• What can be cooked from squid: quick and tasty

    Once upon a time there was an old man with three sons. The youngest was called Ivanushka the Fool. Once the old man sowed wheat. Good wheat was born, but someone just got into the habit of crushing and trampling that wheat.Here is the old man and says to his sons:

    - My dear children! Guard the wheat in turn every night, catch the thief!

    Illustrator Oleg Ramodin

    The first night has come. The eldest son went to guard the wheat, but he wanted to sleep. He climbed into the hayloft and slept until morning.

    He comes home in the morning and says: “I didn’t sleep all night, I guarded the wheat! I’m all over the place, but I didn’t see the thief. The middle son went on the second night. And he slept all night in the hayloft. On the third night, Ivanushka the Fool's turn comes. He put the cake in his bosom, took the rope and went. He came to the field, sat on a stone. He sits awake, chews a pie, waits for the thief.

    At midnight a horse galloped over the wheat — one hair of silver, the other of gold; running - the earth trembles, smoke puffs out of his ears, flame burns from his nostrils. And that horse began to eat wheat. Not so much eating as trampling with hooves.


    Illustrator Inna Anfilofieva

    Ivanushka crept up to the horse and at once threw a rope around his neck.

    The horse rushed with all his might - but it was not so! Ivanushka jumped on him deftly and grabbed hold of his mane.

    Already the horse carried it, carried it across a clear field, galloped and galloped - could not throw it off!

    Illustrator Inna Anfilofieva

    The horse began to ask Ivanushka:
    - Let me go, Ivanushka, free! I will serve you a great service for this.
    - Okay, - Ivanushka answers, - I'll let you go, but how can I find you later?
    - And you go out into an open field, in a wide expanse, whistle three times with a valiant whistle, shout with a heroic shout: "Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me like a leaf in front of the grass!" - I will appear here.

    Ivanushka let go of the horse and took from him the promise of wheat never to eat or trample on again.
    Ivanushka came home in the morning.
    - Well, tell me, what did you see there? The brothers ask.
    - I caught, - says Ivanushka, - a horse - one hair of silver, the other gold.
    - And where is the horse?
    - Yes, he promised not to go to wheat anymore, so I let him go.

    The brothers did not believe Ivanushka, they laughed at him to their hearts content. But since that night, no one really touched the wheat ...

    Soon after, the king sent messengers to all the villages, to all the cities, a cry to click:
    - Get ready, boyars and nobles, merchants and simple peasants, to the king's court. The tsar's daughter Elena the Beautiful is sitting in her high mansion by the window. Whoever on horseback reaches the princess, but removes the golden ring from her hand, for that she will marry!

    On the day indicated, the brothers are going to go to the royal court - not so that they can ride, but at least look at others. And Ivanushka asks with them:
    - Brothers, give me at least some horse, and I want to go and see Elena the Beautiful!
    - Where are you going, you fool! Do you want to make people laugh? Sit on the stove and pour the ashes!
    The brothers left, and Ivanushka the fool said to his brother's wives:
    - Give me a basket, I'll even go into the forest - I'll pick up some mushrooms!

    He took a basket and went as if to pick mushrooms. Ivanushka went out into an open field, into a wide expanse,he threw a basket under a bush, and he whistled with a valiant whistle, barked a heroic shout:

    - Anything, Ivanushka?
    - I want to see the Tsar's daughter Elena the Beautiful! - Ivanushka answers.
    - Well, get into my right ear, get out into my left!

    Ivanushka climbed into the horse's right ear, and climbed into the left - and became such a fine fellow that he could not even think of, not guess, say in a fairy tale, or describe with a pen!

    Illustrator Inna Anfilofieva

    He sat on the Sivka-burka and rode straight to the city. He overtook his brothers on the way, galloped past them, showered with road dust.

    Ivanushka galloped to the square - right to the royal palace. He looks - the people are apparently invisible, and in the high tower, by the window, sits Princess Elena the Beautiful. On her hand the ring sparkles - he has no price! And she herself is a beauty of beauties. Everyone is looking at Elena the Beautiful, but no one dares to reach her: no one wants to break his neck.

    Here Ivanushka struck Sivka-burka on the steep sides ... The horse snorted, whinnied, jumped - only three logs did not jump to the princess. The people were surprised, and Ivanushka turned Sivka and rode away.

    Everyone shouts:
    - Who is that? Who is this?

    And Ivanushki is gone. They saw where he rode from, did not see where he rode off. Ivanushka rushed into the open field, jumped off the horse, climbed into his left ear, and got out into his right and became Ivanushka the fool as before.

