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    This time I would like to talk to you about one of the favorites of French perfumers - verbena. In nature, there are about 220 species of the Verbena genus, the Latin name is Lippia and this name is given in honor of the 16th century naturalist, originally from Italy, Augusto Lippi. These are shrubby and herbaceous perennial plants. For the most part, they serve as food for caterpillars of butterflies and animals and are of value only to these inhabitants of our planet. But! There are several species from this whole set that are of great interest to Homo sapiens (House of Reason), that is, to you and me. Let's take a closer look at them: medicinal verbena or Verbena officinalis is a plant with exceptional healing properties, odorless, used in herbal medicine; But the following is exactly what our today's conversation is devoted to.

    Verbena lemon, she is Lippia lemon, she is Lippia citriodora, she is Aloysia triphylla - that's how many synonyms! Not to be confused with lemongrass (Andropogon citralus), it is absolutely different plants, which both smell like lemon, and the cheaper lemongrass oil is sometimes used to fake the more expensive verbena oil.

    Verbena essential oil is obtained by steam distillation of flowering shoots, the percentage of extract yield from raw materials is very low, which determines its high cost.
    The birthplace of lemon verbena is the countries of South America: Paraguay, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay and Peru. This plant was brought to Europe by the Spaniards from their South American colonies in the 17th century. And in the 18th century, verbena, like ornamental plant planted in English gardens.

    What does vervain smell like?
    To obtain a valuable essential oil with a unique subtle, sweet-tart, delicate fruity aroma, the plant is cultivated in the south of France, in Tunisia and Algeria.
    It looks like a discreet shrub about two meters high with a rather dense crown with lanceolate light green leaves, blooms with small lilac-pink tubular flowers.
    Verbena is used in perfumery as an ingredient in fragrance compositions, often as a "heart note"; in cooking, for the preparation of liqueurs, soft drinks and teas, as well as in medicine, because it has bactericidal, toxin-removing, sedative, digestive and antipyretic properties. For those who like to sunbathe, cosmetologists recommend drinking a glass of juice with 1-2 drops of verbena oil to achieve an even tan without burning and age spots. In the Arab countries since ancient times it was considered an aphrodisiac.

    Verveine Fragonard
    This perfume is like a light breeze carrying the aromas of the gardens of the south of France, where they cultivate vervain, fragrant with citrus tenderness and freshness, which is a heart note with petitgrain and chamomile, the base note is Siamese benzoin and musk. So versatile that it will suit both women and men.

    White Wings Martine Micallef
    In the White Wings perfume, the initial note of verbena and anise inspires you to create easily and gracefully, forgetting about boring stereotypes, calls you to look into your wildest fantasies and realize your wildest dream. The heart note, where the rose reigns, will show the way to the Land of Dreams, where a bright, carefree and dazzling summer reigns eternally... The base note of the fragrance is rose and white musk.

    Pour Monsieur Chanel
    Coco Chanel was closely acquainted with such outstanding men as: Cocteau, Stravinsky, Picasso... Artists, designers, aristocrats, businessmen, Pour Monsieur perfume is dedicated to all of them, which is a symbol of eternal elegance, the ability to solve problems and cope with circumstances. It combines classic and sophisticated style.

    Din Dan Lostmarch
    In this unisex perfume, notes of lemon slices in sugar echo with notes of the most delicate peach color and bright verbena, the soloist in the base. Transparent-sparkling and cheerful aroma.

    Presence(s) de Bach Les Fleurs De Bach
    In the new fragrance of the Les Fleurs de Bach Presence(s) line, the composition of which is based on
    The therapeutic effect of the components of Dr. Edward Bach (not to be confused with the German composer Johann Sebastian Bach), one feels harmony, balance and peace of mind. The duo of verbena and lemongrass in the top note awakens energy, wild rose and honeysuckle in the heart note give a cool freshness, and in the finale you will hear the noble sound of pine and oak accords, which are softened by interspersed notes of wild apple blossom.

    Musk Etro
    In Musk, the top note of verbena, bergamot and grapefruit is designed to excite the blood with desires, the heart note: white flowers, sandalwood, cedar and guaiac wood will wrap you in a heady oriental bliss. In the base, musk and Indian sandalwood create a unique radiant aura for this fragrance.

