What can be cooked from squid: quick and tasty

The technology of laying a brick chimney itself is quite simple and straightforward, since, unlike the brick oven itself, the pipe usually does not have internal channels that are complex in configuration. However, despite the relative simplicity of the design, one cannot ignore the colossal significance of this department of the furnace, since the quality of heating the house and the safety of both the structure itself and the people living in it directly depend on it. Therefore, in order for all the work to be crowned with success, it is necessary to approach it with the utmost care, based on recommendations. experienced craftsmen and on the developed and tested design schemes.

When erecting a chimney, it should be remembered that the evenness of the inner walls of the channel is no less important than the aesthetics of the outer masonry. This circumstance determines not only the stability of the required thrust in the furnace, but also the duration of operation of the chimney without cleaning, since the smoke rising through the pipe leaves on smooth walls, without protruding solution and deepened seams, a much smaller amount of fuel combustion waste, and the channel overgrows much slower.

What are the types of brick chimneys?

Chimneys of brick ovens may have different types, depending on the place of their installation, the design of the stove, as well as on how many heating devices will be connected to the pipe. So, there are three main types of chimney brick pipes: these are mounted, root and wall.

• Wall mounted chimneys ... The most widely used designs are shell pipes... They are good because they are compact and do not take up additional space in the room at all, but simply are a vertical continuation of the oven.

They are erected on top of the last brick row overlapping the furnace, around the hole left. Then the pipe is passed through the attic floor, attic, rafter system and rises above the roof.

• Indigenous chimneys ... This type of pipe is installed in cases where it is planned to connect a metal stove to it, or several heating devices located on one or even several floors.

In addition to metal, such a pipe can be connected and brick ovens... This type of chimney is especially convenient in the event that it is necessary to build two stoves in the house in adjacent rooms. For example, a kitchen needs an oven with hob, and for the next room - only heating. In order not to lay out a separate pipe for each of them, a main chimney is built between the rooms, to which both heating devices are connected. To a pipe of this type, not only two, but also three to four stoves can be connected, located on different floors of the house. In any case, it is necessary to very accurately calculate the size of the internal channel of the chimney, otherwise normal draft may not be ensured when several devices work simultaneously. The answer to the question why can be different.

• Wall chimneys are built near the main (external or internal) walls or built into them. They can be used, just like the indigenous ones, to connect several stoves located on different floors of a building.

The convenience of this design lies in the fact that it is located, as it were, outside living quarters, without occupying their area. For example, on the first floor of the house a fireplace can be built and connected to the wall chimney (there the chimney will look more like a top-mounted one according to the principle of structure), and on the second floor a chimney pipe of a metal stove is cut in (like in the version with a fundamental requirement).

The disadvantages of this chimney option are the considerable cost of the project and the laboriousness of the work. Firstly, much more will be required to erect this structure. building material... Secondly, the chimney, if it is partially on the street, requires serious insulation measures, otherwise in winter period, with temperature drops, condensation will form in the internal ducts, which will significantly reduce the efficiency of the heater. Therefore, if this option of the chimney is chosen, then it would be more prudent to sacrifice the area inside the premises and bring the pipe along inner wall at home.

Parameters of brick chimneys

The main sections of the brick chimney

The brick chimney is subdivided into departments that have a purpose and are named differently. These features must be immediately clarified so that in the future it will be easier to understand the description of the pipe erection work.

1 - The head of the pipe. Laying out this part of the chimney, the bricks are shifted to the outside to form a kind of "visor", as if hanging over the lower sections, partially protecting the walls of the pipe from atmospheric precipitation.

2 - The neck of the pipe is located immediately under the head and has the same perimeter along its entire height, without protrusions, extensions or narrowings.

3 - "Otter" has a more complex masonry scheme, since it has a protective function. First, the "otter" masonry hanging over the gap formed at the junction roofing material and the walls of the pipe, closes it from the penetration of precipitation, and forms a space for the installation of waterproofing material. Secondly, its expanded walls become a guarantee of safety - at the place of passage through the roofing, due to the increased thickness, the necessary level of thermal insulation is created.

4 - A metal or other sheet (apron), mounted in the lower part of the otter, forms a kind of ebb, which closes the joint between the brick wall of the pipe and the roofing material.