    He let go of Sivka-burka, picked up a basket full of fly agarics and brought it home:
    - Eva, what good fungi!
    The wife's brothers got angry at Ivanushka and let's scold him:
    - What kind of mushrooms have you brought? Only you alone have them!
    Ivanushka smiled, climbed onto the stove and sits.

    The brothers returned home and told the wives what they saw in the city:
    - Well, mistresses, what a fine fellow came to the tsar! We have never seen this before. I didn’t jump to the princess by only three logs.
    And Ivanushka lies on the stove and chuckles:
    - Brothers, dear ones, wasn’t I there?
    - Where are you, you fool, there to be! Sit on the stove and catch the flies!

    The next day, the older brothers went back to the city, and Ivanushka took a basket and went to pick mushrooms. He went out into an open field, into a wide expanse, threw a basket, he whistled with a valiant whistle, barked a heroic shout:
    - Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me, like a leaf in front of the grass!
    The horse is running, the earth is trembling, smoke is pouring out of his ears, flame is blazing from his nostrils. He came running and stood in front of Ivanushka rooted to the spot.

    Ivanushka Sivka-burke climbed into the right ear, and got out into the left and became a fine fellow. He jumped on his horse and galloped to the yard. He sees that there are even more people on the square than before. Everyone admires the princess, but no one thinks to ride: they are afraid to break their neck! Here Ivanushka hit his horse on the steep sides. Sivka-burka started to laugh, jumped - only two logs did not reach the princess's window.

    Ivanushka turned Sivka and rode off. They saw where he rode from, did not see where he rode off. And Ivanushka is already in an open field. He let go of Sivka-burka, and he went home. He sat down on the stove, sits, waiting for the brothers.

    The brothers come home and tell:
    - Well, mistresses, the same fellow came again! He did not jump to the princess by only two logs.
    Ivanushka and says to them:
    - Brothers, was it not I that was there?
    - Sit down, you fool, shut up! ..
    On the third day, the brothers are going to go again, and Ivanushka says:
    - Give me at least an inferior horse: I'll go with you too!
    - Sit, you fool, at home! Only you are missing there!
    They said and left.

    Ivanushka went out into an open field, into a wide expanse, whistled with a valiant whistle, barked a heroic shout:
    - Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me, like a leaf in front of the grass!
    The horse is running, the earth is trembling, smoke is pouring out of the ears in a column, fire is blazing from the nostrils. He came running and stood in front of Ivanushka rooted to the spot. Ivanushka climbed into the horse's right ear, and climbed into the left. He became a fine fellow and galloped to the royal court.

    Ivanushka galloped up to the high tower, lashed Sivka-burka with a whip ... The horse began to laugh more than ever, hit the ground with its hooves, jumped - and jumped to the window!

    Illustrator Inna Anfilofieva

    Then Ivanushka wanted to look at the princess's precious ring. As he unwound the rag, the whole hut began to shine!
    - Stop pampering with fire, you fool! The brothers shout. - You will burn down the hut. It's time to drive you out of the house completely!
    Ivanushka did not answer them anything, and again tied the ring with a rag ...

    Three days later, the king called again the cry: so that all the people, no matter how many in the kingdom, gather to him for a feast and that no one dares to stay at home. And whoever disdains the royal feast, his head off his shoulders! There is nothing to do, the brothers went to a feast, took Ivanushka the fool with them. We arrived, sat down at oak tables, at patterned tablecloths, they drink, eat, talk. And Ivanushka climbed behind the stove, into a corner, and sits there.

    Elena the Beautiful walks, treats the guests. She brings wine and honey to everyone, and she looks to see if anyone has her cherished ring on her hand. Whoever has a ring on his hand is her bridegroom. Only no one can see the ring ...

    She walked around everyone, goes to the last - to Ivanushka. And he sits behind the stove, his clothes are thin, his sandals are torn, one hand is tied with a rag. The brothers look and think: "Look, the princess brings wine to our Ivashka too!"

    And Elena the Beautiful gave Ivanushka a glass of wine and asked:
    - Why is it that you, well done, have your hand tied?
    - I went to the forest to pick mushrooms and got stuck on a branch.
    - Come on, untie, show!
    Ivanushka untied his hand, and on his finger the princess had the cherished ring: it shines like that, it shines like that!

    Elena the Beautiful was delighted, took Ivanushka by the hand, led him to her father and said:
    - Here, father, my fiance was found!
    They washed Ivanushka, combed his hair, dressed him, and he became not Ivanushka the fool, but a fine fellow, you just don't know!

    In kindergarten, and often at school, children are asked to draw an illustration for a fairy tale. At a young age, it is difficult to objectively assess their strengths, so often the child chooses a difficult topic. For example, he wants to draw a mermaid, a hero or Sivka-Burka. Many parents get lost and don't even know how to help. Therefore, today in the article we will answer the question: how to draw a Sivka-Burka with a pencil?