    Other vervain fragrances: Daliflor Salvador Dali, Silver Rain La Prairie, Verbenas of Provence Jo Malone, L "Eau du Gouverneur Comptoir Sud Pacifique, Acqua di Parma Colonia Assoluta Edizione Riviera Acqua di Parma, Creen Irish Tweed Creed, Mouchoir de Monsieur Guerlain , Boucheron Homme Fraicheur 2008 Boucheron, Bois d`Orange Roger & Gallet, Brise de Lavande Il Profvmo, Very Irrèsistible Sensual Velvet Givenchy, Corps et Ames Eau de Toilette Apaisante Parfumerie Generale and others.

    Brand Noran (or Norana, both spellings are allowed) originally from the United Arab Emirates, according to legend, began its history in 1929. However, considering what exactly was happening in the territory of the modern UAE at that time, this statement does not seem so honest. The brand specializes in the production of analogues of the most popular fragrances. The brand gained popularity a couple of years ago with the release of Suzana, a clone of Baccara Rouge, damn similar to the original, only more sweetly sugary.

    BLU MEDITERRANEO FRAGRANCE REVIEW BY ACQUA DI PARMA

    The Acqua Di Parma brand began its history at the beginning of the last century and, in fact, would have been one of the first Italian perfume houses that gained popularity outside the homeland. At the end of the 90s, the brand experienced its rebirth, one after another, different fragrances began to appear, which are united by the spirit and culture of their country, and, at the same time, can please lovers of various trends. Today we will talk about fresh, citrus, colonial fragrances that are or could be included in the Blue Mediterraneo line, dedicated to the Mediterranean.

    SPRING FRAGRANCE SELECTION 2020

    Spring seems to have finally overcome winter. The wind is already warm and gives hope, the sun stays in the sky longer, the birds have returned to the cities, the snow gradually recedes, hides in shady lowlands, warm boots are replaced by light ankle boots, and hats move to the mezzanine for a long time. And the flavors on our shelves are changing. I want to wear more flowers, greens, suede, chypres. Today we have a universal selection in which everyone will find a fragrance to their liking.

    BOUCHERON PERFUME OVERVIEW

    Boucheron is a French jewelry house created in 1858 by Frédéric Boucheron. Crowned and simply eminent clients, such as the Queen Mother Elizabeth, the mother of the reigning Queen of England and the wife of King George VI, and even Elizabeth II herself, the first rich man Russian Empire Prince Felix Yusupov, boutiques in Moscow and St. Petersburg, opened at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries and disappeared during the years of the revolution, boutiques in New York and London. After the death of Frederic Boucheron in 1902, his descendants took over the business, and only in 1994 the Boucheron brand ceased to be a family business, becoming part of the Gucci Group. Since 1988, along with jewelry, the brand began to produce fragrances. The first of them was called Boucheron, it was created by Francis Delamont and Jean-Pierre Bethoir - a floral waltz around amber, civet and oakmoss. In 2017, the brand presented its boutique collection. We will tell you about it.

    OPERATING MODE OF THE STORE DURING THE NEW YEAR HOLIDAYS

    During the New Year holidays, the Perfume.rf online store of perfumery has the following work schedule..

    Verbena - herbaceous and semi-shrub ornamental culture, which is popularly called "pigeon grass". Verbena includes approximately 120 species and varieties. Among the wide variety there are both annual and perennial representatives.

    The main advantage of the plant is its unpretentiousness. It endures cold, can withstand frosts down to -4 degrees.

    What it looks like: photo of verbena and its flowers in a flower bed

    The height of the bush can reach 1-1.2 m. Stems can be of the following types:

    • creeping, erect and prostrate;
    • smooth or drooping.

    Verbena leaves, as well as their location, can be:

    1. whole, dissected or feathery incised;
    2. serrated or oval-elongated;
    3. rarely whorled.

    As for the flowers, they are also full of variety:

    • in the form of a 5-toothed cup;
    • in the form of a 5-bladed corolla;
    • collected with a brush, spikes or paniculate inflorescences.

    Flower color can be:

    1. dark blue and light blue;
    2. yellow;
    3. white;
    4. dark red;
    5. salmon;
    6. pink.

    Below is a photo of perennial verbena flowers.







    Varieties of flowers

    The high popularity of verbena in floriculture is due to the unpretentiousness, attractiveness of the flower and its wide variety of species. Below are the titles and descriptions various kinds verbena flower, as well as their photo:


    Important! The main advantage of verbena over other types of ornamental flowering crops is that it blooms for a long time and has a high seed germination even if they are stored for 2 years.

