What can be cooked from squid: quick and tasty

§2. Geographical location and borders of the Republic of Kazakhstan

" 1. Look at the political and administrative map of the CIS, define the geographical position of Kazakhstan among the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States. 2. Determine the latitude of the extreme points in the north and south and the longitude of the extreme points in the west and east of Kazakhstan.

Geographical position. Kazakhstan is located in the center of the Eurasian continent and in two parts of the world: a smaller part in Europe, and a large part in Asia. Therefore, for example, residents of the city of Atyrau, located on the Zhaiyk River, can travel from Europe to Asia every day. Many Russians have the same opportunity.

The area of ​​the republic is 2724.9 thousand km-’. In terms of territory, Kazakhstan is one of the largest countries in the world: it ranks 9th after Russia, Canada, China, USA, Brazil, Australia, India and Argentina. The area of ​​the republic is 5 times larger than the area of ​​France, 9 times larger than Italy, 11 times larger than England. The republic could accommodate such countries as Great Britain, France, Spain, Germany, Austria, Holland and Japan combined.

The territory of Kazakhstan stretches 3000 km from the Caspian lowland in the west to the Altai mountains in the east and 1650 km from the West Siberian plain in the north to the Kyzylkum desert and the Tien Shan mountain system in the south.

Kazakhstan is an intra-continental country, which is equally remote from both the Pacific and Atlantic, and from the Indian and Arctic oceans. The remoteness from the oceans and the vastness of the territory greatly affect the climate of the country.

The extreme western point of the republic (46 * 30 "E) is located

is located near lakes Elton and Baskunchak, and the extreme eastern point (87 * 20 "E) is located near the Buktyrma River.

The extreme northern point of the country (55 * 26 "N) corresponds to the southern latitude of the central part of the East European Plain and the south of the British Isles, and the extreme southern point (40 * 56" N) corresponds to the latitudes of the Caucasus and Mediterranean countries Southern Europe.

Kazakhstan is located in the southern latitudes of the temperate zone. However, if the countries of Eastern Europe, located in these latitudes, are distinguished by a moderately continental climate, and Western Europe - by a subtropical climate, then the territory of our country is characterized by a dry and sharply continental climate.

As we move into the interior of the continent in a latitudinal direction from west to east, the continentality of the climate increases. The mountainous regions of the southeast and east of Kazakhstan are distinguished by a wide variety of natural high-altitude zones. According to the geographic location, the country has four distinct seasons.

Kazakhstan amazes not only with its size, but also with natural contrasts. For example, when in the south, at the foot of the mountains, cherries and apricots bloom, in the north of the republic frosts and storms still rage. On the territory of Kazakhstan, as it were, there are harsh Siberia and sultry Asia. The natural zones of the republic are distributed depending on the geographical latitude, relief and other factors. From north to south, forest-steppe, steppe, semi-desert and desert zones successively replace each other.

Kazakhstan through the Caspian Sea has access to Azerbaijan and Iran, through the Volga and the Volga-Don Canal - to the Azov and Black Seas. A significant part our country - Hb1 is occupied by the plains that favorably affects The development of human economic activity.

Borders. The total length of Kazlkhstan's land areas is 13,394 km. along the Caspian Sea - 2000 km.

Kazakhstan in the west, north and north-east borders with Russia (7591 km). The eastern border of the republic from Altai to Tien Shan, the Khan Taniri massif - with a length of more than 1 782 km, is at the same time the state city of Rantz with the Chinese People's Republic. Kazakhstan

it borders on the following independent friendly states: in the south with Turkmenistan (426 km), Uzbekistan (2354 km) and Kyrgyzstan (1241 km).

In some places, the state borders of the republic coincide with the natural boundaries of the Caspian and Aral seas, Tien Shan and Altai mountains.

9*1. Give a description of the political and economic significance of the geographic location of Kazakhstan.

2*. Name the most important features of the geographic location of Kazakhstan and prove that they determine the main features of the nature of our territory.

3.In what part of the Northern Hemisphere is Kazakhstan located? Prove.

Tourist routes of Kazakhstan.