    Character story

    Before answering the question "How to draw Sivka-Burka?", You need to get to know the character better. It may seem strange to adults, because horses are all the same, well, maybe they differ a little in size. But this is not the case.

    A tale that has a folk origin is always allegorical. After all, it was with her help that children were taught and initiated into a complex system of pagan religion. Previously, it was believed that the horse is a guide to the otherworldly worlds. And if you read it more carefully, the fairy tale contains references to the fact that the horse is not quite real, it is rather a spirit, one might say, the patron saint of the family. Where is it mentioned? The discerning reader understands that horses of such a complex color, where gray, brown, and even brown, are mixed, simply do not exist in life. In the fairy tale, thus, they demonstrated that the animal belongs to the third generation of owners. So what color is the horse?

    Today, not all adults know what kind of strange colors were used to designate a horse, and there is no need to talk about children. They will not be able to understand without clarification that the description of the horse uses its color characteristics. Gray is white-gray, brown is dark brown, and brown is red.

    Making a sketch

    How to draw a Sivka-Burka step by step with a pencil? You need to start with a sketch. First of all, we outline the so-called dimensional container on paper, within which we will draw our character. This is also necessary so that the picture does not become very small in the process of work.

    Having outlined the dimensions, we move on to the designation of the parts of the horse. We outline the head, torso and croup with circles. Mark the line for the legs and neck. The main thing at this stage is not to sketch the horse along the contour, but to build it. Since if the proportions are violated, there will be no point in further work.

    How to draw a Sivka-Burka so that it looks like a realistic horse? To do this, it is imperative to trace the plasticity of the lines.

    The horse is one of the most graceful animals in the world. Therefore, you need to connect parts of the drawing with one line, without lifting the pencil from the paper.

    Working out a sketch of a horse

    We continue to analyze how to draw a Sivka-Burka. We already have a pencil sketch, now we will work out the details. First you need to draw the main parts of the animal, such as the head, neck, torso and legs. Don't start with the eyes or ears. Such small details can "move out" during the drawing process if you decide to slightly change the rotation of the horse's head.

    It is better to build an image of an animal by adhering to any of its photographs, since drawing an image from the head is not a good idea. Most of us do not have the opportunity to admire a horse every day, so our imagination can play a cruel joke with us. Having worked out the horse's body, we can move on to small details. These should be eyes, nose, ears, mane and tail.

    Hatching

    After we have drawn the Sivka-Burka with a pencil, we can proceed to shading. The style of work will depend on it. If we begin to shade the entire horse, and then select the light with an eraser, and apply shadows with a soft pencil, we will get a fairly realistic drawing of the horse.

    If this is to be achieved, then you can act this way.

    But still, remember that we are drawing a fairy-tale character, which is why, when creating it, you need to apply imagination. For example, paint the stars in the mane and tail, or equip the horse with fabulous horseshoes. But in any case, it is simply necessary to give a little volume to the animal so that the Sivka-Burka is not one-sided.

    Draw in a cartoon style

    How to draw Sivka-Burka in stages, if you do not adhere to realism? This is not to say that cartoon characters are drawn according to different rules than realistic animals. After all, a horse in a cartoon will not be recognizable if its legs are three times shorter, and the neck, on the contrary, is longer. Animation is somewhat similar to caricature: here you can distort the shape, but violating the basic proportions of the body is a taboo.

    To make Sivka-Burka more fabulous, at the first stage you can make his neck and legs longer, and his head smaller. But you must be aware that this is done on purpose, and not because it happened.

    If you decide to draw Sivka-Burka in a cartoon style, then it is advisable to give the picture a color. This will be fully justified. If you are drawing with a pencil and do not want to use paints, you can color the drawing with pastels or colored pencils. Brightness in this case will not hurt at all, but, on the contrary, will make the work more unique. To prevent the soft material from staining other works, the final touch will be to fix the lead or pastel. You need to use a special varnish. If this is not available on the farm, any hairspray will do.

    Once upon a time there was an old man with three sons. The elders were busy with the housekeeping, they were dandy and dapper, and the youngest, Ivan the Fool, was so-so - he loved to go mushrooming in the forest, and at home he was sitting on the stove more and more.

    It's time for the old man to die, so he punishes his sons:

    - When I die, you go to my grave for three nights in a row, bring me bread.

    The old man was buried. Night comes, the big brother needs to go to the grave, but he is either lazy or afraid, - he says to his younger brother:

    - Vanya, replace me this night, go to your father's grave. I'll buy you a gingerbread.

    Ivan agreed, took bread, went to his father's grave. He sat down and waited. At midnight the earth parted, the father rises from the grave and says:

    Who's here? Are you, my bigger son? Tell me what is going on in Russia: do dogs bark, do wolves howl, or is my child crying?