    Read more about the varieties of verbena Buenos Aires, Bonar and others.

    Where does it grow?

    This decorative culture arose on two continents at about the same time. These are American (from Chile to Canada) and Eurasian (Caucasus, Central Asia). Today, you can see some types of verbena even in the countries of the Far East and throughout Europe.

    For many varieties of culture the subtropical or tropical climate of South and Central America remains favorable. This is a wild plant. But in Russia, the plant grows only in the southern regions, where it is warm and quite humid.

    But due to long-term cultivation, it was possible to develop stronger, frost-resistant varieties that do not need to be closely looked after, while they give a lot of positive and good mood their appearance and unpretentiousness in care.

    Where can I buy a plant and what is the price?

    You can buy verbena seeds at any specialized store. the cost of packaging is approximately 30 rubles.

    What does verbena smell like?

    The smell of verbena is mainly similar to a delicate lemon aroma, which is very attractive. At the same time, soft-fruity and sweet-tart blotches are added to the lemon note in different varieties.

    Care rules

    Cultivation of vervain is absolutely simple, so this is a unique opportunity for those who are just about to start growing. decorative flower at home. Care is reduced to the following activities:


    Reproduction methods

    seeds

    The seed method of reproduction is suitable even for the most inexperienced grower. For landing optimum time March is considered. In winter, the germination process is slow, and as soon as spring comes, the plants come to life faster. You can see the first shoots in 2 weeks.

    Just before planting, verbena seeds should be soaked in a biostimulator in advance. It allows the plant to grow and develop faster. In an already prepared container filled with a moist substrate, evenly lay planting material. Cover the container with glass and film to create a greenhouse effect.

    REFERENCE! The seed container must be in dark room, where temperature regime is 25 degrees. If the indicated temperature was observed, then after 3 days the first sprouts will hatch.

    After their formation, set the container with seedlings in a cooler climate.

    Irrigation is carried out by spraying. Excessive soil moisture is unacceptable. When planting seeds in separate cups, picking is not required. If you grow seedlings in large containers, then as soon as the first leaf is formed, you have to pick.

    After transplanting young plants into separate containers, you need to wait 2 weeks so that they can take root. After that, you can make nitrogen-containing top dressing. In tall plants, in order to form a lush bush, it is necessary to pinch the top at the initial stages of development.

    Transplant seedlings to open ground stands in early June. Just before these, pre-harden it. To do this, take the seedlings out into the street, increasing the time of such a “walk” every day. During planting, keep a distance between plants of 20-30 cm.

    cuttings

    Performed in the spring. To do this, you need to use the upper shoots. Cut them off as carefully as possible, leaving a stalk with 4 pairs of leaves. The lower part of the cutting should be cleared of foliage and deepened into the ground.

    Diseases and pests

    With proper care for verbena, it is possible to avoid the appearance of various diseases, because the immunity of the plant is quite stable. Problems can arise if gardeners water the flowers excessively or if the weather is too hot outside.

    Then there is a possibility of developing powdery mildew. This fungal disease at which the leaves begin to dry. You can cure it with cheese, using Saprol or Fundazol.

    The plant may be affected by aphids or mites. To get rid of them, you should use insecticides. Excessive moisture can lead to the development of blackleg, spotting and rot.

    NOTE! To fight with molds and nematodes that lead to the development of these diseases is quite difficult, so special attention must be paid to prevention.

    Conclusion

    Verbena is a popular ornamental crop that has excellent reviews and is in high demand among flower growers for its wide palette of shades and not picky in terms of care. You can use these flowers by planting them singly or in combination with other plants. In any case, the flower bed will be original and unique.

    Watch a video about growing and caring for verbena:


    A garden is a piece of paradise where nature, with our help, can concentrate treasures. Someone creates gardens in the traditions of the English style, someone - Dutch or Japanese, and some of us fell in love with the Russian style. There are many such places where the painstaking work of its owner creates its own piece of paradise, and can be exactly in its own style.


    Karel Capek once said: "... there are several ways to lay out gardens: the best of them is to entrust this work to a gardener." However, among designers and especially perfumers, many would argue with him, since they entrusted this work to themselves.


    “...and at the heart of each of his fragrances are the flowers of the garden where he played as a boy” - this can be said about the famous designer Oscar de la Renta.


