What can be cooked from squid: quick and tasty

The air in the batteries interferes with the circulation of the coolant and reduces the heat transfer of the radiators. Therefore, it is customary to bleed (bleed) the air from the batteries. How it's done? You can find out about this from our article. Below in the text we will consider the process of removing plugs from heating systems with single-circuit, double-circuit and collector wiring.

Features of the wiring device

V modern houses use three types of wiring schemes:

single-circuit version with series connection of batteries,
double-circuit version with parallel connection of radiators,
collector version with insertion of each heating element into the distributor.

With a single-circuit scheme, all heaters are "strung" on a thread of the heating circuit and actually form a huge radiator. The double-circuit version involves laying two threads with a battery insert. Collector circuit based on the connection of each element to the boiler using a distributor (collector).

As a result, a plug in a single-circuit circuit can block all circulation. This problem does not threaten the two-circuit and collector versions. But if an air bubble enters the water, then one of the radiators will stop heating the room.

Therefore, such congestion must be removed from any routing. And the faster the better. How this is done, you can find out below in the text, where we will analyze the most effective techniques bleeding plugs from pipes and heating elements.

How to bleed air from a single-circuit system

To bleed air from you need to do the following: turn off the pump; add water by increasing the pressure; turn on the pump. The coolant flow will pick up the bubble and carry it into the expansion tank. And if you have an open expander in your house, the jam will go straight into the atmosphere.

If there is no pump in the wiring, then a boiler can be used instead. It must heat the coolant to the maximum temperature and then the air bubble will leave the water under the influence of the pressure generated as a result of thermal circulation.

In closed single-circuit lines, it is customary to cut a separate branch into the wiring with a valve at the end, the end of which is the highest wiring point. With this vent, you can bleed the air by opening the valve. Moreover, if the plug does not leave the pipes and heaters immediately, then you will have to repeat the manipulations with the pump and the valve for supplying water to the heating from the water supply.

In addition, it would be nice to cut into the extreme heater, the exit from which leads to the return pipe of the boiler, Mayevsky's unit or a regular ball valve. As practice shows, the bubble most often accumulates precisely in the upper part of the last single-circuit wiring battery.

How to remove air from a double-circuit wiring

To remove the blockage from you, you need to screw Mayevsky's tap into the radiator in advance, even at the installation stage. This valve is designed specifically to remove air from the heaters. And without it, it will be extremely difficult to remove the cork.

Well, the process of releasing the blockage from the heating system itself is as follows:

1. Open the valve on the water supply from the water supply to the heating system.
2. We put a 5 liter bucket under each drain.
3. We open all Mayevsky's taps.
4. We wait until only water comes out of the drains.
5. We close the taps, turn off the valve and pour out the water from the buckets.

The pressure of water from the water supply removes the plug, pushing it through Mayevsky's open tap. And if there is a little liquid between the drain and the air bubble, then it will simply drain into the substituted bucket. Well, after only water comes out of the drain, you can close it and turn off the supply from the water supply.

In this case, you do not need to turn on the boiler or pump. The required pressure is generated by the water supply itself. Moreover, in closed circuits, before opening the valve on the liquid supply line from the water supply, it is necessary to lower the expansion tank nipple, releasing the pressure in the pipes and heaters.

How to remove an airlock from a manifold system

Bleeding plugs from the collector heating system is possible only with the same Mayevsky taps. They cut into the free top corner of the heating element during assembly. Moreover, the collector structure is cleaned of blockages in almost the same way as the double-circuit heating lines.

To do this, you need to substitute a bucket under the tap on the radiator, close the valve on the return manifold, cutting off the heater from the boiler, and supply water from the water supply to the pipes. The pressure of the water will push the bubble and push it through the hole in the open drain. And the closed return line will not allow the bubble to move into the boiler.

At the same time, a decent portion of water can flow out of the battery, so the bucket under the tap must be at least five liters. And, most likely, at the very beginning it is water that will go out of the drain, followed by air. Therefore, you should not rush and turn off the tap.

After the blockage leaves the radiator, you should close the water supply from the water supply to the pipes and open the return line on the corresponding manifold. Having done this, you can turn on the boiler and pump.

