the historic Victory. This is heroism at the fronts and in the occupied territories, selfless labor in the rear, the loyalty and trust of the Soviet people to the country's leadership (first of all, to J.V. Stalin), and his high patriotic enthusiasm. An important condition for achieving Victory was the accelerated mobilization of the economy, its transfer to a war footing, which made it possible to ensure the release of a much larger amount of military equipment compared to the Third Reich.

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An important condition for Victory is the alliance of the USSR, Great Britain and the United States in the fight against fascist aggression. An important role was played by military supplies to the USSR through Lend-Lease, joint actions of the allies in matters of diplomacy and in military operations. A significant role in the achievement of Victory was played by the military art of outstanding Soviet military leaders: K.K. Rokossovsky, N.F. Vatutin, I.S. Koneva, A.M. Vasilevsky, I. Kh.Bagramyan, F.I. Tolbukhin and others.

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Self-study assignment:
Using the textbook and additional literature, sum up the victims, losses and destruction in the Great Patriotic War for the Soviet people.

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Victory Price
The Second World War was the largest and most destructive in the history of mankind The greatest losses: China - 35 million dead USSR - approx. 27 million people Poland - c. 6 million people Yugoslavia - gok. 1.8 million people In the USSR, 1710 cities and towns, 48 ​​thousand km of the railway, 1870 bridges, 427 museums, 1670 churches were completely destroyed

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Results of the war
The defeat of the powers that embarked on the path of outright aggression Recognition of the importance of such values ​​as humanism, freedom and equality of peoples The authority of the USSR was strengthened, its influence on the international arena increased
October 16, 1946 International Tribunal sentenced the highest leaders of the fascist empire to death War undermined the foundations of the colonial empires

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Post-war settlement
On October 16, 1946, the International Tribunal for the Conviction of the Main Criminals of Nazism began its work in Nuremberg. The highest leaders of the Third Reich were sentenced to death, and those who collaborated with the occupation authorities were brought to justice. The countries of the anti-fascist coalition set out their views on the principles of the postwar world order in the charter of the United Nations (UN), adopted by delegations of 50 states at a conference in San Francisco (April - June 1945). What principles did the UN Charter proclaim?

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The principles proclaimed by the UN Charter are: The need to respect human rights and dignity. Equality of small and large nations. Compliance with international obligations and international legal norms. Commitment of the UN members to social progress and improvement of people's living conditions.

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Levitan - the act of signing the surrender of Germany
LEVITAN Yuri Borisovich (1914, Vladimir -1983, Moscow), announcer of the All-Union Radio (since 1931), People's Artist of the USSR (1980). Born into a family of a tailor. He read the most important official messages, became famous during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. In the work of Levitan, civic, journalistic and acting expressiveness is organically combined.
Act of signing the surrender of Germany

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On the walls of the Reichstag: signatures and autographs

The purpose of the lesson:

Reveal the reasons for the Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 through the generalization of students' knowledge;

Lesson Objectives:

To acquaint students with the reasons for the Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War.

Assess the significance of the Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War.

To develop information and communication competence through participation in work in small groups;

To foster a sense of patriotism for their homeland.

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Working with dates: 2206194105121941

The main events of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945.

Theme. Reasons for the Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

The purpose of the lesson: Determine the reasons for the Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War. To develop information and communication competence through participation in the work of small groups. To foster a sense of patriotism for their homeland.

Working with historical documents. Assignment: Find out the reasons for the victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War?

Reasons for the Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 The Soviet leadership organized the country under the slogan: "Everything for the front, everything for Victory." I.V. Stalin.

Outstanding commanders of the Red Army. G.K. Zhukov K.K. Rokossovsky I.S. Konev

Resilience and heroism of Soviet soldiers. PHOTO POLITICAL TRUCK 12 thousand people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 104 people - twice, 3 people - three times.

The superiority of Soviet military equipment. T-34.

Guerrilla warfare. S.A. Kovpak. Girls are snipers.

Allied help. The allies' lend-lease assistance was: aircraft - 19 thousand tanks - 12 thousand cars - 400 thousand - food - 392 thousand tons

Soviet culture. Lydia Ruslanova. Claudia Shulzhenko.

The war acquired a national and liberating character against the German fascist invaders.

Reasons for the victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War of 1941 -1945: The Soviet leadership organized the country under the slogan: "Everything for the front, everything for Victory." Outstanding commanders of the Red Army. Resilience and heroism of Soviet soldiers. The superiority of Soviet military equipment. Guerrilla warfare. Allied help. Soviet culture.

Is the victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War a miracle or a historical pattern?