    “Every moment in my corner of Ile-de-France is reflected in the smells that I am obsessed with ...” - and this is the brilliant perfumer Jean Paul Guerlain.



    “Many, many years have passed since then, but I still remember the complex and wonderful aroma winter garden of my early childhood” – Russian perfumer Konstantin Verigin.


    Having already become a great couturier, on the banks of the English Channel, he said that perfumery attracted him no less than his dresses.


    Russia is a combination of the beauty of ancient cities and front gardens, where woody, fruity, musky notes reign. And in every front garden there are lilacs, phloxes, carnations, ... and verbena. Small flowers collected in an inflorescence. Some flowers cause admiration like - Oh-oh-oh! others - Ah! And these modest flowers, which have a quiet, subtle, subtle aroma, cause a gentle smile in everyone. Yes, looking at them, I want to silently admire them, stand next to them for a long, long time, and smile at them.


    Sweet, tender verbena. The modesty of its flowers and aroma conceals a special power. And apparently the mystery of vervain attracts us. And if you look through the history of fragrances, we can be sure that there is a secret. It turns out that Egyptian priests prepared witchcraft potions from this plant. Even the name of the plant already explains what its purpose is. The name comes from the words Veneris vena - the vein of Venus or the vein of Venus.



    In past centuries, many people knew the secret of verbena - they knew that it was a plant of love, healing of the body and soul. But gradually many plants, including verbena, were forgotten. But now, in the modern world, when restless perfumers are looking for more and more new notes and shades in the mysterious sound of the world of fragrances, verbena has returned to shine brightly in the heart of the fragrance created by the hands of the perfumer.


    Perfumery - perfumes, eau de parfum with vervain flavor
    verbena is obtained by steam distillation. The oil has a fresh smell, slightly reminiscent of lemon. The smell is subtle with a fruity-floral flavor. Verbena essential oil is quite expensive. Its exquisite delicate aroma is used both for perfumery and for the preparation of expensive liqueurs.



    Aroma Colonia Assoluta, Aqua di Parma. In the heart of the perfume, verbena, combined with jasmine, hot pepper, amber and patchouli, gives the fragrance a special refined touch, its sound is mysterious, like a witch's potion.


    "A Scent by Issey Miyake" by Issey Miyake(Japan), eau de toilette for women


    Aroma with the smell of summer rain, fresh grass with floral notes, with powdery seductive undertones. The composition of the perfume contains citrus notes, hyacinth, jasmine, cedar, verbena, galbanum and moss.



    "Sonia" by Rasasi, UAE, perfume for women


    The aroma is unusual, which combines sweet fruity and floral shades, where sparkling cool splashes of lime and mandarin are wrapped in luxurious notes of rose, verbena. The aroma is like a warm breeze of a summer evening. The composition contains lime, bergamot, mandarin, honeysuckle, cypress, rose, verbena, honeysuckle, saffron, sandalwood, amber, vanilla, musk.



    "Verbenas of Provence" by Jo Malone(England), unisex cologne. 1995


    The composition sparkles with bright sunny citrus aromas, framed by precious notes of rose, jasmine combined with hints of juniper, sandalwood and oakmoss. And in the sound of this melody, the motif of witchcraft vervain is heard.



    Eau du Sud" by Annick Goutal(France), unisex eau de toilette. 1996


    Bright expressive shades of perfume fill with joy. It smells of fragrant gardens of Tuscany and Provence. Among the floral notes of jasmine, verbena scents herbs, citrus fruits that merge into a harmonious whole with aromas of sandalwood and vanilla. The composition contains citrus fruits, mint, basil, patchouli, jasmine, verbena, vanilla, sandalwood, vetiver, oakmoss.



    Eau de Reglisse Liquorice, from Caron (France), eau de toilette for women. 2006


    A summer fragrance that opens with pure hints of mandarin and basil, licorice and lemon balm. A perfume that will give you freshness and a delightful aroma of tea with hints of green herbs and verbena on a summer day. And the fragrance ends with sensual notes of ginger and musk, which, like a love elixir, will give women strength and power. Notes of patchouli, vanilla, nutmeg are heard in this seductive composition.



    4711 Aqua Colognia Melissa & Verbena, from Maurer & Wirtz (Germany), eau de parfum, unisex. 2009


    Melissa and verbena in the heart. Successful combination of these components creates a gentle, filled with peace, smell that resembles cool summer evenings, refreshes and surrounds with tenderness.