How to find an air bubble in a heating system

An inflated area can be found by tactile sensations or by ear. In the first case, you go around all the radiators (in the direction of movement of the coolant) and touch them with your hand on the top and bottom. If one of the batteries turns out to be colder than the previous ones, then in this place, most likely, a problem has accumulated. Therefore, the Mayevsky tap must be opened at this particular battery, disconnecting (if possible) it from the return.

Sometimes the plug can be identified by sound. The battery, partially filled with air, continues to work, but the coolant circulating in its insides emits a characteristic murmur. And if you hear this "trickle" in the room, then just follow the sound and find the problematic radiator.

Moreover, the rare groans and squeaks in the pipes have nothing to do with traffic jams. In most cases, they signal possible pressure drops or water hammer in the valve. This, of course, is not very good, but it has nothing to do with the airlock.

Owners of private houses with autonomous heating face the problem of air in pipes and radiators.

But it is even more pronounced in residential and office buildings that are heated centrally.

Several methods are used to combat the airing of heating mains. We will talk about them below.

What is the danger of congestion

Air trapped in pipelines and heating radiators causes serious troubles:

Air locks prevent the normal circulation of fluid in the system.
As a result, it decreases or stops altogether. coolant flow to radiators.

The batteries do not warm up enough, and by reducing the temperature difference between their surface and the air in the premises, the efficiency of heat transfer decreases;
air and water are the cause of intense corrosion of internal surfaces.
Additional factors(for example, adding active chemical substances into the coolant with centralized heat supply) increase the risk of destruction of materials of pipelines and radiators, many times over.

Attention! Especially dangerous is the presence of air for aluminum radiators. Electrochemical corrosion of this metal occurs with the release of hydrogen!

Free hydrogen is an explosive gas.

In addition, depending on the pH level (determined chemical composition coolant) material and quality of protective coatings, contact of aluminum radiators (video of aluminum welding with an electrode, see inverter) with other metals, the process of electrochemical corrosion and hydrogen evolution proceeds with different intensities.

At a high rate of gas formation, it does not have time to rise up and creates high pressure zones inside the radiators.

This can compromise the integrity of the batteries.

Reasons for appearance in highways

Air in heating systems- a phenomenon that is practically inevitable. The reasons for its appearance are as follows:

Important! It is difficult to notice a small leak, since the heated coolant quickly evaporates.

Removal methods

How air is removed from the heating system?

The answer to this question depends on the configuration and mode of circulation of the coolant - artificial or natural.

What are air vents

To remove air from radiators and other elements, taps or valves are used.

Possibly use for air bleeding of ball valves- in houses of venerable age, they are often installed on old cast-iron radiators.

Lack of such equipment- low bandwidth.

When the air is removed, a significant amount of the heat carrier is also drained.

Consumers use this property to drain hot water, for household needs.

Air vents with a needle valve are more common today.

Manual Needle Valves(the so-called Mayevsky taps) are installed to remove air locks in heating radiators.

They effectively release the accumulated air, but due to the small diameter of the calibration and drain holes, they prevent significant losses of the coolant.

Mayevsky cranes - small-sized, easy-to-use devices.

Their use in district heating is fraught with some problems:

Automatic type

In automatic devices, the valve is controlled sensor signal. Float-type sensors are used in the design of the devices.

When the liquid level drops to a threshold value, the valve is unlocked and air is released.

An increase in the level of the coolant causes the sensor to be triggered and the valve closes.

Such devices function without human intervention..

Manufacturers produce horizontal and vertical automatic air vents.

The performance of these devices allows them to be installed on centralized heating lines, in places where air congestion is likely to occur.

Important! Automatic air vents are sensitive to the quality and purity of the coolant!

With district heating, multistage de-airing systems are most effective.

They include automatic air vents, in various places on pipelines, and Mayevsky taps, on radiators and indirect heating boilers ().

In this case, separate air bleeding from groups of devices, risers, etc. guarantees, practically, its complete removal and high efficiency of heat transfer.

Remember! The use of air vents leads to additional losses of the coolant during de-airing and an increase in pressure in the lines.

How to find a plug and restore circulation

The consumer, on his own, can remove the airlock only in those areas and elements of heating systems where manual air vents are installed.

The operation of automatic devices is monitored and maintained by specialists from organizations - suppliers of heat and housing and communal services with an appropriate level of professional training.

Not always, not enough warming up radiators - a consequence of the formation of an air lock.