5 - "Flare" - this expanded part of the pipe, located in the area of ​​its passage through the attic floor. The walls of the "fluff", like the "otters", are thicker than other flat sections of the chimney - this is necessary for fire safety, since the attic floor very often consists of flammable materials, and they should not be allowed to overheat.

6 - Construction roofing.

7 - The riser is a straight section of the pipe, which has an even masonry along its entire height and is located in the attic space from "fluff" to "otter".

8 - Attic floor.

9 - On top of the head, an umbrella-cap is very often fixed, which will protect the inner channel of the chimney from water and debris getting into it.

You may be interested in information about what constitutes

The main function of the chimney is to effectively remove the combustion products from the combustion chamber into the atmosphere. For this, the chimney is connected to numerous ducts in the furnace structure, with which it must interact harmoniously. If the stove and chimney are built correctly, in accordance with the developed parameters, then during the operation of the heater, good draft should be created inside the channels, which will contribute to the timely removal of smoke to the street. However, at the same time, this should not lead to the fact that the heat generated by it will literally fly out of the furnace "into the pipe". In a word, everything needs a "golden mean".

Chimney channel section

To select the correct parameters for the cross-section of the chimney channel, it is necessary to take into account the power of the furnace, as well as the size of the combustion chamber. The flue ducts will stay clean longer if their inner walls are made smooth, without protrusions and rushes of solution.

For this reason, during the laying of bricks, excess masonry mortar protruding in the seams must be cleaned not only from the outer, but also from the inner walls. Some owners of houses equipped with fireplaces or stoves use another way to achieve the smoothness of the channel walls - a ceramic pipe, called an insert, is installed inside the brick chimney.

The advantage of this design is not only that the insert has absolutely smooth inner walls. It is round in cross-section, that is, it has no corners, which means that the smoke flows will not encounter obstacles in their path, and thus unnecessary turbulence and the effect of "reverse draft" will not be created.

On the right, the illustration shows the "ideal" movement of the flow of hot gases, which in the pipe round section twist into a regular spiral and do not encounter resistance.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account the fact that chimneys with a large width, which are still installed in old houses, often have poor draft. This is due to the fact that the air heated in the furnace in a large space inside the pipe cools quickly, which leads to the formation of condensate, which helps to reduce the draft, also smoke the premises, and quickly overgrow the channel with soot. To heat a stove with this chimney design will require too much fuel. Therefore, it will be most rational to fix them by dismantling the wide upper part of the chimney, then narrowing the shaft and installing a round or square with rounded corners, ceramic, metal or asbestos insert in it.

Now from the form to the linear parameters. The size of the inner section of the chimney is one of the most important characteristics, since the efficiency of the furnace directly depends on it. The correct ratio of the power of the heater and the dimensions of the pipe section must be observed. Another guideline for determining the correct size of the channel can be the opening of the blowing door - in any case, the pipe section should not be less than the blowing opening.

The section of the chimney shaft, relative to the size of the combustion chamber window, can be determined as follows. For fireplaces with an open firebox, the chimney opening is 1:10 on average. However, depending on the shape of the section and the height of the pipe, this indicator may vary in one direction or another. The approximate values ​​of the channel cross-sectional area (in percent) are given in the table below.

Ratiof /F in% (f - cross-sectional area of ​​the chimney channel;F is the area of ​​the combustion chamber window)

It is clear that in addition to the size of the furnace window, it is necessary to build on the reasonable height of the pipe - it will look absolutely ridiculous, for example, a huge 10-meter pipe on the roof of a small squat country house.

The calculation itself is not complicated. From the table, based on the height of the pipe and the shape of its inner channel, the optimal f / F ratio is determined. Then, based on the area of ​​the furnace window, it will not be difficult to determine the area of ​​the chimney channel. Well, then, using geometric formulas, it remains only to bring the resulting value to linear dimensions - the diameter for round pipe or the length of the sides for a rectangle.

This calculation algorithm is implemented in the calculator below.

Brick is a material that is widely used in the world. It is a unified and versatile artificial building stone. Thus, a brick is used for the construction of multiple objects: country cottage area, house, industrial buildings and elements of these buildings. It is worth understanding the specific features of working with brick as the most demanded building material using the example of laying pipes from it.