    "Rosissimo", by Les Parfums de Rosine(France), eau de parfum for men, 2010


    A beautiful rose fragrance with green, tart notes, with hints of leather, vetiver and moss. The fragrance of youth and charm, stylish and luxurious. The composition contains bitter orange, lemon, grapefruit, jasmine, verbena, rosemary, moss, fir, leather, vetiver, benzoin.



    "Very Irresistible Electric Rose", from Givenchy (France), eau de toilette for women. 2012


    The aroma of verbena and rose, combined with the aroma of fresh blueberries and white cedar, is unusually bright and light. It plays with warm undertones, it has an eternal theme of sweet languor. The fragrance seems to shine, enveloping seductive notes of citrus, rose, violet, verbena, basil, anise, blueberry, white cedar and musk.


    Citron, by Fragonard(France), unisex eau de toilette.


    Spring fragrance - fresh, light with the fragrance of flowers and herbs. But something warm, insinuating is heard in this fragrance, like a feeling of close happiness and joy. A virginal freshness that reminds us of spring is created by exciting verbena, lemon and citron.




    All these fragrances have managed to convey the attractive sensuality and charm of the light scent of this mysterious flower.



    Russia, Voronezh
    06.05.2013 11:03

    For some reason, this aromatic plant is constantly confused with verbena officinalis (Verbena officinalis). But they even belong to different botanical genera, although they belong to the same Verbena family. We bring to your attention a wonderful material by Elena Malankina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, dedicated to this interesting and useful plant.

    Yes, lemon verbena. Actually, the confusion is due to the huge number of names in Latin, while each country prefers its own. The most common is (Kunth), but besides it there are also synonyms: Verbena triphylla l'Herit., Aloysia citriodora Ortega ex Pers, Aloysia triphylla (L "Hér.) Britton, Lippia triphylla (L" Hér.) Kuntze, Verbena triphylla L "Hér., and very rarely Zappania citrodora Lam. The name of the genus Lippi comes from the name of the French botanist Auguste Lippi (1678-1704), who traveled around Africa and was killed by the local population in Ethiopia.

    Verbena was brought from South America to Europe at the end of the 18th century. The first European botanist to publish a description of this plant was the French Philibert Commerson, when he set out with Louis Antoine, Comte de Bougainville on a voyage around the world around 1767. In 1797 Casimir Gomez and Antonio Ortega Palau y Werder, professors of the Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid, named Aloysia citrodora in Latin and "Hierba de la Princesa" in Spanish in honor of Maria Luisa of Parma, Princess of Asturias, wife of the patron saint of the garden, Infante Carlos de Bourbon , Prince of Asturias and son of King Carlos III.

    She first appeared in England in 1784. This plant was very popular in Victorian England. Numerous fragrances have been created with the presence of the lemony note of verbena. In general, verbena was lucky to be mentioned in the literature. In 1854, in his famous poem "Sylvia", Alfred de Musset also mentioned this rarity:

    "Besides, a little vervain,

    Whose smell was felt ... "

    It was also the favorite scent of Scarlett O'Hara's mother from Gone with the Wind.

    At the beginning of the 19th century, verbena was brought to India, Martinique, Reunion, and also to Italy. It came to Europe as an ornamental plant, but then, to obtain essential oil, it began to be grown in the south of France and the French colonies (Algeria, Tunisia, Madagascar). There were attempts to grow it in the subtropical regions of the USSR (Crimea, the Caucasus, Central Asia).

    In France, for perfumery, the production of liqueurs and herbal medicine, it was cultivated in the immediate vicinity of Grasse, Cannes, Antibes, Nice. But when grown in Anjou, it already had to be covered in the winter.

    Its household names in European countries are associated either with origin or aroma (Verveine du Pérou - Peruvian verbena, Verveine citronnelle (French), zitronenverbene, citronenkraut (German) - lemon verbena, Verveine à trois feuilles - three-leafed verbena)

    It is a perennial shrub originating from America. It grows wild in Peru, Chile, mountains in the northeast of Argentina, in Brazil, Uruguay, where it grows mainly at an altitude of about 2000 m, rising to separate places up to 3500 m. Plant height at home is from 3.0 to 5.0 m in height, and in a temperate climate - from 0.8 to 2.0 m. This plant has straight branches, pale green, elongated (7-10 cm), leaves in whorls of 3-4 pieces. Leaves with a serrated edge and prominent essential oil glands on the veins on the underside of the leaf. The taste is spicy, slightly bitter. Inflorescences at the end of the shoot with small white flowers. Seeds in Europe are practically not formed.