Other reasons for this phenomenon:

insufficient coolant temperature,
losses in highways,
decline, etc.

Therefore, before bleeding air from the radiators, you need to make sure that the cause is in air locks, and determine the places of their formation.

Airborne airing is evidenced by:

uneven heating of heating devices.
An example is the heating of only the lower part of the radiators or its complete absence, while the temperature of the supply and return pipe indicates the flow of a hot coolant;
extraneous sounds in pipes and heating devices - gurgling, etc.;
coolant leakage (read how to repair XLPE pipes).

The place of formation of the plug is determined by light tapping on the surfaces of heating devices and pipe sections.

In places where air is accumulated, the sound turns out to be sonorous.

To bleed air from radiators, if they are not equipped with Mayevsky taps, loosen the cap.

Air comes out with a characteristic hiss... When the sounds stop and water begins to leak, the plug is tightened again.

The de-airing procedure on radiators and sections of systems with a Mayevsky crane is much simpler and more convenient.

Important! It will not be possible to remove air without leaking the coolant! Therefore, a container and / or rag for collecting liquid will not be in the way.

To bleed air:

turn the locking screw half a turn (turn) until a characteristic hissing sound appears;
the tap is left in this position until the sounds stop and a uniform stream of coolant appears from the drain hole;
turn the locking screw all the way.

If the problem cannot be solved, the procedure is repeated, draining a certain amount (up to 200-500 ml) of the coolant.

When this does not help, they clean the supply pipes and radiators.

Very important! In the case of aluminum radiators, it is imperative to comply with the requirements fire safety(read about equipment for aluminum welding).

Exhaust gas contains hydrogen- such a mixture is fire and explosive!

You can also try from the pipeline sections on your own.

For this, the shut-off valves on the supply pipes are closed in turn.

In each of the heating devices equipped with air vents, an attempt is made to bleed the air. In most cases, this will solve the problem.

How to remove the airlock without draining the water from the heating system, watch the video.

If in the autumn - winter season the batteries remain cold or barely warm, then, most likely, the heat supply system is airy. In any case, it will not be superfluous for the owner of the property to know how to bleed the air from the radiators in order to prevent situations when the operation of the equipment is ineffective.

Experts advise: before putting the heating system into operation, it must be properly prepared. If in multi-apartment buildings this procedure is performed by employees of public utilities, then the owners of the private sector have to provide themselves with heat on their own.

Danger of air lock in batteries

When an air supply appears in the device, this indicates that there will be problems with the heat supply and you need to immediately solve the problem of how to bleed air from the heating radiator. Its excessive presence will become an obstacle to the normal operation of the heating system. In addition, a corrosive process will begin on the walls of the batteries.

When the heating circuit is fitted with circulation pump, an airlock is likely to disrupt its functioning. If the system works correctly, the sleeve bearings located on the shaft of the pumping equipment will constantly be in the working environment.

During airing, the effect of "dry friction" appears, which negatively affects the sliding rings, which will disable the shaft. Therefore, it is so important to have information on how to properly bleed air from the battery. If you take the necessary measures in time, then it will be possible to prevent damage to the heat supply structure.

How to determine if there is an airlock

Before proceeding with the release of air from the heating radiator, first of all, you need to figure out the reason for its appearance in the circuit.

Typically, airing occurs:

after incorrect filling of the system with a coolant;
when mistakes were made during installation;
if there is insufficient pressure in the circuit, or the heat carrier is of poor quality, in which there is dissolved oxygen.

Also, the causes of an airlock can be:

loose connection of system elements, as a result of which the device sucks in air from the outside;
the absence of an air vent or it is installed, but does not function correctly;
holding renovation works associated with the replacement of radiators, risers, shut-off elements, as a result of which air has entered the system.

The following signs indicate the presence of airing:

the presence of gurgling and hissing sounds in the radiator;
lowering the degree of heating;
uneven heating of sections - in areas where air has collected, they can be cold.

The above situations happen quite often and all owners of apartments or private households face similar problems. Therefore, it is so important to figure out how to release air from the heating battery, because this can be done on your own, without the services of a plumber. As practice shows, usually an airlock appears in the radiators located on the upper floors of the building.