Brick is a unified and versatile artificial building stone.

Bricklayer

As a mortar for laying bricks, it is best to use a cement-sand compound, in which the ratio of cement and sand is 1: 4-6. Its task is to eliminate the displacement of the bricks relative to each other. During the masonry process, the brick is heavily loaded by displacement and compression, however, not by rupture. Thus, this solution has a rather lean appearance. Sometimes, to increase plasticity, a part of clay or lime is added to it.

The main tools used in the masonry process:

• trowel (it is used to apply the solution);
• pickaxe (represents a hammer with a sharpened striker; used for undercut and splitting bricks);
• grinder (allows for a fairly accurate brick trimming);
• building level (helps to lay the brick evenly);
• plumb line;
• high strength cords.

Features of chimney pipes

Some people wonder what material is the right way to fold the chimney yourself. The answer to this question is obvious, however, there are some nuances that must be taken into account when choosing a specific one. Specific areas of application of bricks are diverse: with its help, they can produce cladding and masonry of walls of load-bearing, non-load-bearing type and other elements of structures. Apart from this, there is one that is used for laying foundations, walls, vaults and bricks for stacking a pipe, a production furnace.

Brick pipes, in turn, serve to remove flue gases during the heating of the furnace and to use the furnace without fear. A brick chimney is a profitable and reliable solution. Despite the fact that such structures are used quite actively, there should be no problems with finding a decent employee. A traditional brick chimney is installed at the stage of building a house. You can build it yourself as a self-supporting structure or as part of a building wall. Regardless of which channels will be placed in the chimney brick (chimney, ventilation, gas discharge), the construction process always has one algorithm.

The main components of the pipe:

• otter;
• roof;
• neck;
• metal cap;
• insulation;
• smoke damper;
• rafters;
• cement solution;
• head;
• chimney;
• fluff;
• lathing;
• beam with overlap.

Rooftop accommodation

The pipe should be properly equipped in the immediate vicinity of the ridge of the roof, however, this is not always possible to implement, since the stove can be placed in a hard-to-reach part of the house. Thus, depending on where the oven is located, the height of the structure to be folded is determined.

In the case when the structure is located no further than 1.5 meters from the ridge, then its height should be 0.5 - 0.6 meters. If the distance from the ridge is 1.5 - 3 meters, then the head should be at the level of the ridge or even rise.

Laying fluff and otter

A fluff is a large expansion of the pipe in the area of ​​its intersection with attic floor... The main task of this component is to protect wooden coatings from fire and strong overheating. The correct thickness of the fluff should be at least one brick. In this case, a thermal insulating layer is simply necessary. The latter is best created using felt impregnated with a solution of clay or an asbestos sheet. A stove that is planned to be heated for more than 3 hours also applies to this rule.

In the case when it was not possible to create a layer of thermal insulation, it would be correct to increase the thickness to one and a half bricks. With an increase in the heating time to more than 3 hours, the thickness of the cut must be increased to two bricks without insulation or with the creation of a layer of thermal insulation.

The otter serves to prevent snow and rain from entering the attic through the cracks between the roof and the chimney. These slots are closed with a collar made of roofing metal.

The otter is a kind of pipe extension located above the roof. It looks like a small overflow, the purpose of which is to protect the house from the penetration of precipitation from the atmosphere. Reinforced concrete and brick can be used to create an otter.

This component consists of 10 rows:

1. The first row has five bricks.
2. The second row must be increased on both sides by one quarter of a brick (while on one side you need to mount an insert in three quarters of a brick, and on the other - in a quarter).
3. The third row is equipped with a canopy on both sides of the pipe.

45 degree roof otter masonry

Accordingly, the fourth and subsequent rows are necessary in order to increase the resulting canopy. The seventh row extends the canopy to three sides of the pipe. The eighth row creates a canopy on four sides. The ninth row is placed by analogy with the eighth (while the process is complemented by bandaging the seams), and the tenth is placed exactly like the first.

In order to guarantee the flow of water from the otter and the head and to protect them from various kinds of destruction, a cement solution is applied to the top of the structure, which is subsequently leveled and smoothed out.