    Ivan replies:

    This is me, your son. And everything is calm in Russia. The father ate bread and went to the grave. And Ivan went home, picked up some mushrooms on the way. The older brother comes and asks him:

    - Have you seen your father?

    - Saw.

    - Did he eat bread?

    Ate. He ate his fill. The second night has come. The middle brother must go, but he is either lazy or afraid, - he says:

    - Vanya, go to my father for me. I'll weave some sandals for you.

    - Okay.

    Ivan took some bread, went to his father's grave, sat down, and waited.

    At midnight the ground parted, the father got up and asked:

    Who's here? Are you my middle son? Tell me what is going on in Russia: do dogs bark, do wolves howl, or is my child crying?

    Ivan replies:

    This is me, your son. And everything is calm in Russia. The father ate bread and went to the grave. And Ivan went home, the road again picked up mushrooms. The middle brother asks him:

    - Did your father eat bread?

    - Ate. He ate his fill.

    On the third night it was Ivan's turn to go. He says to the brothers:

    - I went two nights. Go now to his grave, and I will rest.

    The brothers answer him:

    - What are you, Vanya, did you become familiar there, you better go.

    - OK. Ivan took the bread and went.

    At midnight, the earth parted, the father rose from the grave:

    Who's here? Are you, my youngest son Vanya? Tell me what is going on in Russia: do dogs bark, do wolves howl, or is my child crying?

    Ivan replies:

    - Your son Vanya is here. And everything is calm in Russia. The father ate bread and said to him:

    You alone fulfilled my order, you were not afraid to go to my grave for three nights. Go out into the open field and shout: "Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me like a leaf in front of the grass!" The horse will come running to you, you crawl into his right ear, and crawl out into his left. Where you will become, what a fine fellow. Get on your horse and ride. Ivan took the bridle, thanked his father and went home, on the way again picked up mushrooms. At home, his brothers ask him:

    - Have you seen your father?

    - Saw.

    - Did he eat bread?

    - Father ate his fill and did not order to come again.

    At this time, the tsar called a cry: all good fellows, single, unmarried, come to the royal court. His daughter, Incomparable Beauty, ordered to build herself a tower with twelve pillars, twelve crowns. In this house, she will sit on the very top and will wait for someone from one horse gallop to jump up to her and kiss her on the lips. For such a rider, of whatever kind he may be, the king will give his daughter, Incomparable Beauty, and half a kingdom to boot. The Ivanov brothers heard about this and say among themselves:

    Let's try our luck. So they fed the good horses with oats, took them out, dressed themselves cleanly, combed their curls. And Ivan sits on the stove behind the chimney and says to them:

    - Brothers, take me with you to try your luck!

    - Fool, a patch! Better go to the forest for mushrooms, there is nothing to make people laugh.

    The brothers sat on good horses, twisted their hats, whistled, shouted - only a column of dust. And Ivan took the bridle and went into an open field and shouted, as his father had taught him:

    Out of nowhere, the horse runs, the earth trembles, flames emanate from his nostrils, smoke pours out from his ears. I stood rooted to the spot and asked:

    - What do you command?

    Ivan stroked the horse, bridled, crawled into his right ear, and crawled out into his left and became such a fine fellow that he could not even think of, guess, or write with a pen.

    He mounted a horse and rode to the royal court. The sivka-burka is running, the earth is trembling, the mountains-valleys are covered with its tail, the stumps-decks between the legs are letting in. Ivan arrives at the royal court, and there the people are apparently invisible. In a tall mansion with twelve pillars and twelve crowns at the very top, in the window sits the Princess Incomparable Beauty.

    The king went out onto the porch and said:

    Who of you, well done, with a scattering on a horse will jump to the window and kiss my daughter on the lips, for that I will give her in marriage and half a kingdom to boot.

    Then the good fellows began to ride. Where there is - high, not to get it! Ivanov's brothers tried, they did not reach the middle. The turn came to Ivan. He dispersed the Sivka-burka, shouted, gasped, jumped - he just didn't get two crowns. Soared again, scattered another time - I did not get one crown. He also spun, whirled, warmed up the horse and gave a prowl - like fire, flew past the window, kissed the Princess Incomparable Beauty on her sugar lips, and the princess hit him with a ring on the forehead, put a seal.

    Then all the people shouted:

    - Hold, hold it!

    And his trace is gone. Ivan galloped into an open field, climbed into Sivka-burke's left ear, and got out of the right one and became again Ivan the fool. He let the horse go, and he went home, picked up some mushrooms on the way. He tied his forehead with a rag, climbed onto the stove and lay down.