Assignment: Enter the names of the generals. An alphabetical list of the names of the commanders whom V.M. Molotov mentioned in his toast: I.Kh Bagramyan, S.M.Budyonny, A.M. Vasilevsky, K.E. Voroshilov, L.A. Govorov, G.K. Zhukov, I.S. Isakov, I.S. Konev, N.G. Kuznetsov, R. Ya, K.K. Rokossovsky, K.A. Meretskov, Malinovsky, S.K. Timoshenko, F.I. Tolbukhin, I.S. Yumashev.

Homework. Write an essay: "What decides the outcome of a war - technology or heroism?"

Memo. How to write essays - essays. Expanding the topic of the essay you should know: Show your knowledge of the topic. Understand the essay topic clearly. I must express my attitude on this topic. Use terms that are necessary to cover the topic. Give examples from history, social life, personal life experience to support your position. Memo. How to write essays - essays. Expanding the topic of the essay you should know: Show your knowledge of the topic. Understand the essay topic clearly. I must express my attitude on this topic. Use terms that are necessary to cover the topic. Give examples from history, social life, personal life experience to support your position.

On the subject: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Lesson topic. Reasons for the Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War 1941 - 1945.

The purpose of the lesson: To identify the reasons for the Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 through generalizing the knowledge of students; Lesson objectives: To acquaint students with the reasons for ...

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Script of the Musical and Poetic Composition for "Victory Salute!", Dedicated to the 70th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945.

We are the generation in whose name millions of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers gave their lives, we remember the price of the Great Victory! ...

The article "Schools in Moscow in the days of the Moscow battle" describes the position, role and significance of secondary schools during the Second World War, the degree of their involvement in the tasks of the front and the implementation of school education in this history ...

Description of the presentation The Great Patriotic War The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people on slides

The Great Patriotic War The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people against the aa German fascist invaders (1941-1945) was the war of the Soviet Union against Nazi Germany and its European allies (Bulgaria, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Slovakia, Croatia, Spain).

Hitler's desire for world domination of the German nation (the idea of ​​pan-Germanism) The need for fascist Germany to conquer the natural resources of the USSR, which it needs to continue the war against England and the United States. Ambitions of Stalin, who sought to extend his control to the whole of Eastern Europe. Fatal ideological contradictions between the capitalist and socialist systems

The name "Great Patriotic War" came into use after Stalin's radio address on July 3, 1941. In circulation, the words "great" and "domestic" are used separately.

Armed forces on the eve of the Great Patriotic War on the western border of the USSR Category Germany and its union. USSR (total) Aircraft 4, 846 8, 974 24, 488 Guns 42, 601 57, 041 117, 581 Tanks 4, 171 13, 924 25,

Military operations in the summer of 1941 -year 1942. Army Group Number \ commanders It is opposed by the Soviet armies Number \ commanders Targets "North" Field-General Rshal V. Leeb North-West (general F.I. Kuznetsov), North (gene M. M. Popov) The Baltic States, ports on the Baltic Sea and Leningrad "Center" of General Feldmaster F. Bok Zapadny (General DG Pavlov) Minsk-Smolensk-Moskva "Yug" General Feldmaster Rshal G. Rundstedt South-West (general M. P. Kirponos), South (general I. V. Tyulenev) Kiev-Crimea

Results of the first months of the war. By December 1, 1941, the losses of the Red Army by prisoners alone amounted to 3.5 million servicemen. German troops captured Lithuania, Latvia, Belarus, Moldavia, Estonia, a significant part of the RSFSR, Ukraine, advanced deep into 850-1200 km, while losing 740 thousand people (of which 230 thousand were killed). The USSR lost the most important raw materials and industrial centers: Donbass, Krivoy Rog ore basin. Minsk, Kiev, Kharkov, Smolensk, Odessa, Dnepropetrovsk were left behind. He found himself in the blockade of Leningrad. The most important sources of food in Ukraine and southern Russia fell into the hands of the enemy or were cut off from the center. Millions of Soviet citizens ended up in the occupied territories. The strategic goals outlined by the Barbarossa plan were not achieved.

Army Group "North" July - the capture of the Baltic by German troops on September 8 - the capture of Shlisselburg by the German troops on September 10 - the Finnish troops took Vyborg

On September 8, the troops of Army Group North captured the fortress city of Shlisselburg and reached the southern shore of Lake Ladoga, and even earlier blocked the Leningrad-Moscow railway. After 900 days of the blockade, about 560 thousand inhabitants remained in Leningrad. The rest of almost 2.5 million Leningraders were evacuated or died during the days of the blockade from hunger, disease, bombing.