Before starting construction operations yourself, it is advised to prepare chipped and broken bricks: three-quarters and plates, halves and fours.

Cladding of inner pipe planes

The inner part of the chimney is lined at the construction stage. This greatly increases the strength of the structure. It is possible to carry out the lining of the chimney using hard casing or soft corrugated pipes. In the latter case, the work is simplified. In addition, you can find a method of lining the inner planes of chimneys and pipes using metal foil with a polymer film.

External finishing

The outer plane of the pipe is finished mainly for insulation overall design... It will be about heating the riser. Pipe finishing can be performed using several technologies. One of the most common methods is plastering, which is carried out along the entire plane of the riser using lime-cement mortar, to which slag is added. It is worth noting that the slag must be sieved in advance. To do this, use a sieve with a maximum mesh size of 5 mm. The plaster should be laid on the pipe in two layers (each layer is 5-6 mm thick). In order to prevent the mortar from crumbling, it must be placed on a wire mesh, where the cross-section of the cells does not exceed 2 cm. During the drying process of the plaster, certain cracks may appear in it (they should be repaired with a similar solution).

Chimney. Peculiarities

The stove includes the placement of a chimney in the inside. Such channels are connected to the chimney and the firebox. The chimney can be either long or short, with one or several turns - chimneys. In particular, the latter are referred to as smoke channels. They can be horizontal and vertical, as well as release and lifting. The cross-section of the channels should be 252x252 mm (brick by brick), 130x130mm (in half a brick) and 250x130mm (in half a brick). The inner plane of the channels should have an even shape to reduce the resistance to gas movement. The task of absolutely each of the channels is to accumulate the heat of the exhaust gases and give it to heating the house.

Base for construction

A foundation is a component that you need to equip any chimney with. It can be folded from solid brick, stone, but it is mainly created using reinforced concrete. The base has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped and is at least 30 cm high.Its width and length are selected in such a way that it protrudes at least 15 cm from each side.However, the designer should always make a decision about its dimensions, taking into account the bearing capacity the mass of the pipe and its base. In addition, he has the right to determine the class of concrete and the number of required reinforcement.

In the process of creating the foundation of a brick chimney, it is important to take into account the parameters of the protective layer of the main reinforcement, which can be:

• 5 cm (if the base is made of lean concrete);
• 7 cm (if the foundation does not include insulation).

Remember! If the chimney is located in the interior of the house, then the sole of its base may be 50 cm below floor level. However, if the pipe is part of the outer wall, then the base of the foundation should be located at the depth of the foundation of the house, that is, below the freezing limit of the soil.

Chimney barrel

The minimum dimensions of channels made of bricks should be 14x14 cm, that is, 1 / 2x1 / 2. Depending on the purpose and efficiency of the channel height, it is possible to build a chimney with a larger section, for example, 14x20 cm, 20x27cm, 20x20 cm.

It is advised to fold these components in the form of a square or rectangle, the aspect ratio of which is 2: 3. For laying brick channels, the same mortar is used as for the construction of load-bearing walls of buildings. In the process of laying, the usual suture dressing is mainly used - a variable laying of spoon and butt rows.

The oven must have a smooth plane of the channels, without any depressions and protrusions. Thus, it is recommended to build them using steel or wooden templates. As the masonry progresses, the template is gently lifted up by the handles, thus ensuring the exact size and smoothness of the channel walls.

A brick chimney is usually erected with a deviation from the vertical (relative). In this case, the inner walls of the channels are laid using bricks perpendicular to the slope line. The outer side of the chimney shafts must be embroidered or plastered along the entire height, with the exception of areas of passage through fire-resistant coatings (for example, reinforced concrete).

If the channels of the brick chimney are laid in outside wall houses and if they pass through the attic, then the outer walls of the pipe must be made brick thick (25 cm) or additionally insulated, for example, with mineral wool.

Chimney complex

The most modern brick chimney mechanism is the chimney complex. It is a correctly assembled set of hollow-type modular blocks made of lightweight concrete. Insulated with mineral wool is mounted inside them. ceramic pipe... The systems are supplied in various pipe diameters: from 14 to 60 cm and can be used with any available heating equipment (boiler, stove, fireplace). These systems also make it possible to group smoke, ventilation and gas exhaust ducts into chimney with special combined modular components.