    His brothers come, tell where they were and what they saw.

    They were good fellows, and one of them was the best - he kissed the princess on the lips from flying away on horseback. They saw where they came from, but did not see where they left.

    Ivan sits behind the pipe and says:

    - Wasn't it me?

    The brothers got angry with him:

    - Fool - stupid and yelling! Sit on the stove and eat your mushrooms.

    Ivan slowly untied the rag on his forehead, where his princess struck with a ring - the hut was lit up with fire. The brothers got scared, shouted:

    - What are you fool doing? You will burn the hut!

    The next day, the tsar invites all the boyars and princes, and ordinary people, and the rich and the poor, and old and small, to his feast.

    Ivanov's brothers began to gather to the tsar for a feast. Ivan tells them:

    - Take me with you!

    - Where are you, you fool, to make people laugh! Sit on the stove and eat your mushrooms.

    The brothers got on good horses and drove off, while Ivan went on foot. He came to the king for a feast and sat down in the far corner. Princess Incomparable Beauty began to bypass the guests. He brings a bowl of honey and looks at who has a seal on his forehead.

    She walked around all the guests, went up to Ivan, and her heart ached. She looked at him - he was covered in soot, his hair on end.

    Princess Incomparable Beauty began to ask him:

    - Whose are you? Where? Why did you tie your forehead?

    - I hurt myself. The princess untied his forehead - suddenly there was light all over the palace. She screamed:

    - This is my seal! That's where my betrothed!

    The king approaches and says:

    - What a betrothed he is! He's bad, covered in soot. Ivan says to the tsar:

    “Let me wash my face. The king allowed it. Ivan went out into the yard and shouted, as his father taught:

    - Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me, like a leaf in front of the grass!

    Out of nowhere, the horse runs, the earth trembles, flames emanate from his nostrils, smoke pours out from his ears. Ivan climbed into his right ear, climbed out of the left and became again such a fine fellow that he could not even think of, not guess, or write with a pen. All the people gasped. Conversations here were short: a merry feast and for a wedding.

      • Russian folk tales Russian folk tales The world of fairy tales is amazing. Is it possible to imagine our life without a fairy tale? A fairy tale is not just entertainment. She tells us about extremely important things in life, teaches us to be kind and just, to protect the weak, to resist evil, to despise cunning and flatterers. The tale teaches us to be faithful, honest, ridicules our vices: bragging, greed, hypocrisy, laziness. For centuries, fairy tales have been transmitted orally. One person came up with a fairy tale, told another, that person added something from himself, told the third and so on. Each time the fairy tale became better and more interesting. It turns out that the fairy tale was invented not by one person, but by many different people, people, therefore they began to call it - "folk". Fairy tales appeared in ancient times. They were the stories of hunters, trappers and fishermen. In fairy tales, animals, trees and herbs talk like people. And in a fairy tale everything is possible. If you want to become young, eat rejuvenating apples. It is necessary to revive the princess - sprinkle her first with dead and then living water ... The tale teaches us to distinguish good from bad, good from evil, ingenuity from stupidity. The tale teaches you not to despair in difficult times and always overcome difficulties. The tale teaches how important it is for every person to have friends. And the fact that if you do not leave your friend in trouble, then he will help you ...
      • Tales of Sergei Timofeevich Aksakov Tales of S.T. Aksakov Sergei Aksakov wrote very few fairy tales, but it was this author who wrote the wonderful fairy tale "The Scarlet Flower" and we immediately understand what kind of talent this man had. Aksakov himself told how in childhood he fell ill and was invited to the housekeeper Pelageya, who composed various stories and fairy tales. The boy liked the story about the Scarlet Flower so much that when he grew up, he wrote down the history of the housekeeper from memory, and as soon as it was published, the fairy tale became a favorite of many boys and girls. This tale was first published in 1858, and then many cartoons were shot based on this tale.
      • Brothers Grimm fairy tales The fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm are the greatest German storytellers. The brothers released their first collection of fairy tales in 1812 in German. This collection includes 49 fairy tales. The brothers Grimm began to regularly record fairy tales in 1807. Fairy tales immediately gained immense popularity among the population. Obviously, each of us has read the wonderful tales of the Brothers Grimm. Their interesting and informative stories awaken the imagination, and the simple language of the narration is understandable even to kids. Fairy tales are intended for readers of all ages. In the collection of the Brothers Grimm there are stories that are understandable for kids, and there are also stories for older people. The brothers Grimm were fond of collecting and studying folk tales even in their student years. The glory of the great storytellers was brought to them by three collections of "Children's and Family Tales" (1812, 1815, 1822). Among them are “The Bremen Town Musicians”, “The Pot of Porridge”, “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs”, “Hansel and Gretel”, “Bob, Straw and Ember”, “Madame Blizzard” - about 200 fairy tales in total.
      • Tales of Valentin Kataev Tales of Valentin Kataev Writer Valentin Kataev lived a great and beautiful life. He left books, reading which we can learn to live with taste, not missing the interesting things that surround us every day and every hour. There was a period in Kataev's life, about 10 years, when he wrote wonderful fairy tales for children. The main characters in fairy tales are the family. They show love, friendship, belief in magic, miracles, relationships between parents and children, relationships between children and people who meet on their way, which help them grow up and learn something new. After all, Valentin Petrovich himself was left without a mother very early. Valentin Kataev is the author of fairy tales: "A pipe and a jug" (1940), "Flower - seven-flower" (1940), "Pearl" (1945), "Stump" (1945), "Dove" (1949).
      • The Tales of Wilhelm Hauff Wilhelm Hauff's Tales Hauf Wilhelm (11/29/182 - 11/18/1827) is a German writer, best known as the author of fairy tales for children. It is considered a representative of the artistic literary style of the Biedermeier. Wilhelm Hauf is not so well-known and popular world storyteller, but Hauff's tales must be read to children. In his works, the author, with the subtlety and unobtrusiveness of a real psychologist, put a deep meaning that prompts thought. Hauf wrote his Märchen - fairy tales for the children of Baron Hegel; they were first published in the "Almanac of Fairy Tales of January 1826 for the Sons and Daughters of the Noble Estates". There were such works by Hauff as "Caliph-Stork", "Little Muk", and some others, which immediately gained popularity in German-speaking countries. Focusing at first on oriental folklore, later he begins to use European legends in fairy tales.
      • Tales of Vladimir Odoevsky Tales of Vladimir Odoevsky Vladimir Odoevsky entered the history of Russian culture as a literary and music critic, prose writer, museum and library worker. He did a lot for Russian children's literature. During his lifetime, he published several books for children's reading: "The Town in the Snuffbox" (1834-1847), "Tales and Stories for the Children of Grandfather Irenaeus" (1838-1840), "Collection of Children's Songs by Grandfather Irenaeus" (1847), "Children's Book for Sundays ”(1849). Creating fairy tales for children, V.F.Odoevsky often turned to folklore subjects. And not only to the Russians. The most popular are two fairy tales by VF Odoevsky - "Moroz Ivanovich" and "Town in a Snuffbox".
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    Fairy tale Sivka-Burka