But sometimes the reason for airing is associated with the installation of a low-quality heating device, and then after bleeding the air, the problem will appear again and again. The fact is that there are materials for the manufacture of batteries that contribute to the appearance of gases. In this case, the problem is solved only by purchasing a new radiator.

Bleeding air from heaters

Before bleeding air from the radiator and from the system, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the features of this procedure and prepare tools and materials. It is important to understand how to bleed air from the battery correctly. You need to have a special key at your disposal that will help open the air valve on the battery. A radiator wrench works best for this job - you can buy it at a hardware store.

If you have to work with a modern battery, then a simple screwdriver will do. You should also prepare a container for draining the coolant and a few rags in case of an unforeseen situation.

Instructions for properly bleeding air from the battery look like this:

First, they examine the battery and find a small valve (Mayevsky's tap). It is located at the top of the device, sometimes there are several such devices.
Unscrew the tap until a hiss of air is heard. It is necessary to act carefully and smoothly.
A container is placed under the valve.
Wait until all the accumulated air has escaped. This is evidenced by a thin stream of water that has stopped bubbling. According to some experts, you need to drain about 2 - 3 buckets after the coolant begins to drain without gases. This is necessary for reinsurance, so as not to carry out this procedure again.
The valve is screwed back on.

In addition to the Mayevsky crane, it is possible to bleed air from the battery using automated air vents. They are intended for heating systems and remove plugs on their own.

These devices are compact and reliable, but you need to be careful, because the valves are unattended and even a minor violation of the process can lead to flooding of the basement or attic.

Sometimes situations arise when, during the installation of the heating system, special products were not installed, designed to eliminate air pollution. To release excess air from the device, a gas or adjustable wrench is required to unscrew the plug.

You need to do this work slowly. If the plug does not unscrew, and such situations most often occur with cast-iron radiators, special lubricant should be applied to the threads. After a while, the attempt is repeated. After you managed to unscrew the plug, they act in the same way as with a conventional tap.

At the end of the work, the plug is returned to its place, not forgetting to wind flax or FUM tape on the thread, which will prevent leaks and ensure the tightness of the connection.

If air has collected in the heating system of a private house, the coolant is drained using an expansion tank. This tank is located at the highest point of the heat supply structure. After draining the water, wait a little, then unscrew the tap on the tank.

As a rule, when the temperature in the battery rises, the plug is removed on its own. If the actions performed are unsuccessful, then the water in the heating circuit must be brought to a boil and then the air will certainly come out.

Knowing how to bleed air from the radiator and the system, you can avoid many problems. For prevention purposes, a similar procedure should be carried out before the start of the heating season. According to experts, two times (for verification and control) will be enough. If defects or breakdowns are found in the structure, then the number of descents is greater.

When aluminum radiators are installed in the apartment, then before starting the heating system, the water should be drained, due to which the service life of the devices will increase significantly.

Preventive actions

Of course, it is necessary to know how to properly bleed air from the battery. But it is much better that the airing of the system occurs as rarely as possible. To prevent this problem, you need to install an air vent.

Air collectors for heating systems are of two types:

manual - Mayevsky's crane;
float - automatic.

Each of these devices can be installed anywhere where there is a danger of an airlock. The Mayevsky crane has a traditional configuration, and air vents can be angled or straight.

In order not to hastily solve the problem of how to release air from the radiator and air the heat supply system, it is imperative to mount an air vent on each radiator.

The hand-held device makes it easy to remove the airlock, usually placed on the end of the battery. To do this, you need to have a special key at your disposal. The performance of a manual air vent is small and therefore it is used for heating systems operated at home.

Air vents of the second type operate in automatic mode. When using them, you do not need to unscrew or open anything, since the device does everything on its own. It should be installed strictly in a vertical or horizontal position.

But have automatic valve designed to drain excess air from the heating system, there is a drawback - it is highly sensitive to various contaminants. Therefore his quality work can provide an additionally installed filter that protects the device from them.

If air has collected in the heat supply structure, it is imperative to determine the cause of this problem, especially if there were no such situations before. The main thing in this case is not only to remove the airlock, but also to take all the necessary measures so that it does not reappear.

First of all, you need to check the heater for leaks, you may need to tighten the bolts somewhere, change the nuts, and better process the joints. There are times when the air vent is incorrectly installed or the automatic air separator is broken.