Wall fillet

Now a traditional kiln is being built in close proximity to the supporting structures of the walls. Moreover, it can be laid out not from brick, but, for example, from aerated concrete, expanded clay concrete or ceramic porous blocks of hollow type. In this situation, it is necessary to connect the structure of the pipe and the walls using anchors made of strip steel 1.5 x 20 mm or wire with a diameter of 6 mm. However, given the large dimensions of current wall materials, the anchors need to be folded in each row of the wall. In this case, the chimney must be laid at a minimum depth of 20 cm in order for the stove to function reliably.

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Last revised: 05/15/2017

The pipe is used to remove exhaust gases from a home stove or fireplace during their heating. There are two types chimneys: top-mounted - with its base rests directly on the furnace, and main - is assembled as a separate structure. For self-erection brick chimney, read this article with recommendations from the best masters.

Requirements

In accordance with the norms of SNiP (building codes and regulations), when building a brick chimney, as well as with its possible reconstruction, the following requirements are met:

1. When laying the working channel, no horizontal sections of the exhaust gas wiring should form. If it is impossible to do without them, it is allowed to use horizontal segments with a total length of no more than 100 cm.
2. When flat roof the outer part of the chimney rises above its surface by at least 100 cm.

At pitched roof the requirements for the outer part look somewhat different:

• if the distance from the pipe outlet to the ridge line is less than 150 cm, the first is at least 50 cm higher than it;
• if the specified distance reaches 300 cm, the pipe is installed flush with the ridge;
• when they are removed from each other at a distance of more than 300 cm, the upper cut of the chimney must coincide with the conditional line extended at an angle of 10 degrees to the horizon of the ridge.

Lower section masonry

Before folding a brick chimney, you should familiarize yourself with its design from the following elements:

1. Sealant sealant.
2. The upper cone is made of "stainless steel".
3. Lightweight roof slab ("for lining").
4. Face masonry.
5. Thermal insulation.
6. Ventilation duct.
7. Fireclay channel.
8. Cantilever (base) plate.
9. Additional ventilation holes.

You will need such a tool:

• ordinary trowel (trowel);
• construction plumb line;
• electric drill with a nozzle;
• level of any type, roulette.

Note! A prerequisite the assembly of a brick chimney is to use for its masonry a prepared clay solution mixed with clean and dry sand. Make sure that the structure is vertical in relation to the horizon, carefully controlling it with a construction plumb line along the entire length of the exhaust duct. In the upper and lower parts, drive in a couple of nails and pull a strong twine between them, focusing on which you can control the strict verticality of the masonry.

Making "fluff"

The expansion of the chimney brick channel, arranged in the ceiling ceiling, excludes the possibility of thermal effects on the flammable parts of the ceiling structure.

This structural element it is usually made of either brick or concrete. But it is allowed to simply isolate the passage section with a special material that does not support combustion (basalt mineral wool, for example). In the latter case, the insulation plate is at least 10 cm thick.

Let's consider in more detail the arrangement of "fluff" from traditional material. It is necessary to strictly observe the order of laying, with the expansion of each subsequent row by about 4 cm.

Note! The height of the resulting element should not be lower than the inter-attic floor available in the structure. Upon completion of the construction of this part of the canal, the abutment to the building structure must be laid on all sides with a thick layer of special fire-resistant sheet asbestos with a thickness of at least 1 cm.

Upon completion of the "fluffing" registration, the remaining part of the chimney channel (up to the plane of the roofing) is laid in the same way as before the expansion, with the obligatory control of all plumb-line operations.

Arrangement of the "otter"

The chimney must necessarily have one more extension, called an "otter", arranged outside above the plane of the roof. Such a construct is necessary to protect the upper part from adverse climatic influences.

For buildings with different roof slope angles, the design of this type of element will have certain features, which you can familiarize yourself with in special sources.

Note! With all possible versions of the "otter", the laying of this section of the chimney is always carried out with the addition of dry cement to the masonry mortar in a ratio of 1:10 and the addition of a small amount of water.