    Russian folktale

    Tale "Sivka-Burka" summary:

    The tale "Sivka-Burka" about how an old man, dying, asks his three sons to take turns spending one night at his grave.

    The older brother did not want to spend the night at the grave and asked the younger, Ivan the Fool, to spend the night instead of him. Ivan agrees. Father comes out of the grave at midnight. He calls the heroic horse sivka-burka and orders him to serve his son.

    Then the middle brother did the same as the older one. Again Ivan sleeps at the grave, and at midnight the same thing happens. On the third night, when Ivan's turn comes, everything is repeated.

    The king wanted to marry his daughter to a daredevil who would jump on horseback to the upper window of the tower, where the princess of incomparable beauty would sit, and would kiss the girl.

    For this he will give his daughter and half his kingdom as a dowry. The older brothers got together, they did not want to take the younger one. They left alone. And Ivan took the bridle that he had received from his father, went out into the field and summoned, as the priest taught, a horse.

    Sivka-burka is right there. He climbs into one ear of the horse, crawls out into the other and becomes a fine fellow. And goes for a portrait.
    And everyone began to jump, but barely jump to the middle. Then Ivan dispersed the horse and from the third time flew past the window, kissed the princess, and she put a seal on his forehead.

    The king summons people of all classes to a feast. The princess bypasses everyone - she looks at who has the seal. I reached Vanya and saw the seal. She happily led her to her father. Ivan's brothers are amazed.

    They washed Ivanushka, combed his hair, dressed him, and he became not Ivanushka the fool, but a fine fellow, you just don't know! It was then that the brothers realized what it was like not to be afraid and go to their father's grave, what reward could await them.

    The tale shows that you need to be patient, kind and hardworking and then you will receive gratitude for all your efforts. Teaches us to be humble and not brag about achievements.

    The tale of Sivka-Burka read:

    Once upon a time there was an old man with three sons. The youngest was called Ivanushka the Fool. Once the old man sowed wheat. Good wheat was born, but someone just got into the habit of crushing and trampling that wheat.

    Here is the old man and says to his sons:

    My dear children! Guard the wheat in turn every night, catch the thief!

    The first night has come. The eldest son went to guard the wheat, but he wanted to sleep. He climbed into the hayloft and slept until morning.