Uncle Vasya died on April 13 at 2 am. Uncle Lesha, May 10 at 4 pm. Mom - May 13 at 7:30 am. The Savichevs died. All died. There was only Tanya left (Tanya Savicheva, 12 years old)

Army Group South 11 July - 19 September 1941 - defense of Kiev 5 August - 16 October 1941 - defense of Odessa 30 October 1941 - 4 July 1942 - defense of Sevastopol

Army Group Center June 22 - July 23, 1941 - defense of the Brest Fortress July 10 - September 10 - Battle of Smolensk September 30 - German offensive on Moscow (Typhoon) December 5-6 - Soviet counteroffensive near Moscow

Battle of Moscow Stages September 30 - December 5, 1941 The offensive of the Nazi troops. Operation "TYPHOON": - three groups of troops from the areas of Klin, Vyazma and Tula to encircle and capture Moscow. - surround and destroy Soviet troops in the area of ​​Vyazma and Bryansk

Battle of Moscow October 7, 1941 encirclement of 7 Soviet armies in the Vyazma area (663 thousand people) October 19, 1941 - introduction of a state of siege in Moscow October 1941 - pulling up reserves from Siberia, the Far East, from Leningrad (58 rifle and 15 cavalry divisions) October 30, 1941 - the first offensive was stopped. -ph. troops to Moscow

Battle of Moscow November 7, 1941 - a military parade on Red Square. Marshal S.M.Budyonny hosted the parade, commanded by the general. P.A.Artemyev November 15, 1941 - the second offensive of N. -ph. troops to Moscow.

Battle of Moscow December 5-6, 1941 - April 20, 1942 - Soviet counter-offensive Western Front (General G.K. Zhukov) Kalinin Front (General I.S.Konev) Southwestern Front (Marshal S.K. Timoshenko) April 1942 - liberation of the Moscow and Tula regions

Historical significance of the Battle of Moscow 1. The first major defeat of Germany in World War II; 2. Failure of the Barbarossa plan; 3. Japan and Turkey postponed the date of entry into the war; 4. Strengthening the international position of the USSR. 5. Improving the moral and psychological mood of the Soviet people 6. The United States entered the war (Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941)

The parties' plans. Winter 1942 German command: the capture of the Caucasus and Stalingrad. Soviet command: defensive battles, defense of Moscow.

Battle of Stalingrad 17.07.1942 -2. 02. 1943. Stages: I. 17. 07. - 18. 11. 1942 - the offensive of the Nazi troops (Plan "Fall Blay") July 28 - order number 227 "Not a step back!" forcing n. -ph. Don troops on August 25 - the beginning of the Battle of Stalingrad

Battle of Stalingrad n. -ph. troops - 6th army of the general. F. Paulus, 4th air fleet. owls. troops - 62nd army of the general. V.I. Chuikov, 64th Army of Gen. M.S.Shumilov, 38th division, general. A. I. Rodimtseva

Battle of Stalingrad The most difficult battles unfolded: - For the Mamayev Kurgan (height 100) - For the railway station - For Pavlov's house - For the elevator building

Battle of Stalingrad II stage 19.11.1942 -2. 03. 1943 (Operation Uranus) Plan. 1. The encirclement of the German troops in Stalingrad (by the forces of the South-West - General N.F. Vatutin, Donskoy - General. K. K. Rokosovsky, Stalingrad - General. A. I. Eremenko fronts) 2. Liquidation of the German troops in Stalingrad ( Operation Ring

Battle of Stalingrad 19-20 November 1942 - Soviet troops launched an offensive on 23 November 1942 - encirclement of 22 German divisions in the area of ​​Kalach 12-20 November 1942 - attempts of the Don Army (Field Marshal E. Manstein) to unblock surrounded by German troops January 31-February 2, 1943 - the surrender of German troops in Stalingrad

The historical significance of the Battle of Stalingrad 1. It marked the beginning of a radical change in the course of World War II 2. It aggravated relations between Germany and its allies 3. It strengthened the morale of the Soviet people 4. Soviet troops took possession of the strategic initiative along the entire Soviet-German front

Battle of Kursk Plans of the sides: German troops: Operation Citadel Counter-strikes by Army Groups Center (Field Marshal H. von Kluge) and South (Field Marshal E. von Manstein) from the Belgrod and Orel regions Soviet troops: exhaust the enemy in defensive battles, break them during a massive counteroffensive

Technique: NFV: tanks "Tiger" and "Panther" ShU "Ferdinand" fighter "Focke-Wulf-190 A" attack aircraft "Heinkel-129"

Technique: Sov. troops: tanks T-34 ACS SU-152 KV-1 (KV-1 s) "St. John's wort" Aircraft La-5 Yak-1, 7, 9 American Bell P-39 "Aircobre".