The order of laying out the external extension

Two rows of bricks are laid from the roof level, the third row is placed with an offset in one plane outward by 1/4. It is important that the quarter shift is done in one direction only! Subsequent rows are stacked with exactly the same offset of 1/4, but it is already done from 2 lateral sides, that is, in the direction of two perpendicular planes relative to the offset of the previous row.

Make sure that the size of the inner canal does not change over the entire length.

Below is a selection of photos and diagrams of different designs of brick chimneys.

Photo

Making a brick chimney with your own hands is not the easiest task, but if you wish, you can do it, because the prices for this work are not small, and not everyone has the opportunity to pay a decent amount.

In a private house or a bathhouse, which is heated with a stove (gas or solid fuel boiler), one cannot do without a chimney.

It does not matter if you have a ventilation pipe and additional ventilation ducts in your house or bath, if the device is made gas boiler, solid fuel boiler or stove - a chimney is needed in any case.

Unfortunately, according to statistics, most fires occur due to an incorrectly installed chimney system or if the required repair of a gas boiler or stove was not done on time.

Therefore, if the structure requires repair, it is advisable not to delay with this moment.

It is necessary not only to follow all the rules for masonry, but also to use only high-quality refractory materials.

The photo below shows options for a chimney in a private house and a bathhouse.

Most often, brick or metal is used as a material. Let us also try to build a brick stove chimney structure.

Before building a structure, it will be correct to study its structure from the inside.

In order to correctly perform all the work and not be mistaken in your actions, there is a diagram of the structure of the chimney system.

From the outside it may seem that this is just a brickwork in the form of a pipe, but this is not at all the case. In fact, such a chimney consists of many parts, and each part is extremely important.

But which brick should you choose for the job? There is a large selection of this material on the market at different prices.

Special requirements are imposed on the brick for the chimney system: it must be of sufficient thickness and be fire resistant.

These requirements are fully met by the red oven bricks made from fired clay (mortar for masonry must also be free of combustible elements).

The prices for this brick are not small, but it also serves for a very long time.

Therefore, if you do not want to spend money on repairs in the future, it is better to fulfill all the necessary installation requirements and buy quality materials, including bricks, mortar and additional elements.

Now, let's look at the chimney structure diagram in more detail:

• Let's start with an overhead pipe located right in the oven. If the stove is designed for solid fuel material, it must have a small valve (metal is used as the valve material) with an opening that is 1.5 by 1.5 cm;
• After that, the location of the fluff follows, and the diameter of the channel section remains unchanged, and the dimensions of the masonry itself expand by about 30 cm;
• The riser is located directly on attic... This is a flat and straight part of the pipe that rises to the very roof;
• Further, the structure turns into an otter (part of the pipe expanding in all directions), which prevents precipitation from entering the room;
• A neck is placed above the otter in a brick chimney;
• The construction ends with the attachment of the head (the next expansion of the pipe).

At the very end of the structure, a cap or a weather vane is installed (in this case, metal is usually used as a material, and their size is selected individually).

The metal of the vane protects the head from harmful weather conditions and increases the draft of smoke inside the chimney. Now that we have a general idea of ​​the structure of the chimney, let's try to assemble it.

To make it clearer for you, the photo below shows detailed diagram buildings of a brick chimney for a gas or solid fuel boiler.

It should be remembered that before laying a brick chimney, it is necessary to prepare a mortar from clay with clean dry sand added to it (the solution must have a homogeneous structure).

The assembly of the structure should take place exclusively vertically and be controlled by a construction plumb line on the exhaust duct.

To do this, a nail is driven into the upper and lower parts of the structure, a fishing line is pulled between them, along which they will subsequently be guided, carrying out the device of the system.

The overhead pipe is laid in compliance with all the rules of brick bindings, connecting to the upper part of the furnace, gas or solid fuel boiler (when installing a gas boiler, it is advisable to also conduct additional ventilation ducts so that there is no smell of gas in the room.)

If there are already ventilation ducts in the room, but the smell of gas is still there, it means that the draft is not working well or the chimney is small. At the same time, ventilation ducts cannot be used for chimneys.

And if the ventilation ducts are located next to the chimney, they should have the same outlet height as the chimney itself.