Summarizing

It should be noted that the problem associated with airing the heat supply system is quite relevant today. It often occurs both in private households and in urban areas. multi-storey buildings... There are many reasons for the formation of air jams.

As already mentioned, it is very important to understand why they appeared and know how to properly bleed the air from the battery so that similar situations do not arise in the future. By installing a special device - an air vent, you can forget about this problem and thereby extend the life of the heating system.

Some residents from time to time ask questions: how to bleed air from the battery and why do it?

You should know that if the radiator is cold in some areas, this means that air has accumulated in the heater, which interferes with its proper operation.

But before starting work, you need to find out if there really is an air lock in the radiator, which needs to be vented?

Step one: diagnostics

However, completely cold can indicate not only air congestion, but also a number of other problems:

too hot or too cold batteries in the room can indicate a breakdown of the water heater;
an unstable temperature indicates a blockage with a low-quality coolant - water;
find out if there is heating system leak, a thorough inspection of the floor surface under the radiator will help: if water has accumulated under it, then you must urgently call professionals or try to solve the problem yourself (turn off the heating and tighten the nut on the exhaust valve);
talk to your neighbors - perhaps the communal heating system does not have enough power. This is easy to find out: if the radiators of the residents of the upper floors are cold, and the neighbors from the first complain about boiling water in the pipes, then this indicates a clear lack of pressure in the heating system.

If it turns out that air has accumulated in the heating battery, then it is worth clarifying how it got there:

poor-quality connection of pipeline elements;
during the installation of the heating system, mistakes were made - for example, the Mayevsky tap is not installed on every radiator;
initially, the heating devices were incorrectly filled with coolant;
the air relief valve is defective;
elements of pipeline parts are not tightly connected or covered with cracks.

How to expel air from the heater? A plumber from the local housing office or "husband for an hour" will help to solve the problem.

However, in practice, there are also more advanced cases when the question of how to properly bleed excess air from the batteries becomes especially acute and requires an immediate solution.

For example, if there are several aluminum batteries in the room. Due to the interaction of material and low-quality coolant, chemical reaction, during which oxygen or hydrogen is released.

It is these gases that are capable of forming an airlock. It can also be detected by manual inspection, having felt the cold hollow area.

After finding the approximate location of the plug, open the nearest tap a little. The main thing is to proceed carefully to release the air.

We save radiators in the apartment

How to remove air? First you need to take care of correct selection tools.

So, for work, you need a radiator wrench, with which you can open the radiator valve located on the outside of the heater, adjust it and the radiator wrench will help.

This tool is sold in every hardware store. The main thing is to choose right size... However, in some houses, radiators are installed, whose valve can be easily opened with an ordinary screwdriver, which is in every house.

So, you should have a radiator at home and wrenches and a screwdriver to open the valve.

If air begins to accumulate in the radiator, then it will have to be expelled for a rather long time, so you need to protect yourself from injuries - for example, burns.

To do this, it is important to turn off the system. central heating- this can be done upon application to the housing office or on your own.

Otherwise, even more air will accumulate in a working heating system. So how to properly bleed the accumulated air from your home battery?

After turning off the heating system, wait until the radiator has completely cooled down.

It is necessary to make sure that the inlet and outlet valves are fully open: to do this, insert a radiator wrench or a screwdriver into the valve and carefully turn it counterclockwise several times.

Unmistakably, the air outlet will be indicated by a soft hissing sound, which you should hear.

Gradually, the batteries will be filled with coolant, which flows through the pipes of the heating system, and air will be displaced.

Pay attention to the drops flowing from the valve - when there are more of them, and water pours out of the battery under strong pressure, this means that you have vented all the excess air.

Now you need to close the valve by turning it clockwise and make sure there are no leaks. Remove any puddles under the battery and repeat the same procedure for all radiators.

Remember, prevention is key. Therefore, even if the problems are with only one battery, then everything should be checked.

And in general, you need to bleed the air several times a year, especially if cast-iron heating devices are installed in the apartment - this procedure will help to increase their service life.

Do not forget to check the pressure in the boiler located in the basement after work: after the air has been released from the radiator in one apartment, it decreases general indicator heating system pressure throughout the house.

If the numbers are too low, then the heat may not get into the apartments of the neighbors living on the upper floors - the system simply does not have enough capacity. Simply adding water to the boiler will help restore balance.