    He comes home in the morning and says:

    I didn’t sleep all night, I guarded the wheat! I’m all over the place, but I didn’t see the thief.

    The middle son went on the second night. And he slept all night in the hayloft.

    On the third night, Ivanushka the Fool's turn comes. He put the cake in his bosom, took the rope and went. He came to the field, sat on a stone. He sits awake, chews a pie, waits for the thief.

    At midnight a horse galloped over the wheat — one hair of silver, the other of gold; running - the earth trembles, smoke puffs out of his ears, flame burns from his nostrils. And that horse began to eat wheat.

    Not so much eating as trampling with hooves. Ivanushka crept up to the horse and at once threw a rope around his neck.

    The horse rushed with all his might - but it was not so! Ivanushka jumped on him deftly and grabbed hold of his mane.

    Already the horse carried it, carried it across a clear field, galloped and galloped - could not throw it off!

    The horse began to ask Ivanushka:

    Let me go, Ivanushka, free! I will serve you a great service for this.

    Okay, - Ivanushka answers, - I'll let you go, but how can I find you later?

    And you go out into an open field, into a wide expanse, whistle three times with a valiant whistle, shout with a heroic shout: "Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me like a leaf in front of the grass!" - I'll be here.

    Ivanushka let go of the horse and took from him the promise of wheat never to eat or trample on again.

    Ivanushka came home in the morning.

    Well, tell me, what did you see there? the brothers ask.

    I caught, - says Ivanushka, - a horse, one hair on it is silver, the other is gold.

    Where is the horse?

    Yes, he promised not to go to wheat anymore, so I let him go.

    The brothers did not believe Ivanushka, they laughed at him to their hearts content. But since that night, no one really touched the wheat ...

    Soon after, the king sent messengers to all the villages, to all the cities, a cry to click:

    Get ready, boyars and nobles, merchants and simple peasants, to the king's court. The tsar's daughter Elena the Beautiful is sitting in her high mansion by the window. Whoever on horseback reaches the princess and takes off the golden ring from her hand, for that she will marry!

    On the day indicated, the brothers are going to go to the royal court - not so that they can ride, but at least look at others.

    And Ivanushka asks with them:

    Brothers, give me at least some horse, and I'll go - I'll look at Elena the Beautiful!

    Where are you going, you fool! Do you want to make people laugh? Sit yourself on - pour the ashes into the ovens!

    The brothers left, and Ivanushka the fool said to his brother's wives:

    Give me a basket, I'll even go into the forest, pick up some mushrooms!

    He took a basket and went as if to pick mushrooms. Ivanushka went out into an open field, into a wide expanse, threw a basket under a bush, and he whistled with a valiant whistle, barked a heroic shout:

    Anything, Ivanushka?

    I want to see the Tsar's daughter Elena the Beautiful! - Ivanushka answers.

    Well, get into my right ear, get out into my left!

    Ivanushka climbed into the horse's right ear, and climbed into the left - and became such a fine fellow that he could not even think of, not guess, say in a fairy tale, or describe with a pen! He sat on the Sivka-burka and rode straight to the city.

    He overtook his brothers on the way, galloped past them, showered with road dust.

    Ivanushka galloped to the square - right to the royal palace. He looks - the people are apparently invisible, and in the high tower, by the window, sits Princess Elena the Beautiful. On her hand the ring sparkles - he has no price! And she herself is a beauty of beauties.

    Everyone is looking at Elena the Beautiful, but no one dares to reach her: no one wants to break his neck. Here Ivanushka struck Sivka-burka on the steep sides ... The horse snorted, whinnied, jumped - only three logs did not jump to the princess.

    The people were surprised, and Ivanushka turned Sivka and rode away.

    Everyone shouts:

    Who is this? Who is this?

    And Ivanushki is gone. They saw where he rode from, did not see where he rode off.

    Ivanushka rushed into the open field, jumped off the horse, climbed into his left ear, and got out into his right and became Ivanushka the fool as before.

    He let go of Sivka-burka, picked up a basket full of fly agarics and brought it home:

    Eva, what good fungi!

    The wife's brothers got angry at Ivanushka and let's scold him:

    What kind of mushrooms have you brought? Only you alone have them!

    Ivanushka smiled, climbed onto the stove and sits.

    The brothers returned home and told the wives what they saw in the city:

    Well, mistresses, what a fine fellow came to the tsar! We have never seen this before. I didn’t reach the princess by only three logs.

    And Ivanushka lies on the stove and chuckles:

    Brothers, dear ones, was it not I that was there?

    Where are you, you fool, there to be! Sit on the stove and catch the flies!