Finish the laying by forming a fluff.

We make fluff

To eliminate the thermal effect on flammable parts and ceiling details, we expand the chimney brick channel in its ceilings. We carry out expansion using brick or concrete.

Alternatively, you can additionally isolate the passage section using special non-combustible materials(it is better to use basalt mineral wool).

In this case, the insulation layer must be at least 10 cm in thickness.

When making brick fluffs, we expand the subsequent rows of masonry by 4-5 cm.

After completing the fluff, the remaining part of the chimney duct (up to the roof itself) must be laid out in the same way as before the start of the expansion, checking the preservation of the vertical with a plumb line.

After completing the expansion of the pipe channel, we lay all its parts with a layer of refractory material (it is better to use sheet asbestos with a thickness of at least 1 cm).

The video below is filmed detailed process masonry fluff.

Riser device

We smoothly move to the attic and begin to produce the riser device:

• In order for us to bring the riser to the outside of the roof, it is necessary to make a small hole in the roof;
• We carry out the laying of the riser without unnecessary problems, since there is no need to carry out additional work in order for the pipe layout to expand;
• We bring the riser to the roof surface and smoothly move to the roof;
• On the roof, we continue laying the riser so that 1-2 rows of bricks rise above the roof.

Having finished working with the riser, we move on to the construction of the otter.

Otter clutch

In the chimney, there must be an expansion of the pipe on the outside of the roof, which protects the top of the chimney from the adverse effects of the external environment and weather conditions.

The otter is built from 9 rows of bricks so that each row is ¼ wider than the previous one. In this case, the installation of brick plates mounted in the smoke channel is mandatory.

This is necessary so that the dimensions of the hole itself remain unchanged. The device of the 4th row of otter bricks involves the arrangement of small projections in length.

The same protrusions are made during the laying of subsequent rows, so that their size can cover all possible space between the chimney and the roof.

After we carry out the laying of the rear ledge, thereby completing the otter device (in the 8th and 9th row of bricks, a ledge with a dressing is also formed).

At the same time, do not forget that a high-quality solution is needed for a good fixation of the otter.

The mortar is extremely easy to prepare: dry cement is mixed with a small amount of water in a ratio of 1 to 10 and mixed thoroughly (the consistency of the solution should be homogeneous and without lumps, then the masonry will hold well).

The solution is applied using a construction trowel, and the excess is cleaned with a spatula.

Neck and head device

The size of the neck directly depends on the height of the chimney. Professionals do not advise that the pipe is very high, because this leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the structure.

And at the same time, the pipe itself does not look very aesthetically pleasing on the roof (it is located on the roof of a bathhouse or on the roof of a private house - it does not matter).

In any case, it is necessary to follow certain rules and regulations and, according to them, choose the possible dimensions and height for the chimney pipe.

Then you need to fold the head. After we complete all the work by installing a weather vane or a cap.

As you can see, it is quite possible to build a chimney from bricks with your own hands for a gas or solid fuel boiler. The video below shows a detailed diagram of all the work performed.

Chimney for a bath

The requirements for the chimney system for a bath are special. In this case, it is required not only to install it correctly, but also to additionally insulate it (with the help of which material you should choose).

Fuel prices are constantly growing, and therefore additional insulation will help save money.

Scroll useful tips will help you to correctly install the chimney system in the bath and increase the efficiency of its work:

If the chimney from a stove or gas boiler is planned to be carried out not in a private house, but in a bathhouse or sauna, then it is necessary not only to make thermal insulation, but also to properly insulate the existing floors.

The surface of the walls is additionally protected with refractory sheets (it is better to take metal).

If it is not possible to insulate the room, then as an option, you can install special nets in the chimney (for their production, refractory metal is used) and place ordinary stones on them.

Warming up, they will generate additional heat, which is so important for the bath.

You can also install a regulator of the intensity of combustion, which will help to vary the required temperature.

The part of the chimney located on the roof of the bath must also be insulated (roofing or facing brickwork is suitable for this).

It is extremely important to insulate the chimney for a bath, because it will help to keep the heat in the room, which is so necessary for the steam room.

Chimney repair

Timely chimney repair is very important. It helps to correct problems and deficiencies in the operation of the chimney system.