Universal methods for a private house

Bleeding air from the heating radiator of an apartment and carrying out a similar operation outside the city is not an easy task. But what to do - you have to sweat!

To release air, you need to fill the pipes with a coolant manually, thus displacing the excess.

For work, you will need running water, which will enter the house using an outdoor hose, and a little time.

Is there a constant accumulation of air in the pipes? To remove all unnecessary, open the make-up tap and do not abuse strong pressure.

Make sure that the pipes are filled evenly.

Remember that a strong water pressure will lead to the formation of an increased amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, which will subsequently be much more difficult to bleed off.

Are there any other ways to bleed air from the battery?

turn off the make-up tap;
use a special tool - the Mayevsky crane to open each valve that cuts off the boiler;
while filling the boiler, the air release valve will hiss a little;
after venting, it is necessary to increase the water level in the tank to two-thirds;
when the removal is completed, turn on the boiler to make sure that the heating device works stably and the radiators warm up evenly;
if some parts of the radiator remain cold, then they must be re-subjected to the bleeding procedure;
the operation of the system, after the air has been released, needs to be monitored for about a week.

It is impossible to bleed air from a radiator installed in a closed system alone.

For such work, an assistant will be required: one will monitor how the pipeline is filled and the pressure level readings, and the other will release air at the moment when the pressure gauge readings reach the required level.

When a mark of 2 Bars is set on the screen, the make-up must be turned off: the assistant at this moment needs to open the Mayevsky taps, and the other person must continue filling the system with the coolant.

In addition, the installation of a special membrane of the expansion tank, which is under stable pressure, helps to remove air from closed-type heating systems.

When the air lock is released, then its place is gradually taken by the coolant, which pushes the membrane.

However, this standard method does not always work. The difficulty in bleeding is that air can get into the most uncomfortable place - for example, the radiator knee.

In such a situation, it will have to be literally "squeezed out" by increasing the temperature in the heating system and adjusting the pressure to almost maximum values.

If this procedure does not bring results, then the bleeding air will have to be expelled through the split compartment. Observe safety precautions, otherwise you can easily burn yourself or flood the whole house.

If the heating system is made of polypropylene materials, it is easier to completely drain the coolant, and then fill the radiators correctly.

Summing up

There are many reasons why airing occurs in the heating system. So, radiators can fail due to a poor-quality coolant, which contains impurities and suspensions - the valves will simply clog up, and it is not easy to notice this right away.

Therefore, it is especially important to periodically flush the heating devices and check the serviceability of the valves. Otherwise, the batteries can cool down at the most inopportune moment - for example, in winter.

However, airiness in itself is not as harmless as it might seem. It turns out that a cold room and cold batteries are not the worst thing.

Worse, the air inside the radiator corrodes easily, resulting in a shorter life.

If you live in a private house and the heating system is autonomous, then the boiler is forced to work "idle", driving air through the heating system, and not the coolant, as a result of which the wear of the bearings increases, and the pump fails.

It is easier, of course, to prevent the occurrence of air locks - for this, the batteries should be given close attention during the repair.

It is necessary to use only high-quality radiators from trusted manufacturers or install a Mayevsky tap on each radiator, so that at any time it is easy to bleed air from a specific heating device.

An automatic air vent can be used, which will be able to control the operation of the entire heating system in an autonomous mode.

In addition, install additional valves that release excess air on the winding sections of the heater - in the places of bends and turns, because this is where traffic jams most often form.

If the article did not help answer the question of how to quickly bleed air from the battery correctly, watch the video on the topic.

During the operation of the heating system, it is often necessary to bleed off excess air inside the circuit. In addition, in order to avoid problems associated with the presence of air in the pipeline, it is also necessary to take measures to prevent air from entering the system in the future. How to bleed air from the battery and prevent it from getting there again will be discussed in this article.

Air damage in the heating system

First of all, you need to figure out what kind of danger the air trapped in it poses to the heating system. And the problem is quite simple - air locks in the heating system completely paralyze the operation of the heating system along its entire length or in a separate area.

It's all about a small pressure drop at the inlet and outlet of the system - this value usually does not exceed 0.2 kgf / cm. This pressure is not enough to level the difference in the level of density of water and air. Because of this, the upper part of the riser is completely filled with air, and the coolant simply cannot circulate. As a result, the apartments remain without heating, and when cold weather sets in, the system section completely freezes.