"A common land gives rise to a common destiny and history"

Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev. President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Natural and historical sights of Kazakhstan.

The total length of Kazakhstan's borders is over 14,000 kilometers.
Overland with:
Republic of Uzbekistan - 2150 kilometers,
The Republic of Kyrgyzstan - 1050 kilometers,
Republic of Turkmenistan - 380 kilometers,
Republic of China - 1660 kilometers,
The Russian-Kazakh border has a total length of 7,598.6 km. Of these, almost 6 467 km. falls on the land section, another 1,500 - on the river, 85 km falls on the sea border in the Caspian.
The territory of the republic stretches from the lower reaches of the Volga in the west to the foot of the Altai Mountains in the east - for 3000 km, occupying two time zones, from the West Siberian lowland in the north to the Kyzylkum desert and the Tien Shan mountain system in the south - for 2000 km.
The northernmost point of Kazakhstan is 55 "26" north latitude. - corresponds to the southern latitude of the central part of the East European Plain and the south of the British Isles (latitude of Moscow), the southernmost - 40 "56" N. - latitudes of Transcaucasia and Mediterranean countries of Southern Europe (latitude of Madrid, Istanbul and Baku). The state border of the Republic of Kazakhstan, unless otherwise provided by international treaties of the Republic of Kazakhstan, is established:
- on land - along characteristic points and lines of relief or clearly visible landmarks;
- at sea - along the outer limit of the territorial sea of ​​the Republic of Kazakhstan;
- on rivers (streams) - in their middle or in the middle of the main branch of the river in other reservoirs - in a straight line connecting the outlets of the State Border of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the banks of the reservoir.
Over the past years, a solid legal basis has been created for the delimitation of state borders within the CIS, in particular, the Agreement on the Creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States and the Alma-Ata Declaration, in which the parties recognized the inviolability of the existing borders. Declaration on the observance of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and inviolability of the borders of the CIS member states, bilateral Treaties on eternal friendship of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the Russian Federation, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Uzbekistan
The total length of the Kazakh-Uzbek border exceeds two thousand kilometers, while the length of the border of the South Kazakhstan region with the adjacent regions of Uzbekistan is about 800 kilometers.

The Republic of Kazakhstan is a central Eurasian state with a population of over 18 million people. The republic is located between the Caspian Sea, the Urals, Siberia, China and Central Asia. Find out who Kazakhstan borders on.

Kazakhstan is one of the largest countries in the world (9th in area), which has such a distinctive feature as the absence of direct access to the open sea.

By its outlines and almost twice the length from west to east (2.96 thousand km) than from north to south (1.65 thousand km), Kazakhstan on the map resembles a reduced copy of the Eurasia continent itself. At the same time, 85% of the country is located in Asia, and 15% in Europe.

Despite the vast occupied territory of Kazakhstan (2.7 million sq. Km), not many people live in the Republic.

Kazakhstan ranks 63rd in the world in terms of population. This means that in terms of population density in Kazakhstan there are 6.64 sq. km - 184th place in the world.

Such a low population density is explained by the predominance of deserts and semi-deserts among the natural zones of the Republic.

To understand what kind of international relations can be successfully built with neighboring countries, it is necessary to find out with whom Kazakhstan borders.

First, let's find out the general information:

1. The land borders of Kazakhstan have a total length of 13.39 thousand km.
2. The water border along the Caspian Sea accounts for 2.34 thousand km, where Kazakhstan borders with Azerbaijan and Iran.

Let's figure out which countries Kazakhstan borders on by land:

• In the north and west - with the Russian Federation.

Here is the longest border of Kazakhstan - 7.55 thousand km.

The border is mostly conditional. This is due to the fact that the countries are members of the Eurasian Economic Union, thanks to which market and customs relations between them are maximally facilitated.

• In the south, the Republic is adjacent to three Central Asian countries at once: Uzbekistan (border length - 2.35 thousand km), Kyrgyzstan (1.24 thousand km) and Turkmenistan (0.43 thousand km).

The boundaries are set to a large extent arbitrarily. But territorial issues between neighboring countries have long been settled.