Basically, repairs are required when the chimney was initially placed incorrectly, or the bricks began to collapse from time or external influence.

If a brick pipe begins to collapse under the influence of condensate or waste materials of combustion rising from the furnace, then there is no need to immediately replace the pipe or carry out complex repairs.

You can just sleeve brickwork using metal.

In this case, inside the chimney, they attach to its walls metal sheets(usually stainless steel).

The space between steel and brick is filled with insulating non-combustible materials.

At the same time, metal allows you to insulate the masonry and avoid spending the budget on expensive repairs (prices for repairing chimneys from professionals are simply off scale).

The chimney is. If everything is done in accordance with the technology, then the smoke will go up - outside, and the heat will spread throughout the room. The process of laying a brick chimney can be perfectly performed by a master or experienced builder... If you want to save time and money, you can build a brick chimney with your own hands for a layman, for this it is enough to adhere to a few recommendations.

During the laying of the chimney, it is necessary to adhere to some rules and regulations, thanks to which the operation heating system will be absolutely safe:

1. Eliminate the presence of horizontal sections, since exhaust gases will be deposited on them.
2. If the roof is flat, the outside of the chimney must be at least 1 m high.
3. In cases where the roof has a pitched shape, then it is necessary to calculate the distance from the place for the chimney to the ridge, if it is less than 150 cm, then it should rise by 50 cm in height, if about 300 cm - at the same level.

For the correct calculation of this parameter, it may be necessary to consult a specialist in order to comply with all fire safety rules and regulations.

We calculate the size and configuration

Before you start laying, you need to make some calculations. It is quite possible to cope with this process on your own. With the correct calculation, a high-quality chimney will come out, which means that the amount of fuel for heating will be minimized, all waste from combustion will go outside without difficulty, and fresh air will circulate in the room.

A correctly calculated chimney height parameter will allow organizing good draft, which means that the combustion process will be of the highest quality and most efficient.

Fire safety must be calculated depending on the thickness of the walls: wide ones will heat up for a long time, while one layer of brick will warm up in just an hour.

It is necessary to make calculations for each parameter individually, depending on the room, roof, and the type of heating system.

The second important preparatory stage is the choice of building material. When laying the chimney, only a brick is needed and cement mortar... It is very important to choose the right type of brick. It is worth choosing a refractory and of the highest quality type, in which all sides are as smooth and even as possible. The shape of each element must have identical dimensions.

Then you need to start the selection of components for the solution. The composition should include: sand, clay, water, cement. Each component affects the quality of the chimney: fine sand fraction, high-quality cement, clay without impurities. With such raw materials, you can independently build any chimney.

Chimney masonry tools:

• grinder (for cutting bricks of a certain size);
• ruler;
• marker (for data accuracy).

Before laying out a brick chimney, one must take into account important point- the layer of solution should be small to get strong and robust design... The masonry process is standard - as for the construction of any building: each row must be shifted half a brick to the side in order to obtain maximum adhesion.

When forming cutting and otters, experts recommend using metal rods, which must be built into the brickwork, but at the same time the reinforcement should not cross the smoke channel. How to make the chimney clogging to a minimum, so that the soot inside practically does not settle on the walls? It is necessary to smooth the walls of the structure with plaster.

During the construction of the chimney walls, small openings should be left so that the cleaning process does not bring inconvenience.

The riser must be folded in the attic (roof), while it must be made close to. A hole is made directly in it (or the roof is partially disassembled), through which the pipe will be led out. The height of the riser must be higher than the height of the ridge.

After about 10-15 rows, it is necessary to make a chimney neck, the parameters of which are optional. At the very end, equip a head, on top of which you can install a cap or a weather vane.

To complete the construction, you need to make fasteners and thermal insulation, which provides effective work heating system.

As you can see, you can build a brick chimney yourself, if you take into account the recommendations of specialists and follow the technology. To get acquainted with the visual processes, it is enough to watch a special video, which takes into account all the little things. If you have questions on the topic, then write them in the comments to the article.

Video

After watching the video, you can familiarize yourself with the technology of laying a brick chimney for a fireplace:

Schemes

Thanks to these schemes, you can carry out high-quality brickwork:

Photo