Battle of Kursk Stage I July 5 - July 23, 1943: July 5 - counter-preparation of the Central (General K. K. Rokosovsky) and Voronezh (General N. F. Vatutin) fronts, delaying the NFV offensive. July 9 - German offensive on the strip of the Central Front July 12 - oncoming tank battle in the area with. Prokhorovka

Battle of the Dnieper August 26 - December 23, 1943 Plans of the sides: NFV: defense "It is more likely that the Dnieper will flow backwards than the Russians will force it" (Hitler) Sov. troops: cross the Dnieper, liberate the coal mines of Donbass, liberate Kiev

Battle of the Dnieper During the operation, the front line stretched for 750 kilometers, and the number of people who took part in it from both sides reached 4 million. 2,438 people were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, which is more than in the entire previous period since 1939. 17,500 people received awards of various levels.

Historical significance November 6, 1943 Kiev liberated the most important industrial regions of Donbass and metallurgical centers of southern Ukraine Sov. troops were approaching the borders of Eastern Europe Demonstrated the power of the partisan movement ("Rail War")

Offensive operations of Soviet troops to liberate the territory of the USSR 1. November 3-13, 1943 - Kiev operation (November 6, Kiev was liberated) 2. January 14-27, 1944 - lifting the blockade from Leningrad (Operation Iskra) 3. April 8 - May 12, 1944 - Crimean operation 4. June 23 - August 29 - liberation of Belarus (Operation Bagration)

The offensive operations of the Soviet troops to liberate the territory of Europe 1. July 17, 1944 - the entry of the Sov. troops to Poland (January 17, 1945 the capture of Warsaw) 2. 20 -29 August - Jassy-Kishinev operation for the liberation of Romania (August 31, Bucharest was taken) 3. September 14 - November 24, 1944 - the liberation of the Baltic States

The offensive operations of the Soviet troops to liberate the territory of Europe 1. September 1944 - the liberation of Bulgaria 2. October 1944 - the liberation of Yugoslavia 3. December 1944 - February 1945 - the liberation of Hungary 4. January 13 - April 25, 1945 - Eastern Prussian operation (April 9 - the capture of Konigsberg) 5. April 1945 - the liberation of Austria

Berlin offensive operation April 16 - May 8, 1945. Plans of the sides: IAF: to hold the defense on the Eastern Front by forces of the Vistula (General G. Heinrici) and Center (Field Marshal F. Schörner) army groups and to conclude a separate peace with England and the USA Sov. troops: the storming of the Seelow Heights, the encirclement of the NFV by the forces of the 1st Belorussian (Marshal G.K. Zhukov), the 2nd Belorussian (Marshal K.K.Rokossovsky) and the 1st Ukrainian (Marshal I.S.Konev)

Berlin operation Stage I April 16-19, 1945 Seelow Heights is a ridge of hills located 50-60 km east of Berlin, on the left bank of the Oder. Their length is about 20, and their width is up to 10 km. They rise above the river valley by no more than 50 meters (14 rifle units, had more than 2,500 artillery and anti-aircraft guns and about 600 tanks).

Berlin operation II stage 19 - 25 April 1945 April 22 - street fighting began in Berlin April 23 ring around Berlin closed on April 25 - meeting of Soviet and American troops on the river. Elbe near Torgau

Berlin operation Stage III April 26 - May 8, 1945 April 27 - the capture of Potsdam April 30 - the storming of the Reichstag (scouts M. A. Egorov and M. V. Kantaria hoisted the Victory Banner over the Reichstag) May 2 - surrender of the Berlin garrison

Historical significance Germany's defeat in World War II Hastened the end of World War II Strengthened the international authority of the USSR

War with Japan Reasons for the entry into the war of the USSR: 1. Security of the USSR borders in the Far East 2. Commitments of the USSR taken at the Tehran conference

War with Japan To intimidate Japan, the United States subjected them to atomic bombing: August 6 - Hiroshima, August 9 - Nagasaki

War with Japan Forces of the Trans-Baikal (Marshal R. Ya. Malinovsky) of the 1st Far Eastern (Marshal K.A. Meretskov) and the 2nd Far East (General M.A.

War with Japan April 1945 - the Soviet government denounced the Soviet-Japanese pact of neutrality on August 8 - a statement that from August 9 the USSR would consider itself at war with Japan on August 17 - order of the command of the Kwantung Army to end resistance

War with Japan September 2 - the signing of the act of surrender aboard the battleship Missouri. End of World War II.

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