• The Kazakh-Chinese border is located in the southeast. Its length is 1.78 thousand km.

The final borders between the countries were agreed in 2002.

To understand what potential Kazakhstan has in the development of international trade and economic relations with neighboring countries, it is necessary to understand with whom the Republic borders.

The convenient location in the practically central part of Eurasia provides Kazakhstan with immediate proximity to 5 countries by land and 2 along the water border.

Geographical location and population. Kazakhstan is located in the center of the Eurasian continent and in two parts of the world: a smaller part in Europe, and a large part in Asia. For example, residents of the city of Atyrau, located on the Ural (Zhaiyk) River, can travel from Europe to Asia every day. The Russians have the same opportunity.
The area of ​​the republic is 2724.9 thousand km2. In terms of territory, Kazakhstan is one of the largest countries in the world: it ranks 9th after Russia, Canada, China, USA, Brazil, Australia, India and Argentina. The area of ​​the republic is 5 times the area of ​​France, 9 times - Italy, 11 times - England. The republic could accommodate such countries as Great Britain, France, Spain, Germany, Austria, Holland and Japan combined.
The population of the republic is 15 million people, the capital is the city of Astana.
The territory of Kazakhstan stretches 3000 km from the Caspian lowland in the west to the Altai Mountains in the east and 1700 km from the West Siberian Plain in the north to the Kyzyl Kum desert and the Tien Shan mountain system in the south.
Based on its geographical position, Kazakhstan is equally remote from both the Pacific and Atlantic, and from the Indian and Arctic oceans. The remoteness from the oceans and the vastness of the republic's territory greatly affect its climate.
The extreme western part of the republic (46 ° 27 "E) is located near lakes Elton and Baskunchak, and the extreme eastern point (87 ° 20" E) is near the Vukhtarma River.
The extreme northern point of the country (55 ° 26 "N) corresponds to the southern latitude of the central part of the East European Plain and the south of the British Isles, and the extreme southern point (40 ° 6" N) corresponds to the latitudes of the Transcaucasus and the Mediterranean countries Southern Europe.
Kazakhstan is located in the southern latitudes of the temperate zone. However, if the countries of Eastern Europe located in these latitudes are distinguished by a temperate continental climate, and Western Europe is subtropical, then the territory of Kazakhstan is characterized by a dry and sharply continental climate.
As we move into the interior of the continent in a latitudinal direction from west to east, the continentality of the climate increases. The mountainous regions of the southeast and east of Kazakhstan are distinguished by a wide variety of natural high-altitude zones. In accordance with the geographic location in Kazakhstan, four seasons are clearly defined.
Kazakhstan amazes not only with its size, but also with natural contrasts. For example, when cherries and apricots bloom at the foot of the mountains in the south, in the north of the republic frosts still crackle and storms rage. On the territory of Kazakhstan, as it were, there are harsh Siberia and sultry Central Asia. The natural zones of the republic are distributed depending on the geographical latitude, relief and other factors. From north to south, they successively change: forest-steppe, steppe, semi-desert and desert zones.
Kazakhstan through the Caspian Sea has access to Azerbaijan and Iran, through the Volga and the Volga-Don Canal - to the Azov and Black Seas. Plains occupy a significant part of our country. This gives more opportunities for the development of human economic activity.
Borders. The total length of Kazakhstan's borders is more than 15,000 km, of which 12,000 km pass by land, and over 3,000 km along the Caspian and Aral Seas.
Kazakhstan in the west, north and north-east borders with Russia (6467 km). The eastern border of the republic from Altai to the Tien Shan (Khan-Tengri massif) with a length of more than 1460 km is also the state border with the People's Republic of China. Kazakhstan borders on the following independent friendly states: in the south - with Turkmenistan (380 km), Uzbekistan (2300 km) and Kyrgyzstan (980 km).
In some places, the state borders of the republic coincide with natural natural boundaries - these are the Caspian and Aral Seas, the Tien Shan and the Altai Mountains.

1. Using a physical map, describe the nature of the surface along which the borders of Kazakhstan run.
2. What countries does the Republic of Kazakhstan border on?