    The raw material of this plant can be found in European pharmacies, sometimes its essential oil is used for colognes and perfumes. The leaves contain up to 0.9% essential oil, the main components of which are citral, limonene, geraniol, trans-ocymene, beta caryophyllene, germacrene D, and some sesquiterpenes. In addition, the leaves contain flavonoids, mainly flavones (slavigénine, eupafoline, hispiduline, etc.).

    In the form of dry raw materials and essential oil, verbena is confused with other species that have a lemon aroma, in particular with boldoo (Peumus boldus, family Monimiaceae), which also grows in Chile and is used by the local population for liver diseases and helminthiases, Moldavian snakehead, which is grown in many European countries, and, finally, with citronella, the essential oil of which is widely distributed and quite cheap, unlike verbena.

    Useful properties of lemon verbena
    Verbena and its aroma have an antipyretic, antispasmodic and mild sedative effect.

    Fresh and boiled, verbena leaves can be used as a rinse to soothe a toothache or as a compress for varicose ulcers.

    Often 4-5 leaves are added when brewing tea or picking, especially when other plants have an unpleasant taste. Sometimes verbena is brewed separately. This tea is recommended at night and is usually drunk with sugar.

    For the treatment of indigestion, flatulence, spasms gastrointestinal tract, dyspepsia, neurosis, headache, minor sleep disturbances, tinnitus, fatigue, brew 5-10 g of leaves in half a liter of boiling water and drink in 4 doses during the day for 3 weeks.

    Verbena is also considered a vasculotropic agent, which allows it to be prescribed in preparations for atherosclerosis and as a decongestant for vein diseases (varicose veins, heaviness in the legs, hemorrhoids, etc.).

    Sometimes it is used in European herbal medicine as an antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, for neuralgia, as a disinfectant and tonic.

    In moderation, verbena extract has an antioxidant effect that has been tested on actively training athletes. Verbascoside has been identified as responsible for this effect, which has shown a high ability to bind free radicals and may find interesting applications in the development of cosmetic, food additives or functional foods. In addition, verbena extract is active against the causative agent of thrush Candida Albicans.

    However, like any plant, in excessive doses it can cause irritation in the stomach.

    In aromatherapy, essential oil is used in the treatment of nervous system and digestive problems, as well as externally to treat acne and ulcers. Although there are disagreements among aromatherapists about the external use of verbena essential oil. Many believe that it causes skin allergic reactions.

    In the European Union, the use of distilled (obtained by steam distillation) verbena essential oil and its products in perfumery has been banned since 2009, but verbena absolute can be used in perfumery.

    In France, more than 500 tons of dried leaves are consumed, primarily for flavoring products, in particular tea. The quality of raw materials is judged by the intensity of the aroma and the rich green color of the leaves.

    The leaves are sometimes used in small amounts in cooking to make sherbet, ice cream or baked goods. Some cooks recommend vervain leaves for cooking white meat or fish, especially steamed fish, especially in oriental recipes that originally used basil, lemongrass, or ginger.

    In South America, it is used in the production of sweet dishes, liqueurs and as a sedative, as well as to enhance the taste of lemonade. In addition, they have long known about the ability of the smell of verbena to drive away aphids and fight ticks.

    Her destiny is a window sill
    In our conditions, lemon verbena can only grow as a pot culture, which is taken out into the street in the summer to “walk”. Verbena requires neutral soils that are fertile and well-drained. You need to place it on a sunny windowsill, and in the summer - in a sunny place.

    Seeds are sown in the ground and put in a warm place so that shoots appear faster. If there is a plant, vervain can be propagated by cuttings. They are sensitive to frost and can withstand only a few hours at a temperature of about -5 o C.

    Fertilizers are best applied once every 10-20 days or a little less often at the same time as watering. In the first half of summer, nitrogen and potassium are introduced for the intensive growth of fragrant shoots, and in the second half of summer they are limited to potassium.

    The plant, on the one hand, requires sufficient moisture for intensive growth of shoots, since during the period of drought it begins to lose leaves, but on the other hand, when waterlogged, verbena is susceptible to fungal diseases.

    Shoots can and should be cut several times per season. Store them dried or frozen for later use in the kitchen. The raw material retains aroma quite well.
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