    The next day, the older brothers went back to the city, and Ivanushka took a basket and went to pick mushrooms. He went out into an open field, into a wide expanse, threw a basket, he whistled with a valiant whistle, barked a heroic shout:

    Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me like a leaf in front of the grass!

    The horse is running, the earth is trembling, smoke is pouring out of the ears in a column, fire is blazing from the nostrils.

    He came running and stood in front of Ivanushka rooted to the spot.

    Ivanushka Sivka-burke climbed into the right ear, and got out into the left and became a fine fellow. He jumped on his horse and galloped to the yard.

    He sees that there are even more people on the square than before. Everyone admires the princess, but no one thinks to ride: they are afraid to break their neck!

    Here Ivanushka hit his horse on the steep sides. Sivka-burka started to laugh, jumped - only two logs to the princess did not reach the window.

    Ivanushka turned Sivka and rode off. They saw where he rode from, but did not see where he rode off.

    And Ivanushka is already in an open field.

    He let go of Sivka-burka, and he went home. He sat down on the stove, sits, waiting for the brothers.

    The brothers come home and tell:

    Well, mistresses, the same fellow came again! Only two logs did not reach the princess.


    Ivanushka and says to them:

    Sit down, you fool, keep your mouth shut! ..

    On the third day, the brothers are going to go again, and Ivanushka says:

    Give me at least an inferior horse: I'll go with you too!

    Sit, you fool, at home! Only you are missing there!

    They said and left.

    Ivanushka went out into an open field, into a wide expanse, whistled with a valiant whistle, barked a heroic shout:

    Sivka-burka, prophetic kaurka, stand in front of me like a leaf in front of the grass!

    The horse is running, the earth is trembling, smoke is pouring out of the ears in a column, fire is blazing from the nostrils. He came running and stood in front of Ivanushka rooted to the spot.

    Ivanushka climbed into the horse's right ear, and climbed into the left. He became a fine fellow and galloped to the royal court.

    Ivanushka galloped up to the high tower, lashed Sivka-burka with a whip ... The horse began to laugh more than ever, hit the ground with its hooves, jumped - and jumped to the window!

    Ivanushka kissed Elena the Beautiful on her scarlet lips, removed the coveted ring from her finger and dashed off. Only he was seen!

    Then everyone made a noise, shouted, waved their hands:

    Keep it! Catch him!

    And Ivanushki was gone.

    He let go of Sivka-burka and came home. One hand is wrapped in a rag.

    What happened to you? - ask the brothers' wives.

    Why, I was looking for mushrooms, I pricked myself on a twig ...

    And he climbed onto the stove.

    The brothers returned, began to tell what and how it happened:

    Well, mistresses, that fellow this time jumped so that he jumped to the princess and took the ring off her finger!

    Ivanushka is sitting on the stove, but know yours:

    Brothers, wasn't it me there?

    Sit down, you fool, don't talk in vain!

    Then Ivanushka wanted to look at the princess's precious ring.

    As he unwound the rag, so the whole hut shone!

    Stop pampering with fire, you fool! the brothers shout. - You will burn down the hut. It's time to drive you out of the house completely!

    Ivanushka did not answer them anything, and again tied the ring with a rag ...

    Three days later, the king called again the cry: so that all the people, no matter how many in the kingdom, gather to him for a feast and that no one dares to stay at home. And whoever disdains the royal feast, his head off his shoulders!

    There is nothing to do, the brothers went to a feast, took Ivanushka the fool with them.

    We arrived, sat down at oak tables, at patterned tablecloths, they drink, eat, talk.

    And Ivanushka climbed behind the stove, into a corner, and sits there.

    Elena the Beautiful walks, treats the guests. She brings wine and honey to everyone, and she looks to see if anyone has her cherished ring on her hand. Whoever has a ring on his hand is her bridegroom.

    Only no one can see the ring ...

    She walked around everyone, goes to the last - to Ivanushka. And he sits behind the stove, his clothes are thin, his sandals are torn, one hand is tied with a rag.

    The brothers look and think: "Look, the princess brings wine to our Ivashka too!"

    And Elena the Beautiful gave Ivanushka a glass of wine and asked:

    Why is it that you, well done, have your hand tied?

    I went to the forest to pick mushrooms and got stuck on a branch.

    Come on, untie, show!


    Ivanushka untied his hand, and on his finger the princess had the cherished ring: it shines like that, it shines like that!

    Elena the Beautiful was delighted, took Ivanushka by the hand, led him to her father and said:

    Here, father, my fiance was found!

    They washed Ivanushka, combed his hair, dressed him, and he became not Ivanushka the fool, but a fine fellow, you just don't know!

    Then they did not wait and reason - a merry feast and for a wedding!

    I was at that feast, I drank honey-beer, it flowed down my mustache, but I didn't get it in my mouth.