The problems described above do not end there. In multi-storey buildings, built in Soviet times, pipes made of ordinary steel are still used. Humidity in the heating system is high, and black steel under such conditions, upon contact with air, begins to collapse at a multiple accelerated rate. The result is predictable - at some point the system comes to a completely inoperative state. To prevent this from happening, you will have to figure out how to bleed air from the heating system.

Reasons for the appearance of air in batteries

At first glance, it may seem that the air in the batteries simply has nowhere to come from, because the heating system all year round is in a filled state. Nominally, this is how it is, as all existing standards say - but in practice it is simply impossible to maintain the tightness of the system all the time, and over time this provokes the removal of an air lock in the heating system.

Air appears in batteries due to the following factors:

Seasonal repair and maintenance work... The heating system must be checked and, if necessary, repaired at least once a year. According to the instructions, you need to fill the circuit after replacing each structural element - but it will take too much water, so housing and communal services do not go to such costs.
Replacement of heating devices... Another reason for the appearance of air in radiators is their replacement or transfer by apartment residents. Of course, every discharge of the riser can cause airing.
Physical processes... When all the valves are closed and the pipeline cools down, the volume of the coolant in it decreases. If in such a situation at least one valve is opened, the batteries will be airy, and you will have to think about how to bleed air from the battery.
Damage to system components... The weakest link in heating systems apartment buildings are cast iron radiators, which, when the heating is turned off, begin to flow due to thermal expansion. At some point, you have to solve a serious problem - change all the batteries in the entrance or simply reset the system before the onset of the heating season.

Air bleeding methods

To release air from the heating system, several methods are used, which must be chosen depending on two factors:

Heating configuration... Since there are differences in the systems of bottom and top filling, the air is vented from them in different ways.
Attitude to the heating system... Residents of apartments bleed air from batteries in a completely different way than professional locksmiths do - too different tasks requiring different solutions.

Before removing air from the heating system, you need to consider all the methods in more detail.

Bottom filling with user access

A distinctive feature of the bottom filling is the pairwise connection of heating risers. With this scheme, the supply and return outlets are located in the basement of the building, and valves are located between them by risers. Behind the valves, either plugs or taps are installed, allowing water to be drained if necessary.

The air present in the risers of the system is squeezed out into the upper sections of the paired risers during the lower filling. On the top floor (usually in apartments, but sometimes in attic) between the risers there is a jumper, near which a Mayevsky valve is installed, which allows air to be vented from the system.

To know how to expel an airlock from the heating system, first of all, it is necessary for residents of apartments on the upper floors:

The valve turns 180 degrees, and air will begin to escape from it with a hiss;
When water starts flowing from the radiator, the tap must be closed.

When living on any other floor, it will be enough to ask the neighbors from above to bleed the air into free time... In the event that, for some reason, it is not possible to agree with the neighbors, you will need to submit an appropriate application to the local housing organization. The main thing in this case is to ensure that the application is accepted in accordance with all the rules, and then, if problems arise with heating, it will be possible to demand a recalculation in the future.

Bottom filling with administrator access - airlock removal

It's one thing if a problem can be solved only from your own apartment or by contacting specialists. Another thing is if the role of a specialist can be played independently, for example, by gaining access to the basement.

The solution to the problem in this case is as follows:

Before removing air from the heating system, it must be bypassed, for which, first of all, the heating valve is closed and the sewer discharge located under it opens;
After completing the previous steps, the system should be given about 5-10 minutes to air out;
If the desired effect has not been achieved, the system must be bypassed in the opposite direction;
After bleeding the air, close the vent and return all the valves to their original position so that the heating circuit continues to function normally.

Individual risers with which there are problems can also be bypassed from the basement level. To do this, it is enough to close the valve of one of the connected risers and open the discharge. The likelihood of a successful air release in this case is quite high, and if one of the risers is used as idle, then the work will certainly be crowned with success.

Even if, instead of discharges, plugs are installed on the risers, there are a couple of ways to get rid of an air lock in the heating system:

The first option is to shut off both risers, dump them, and then change one of the plugs to a ball valve with a male-female thread. Of course, for such an option, the crane itself will be required - but its cost is low, and such costs are certainly worth it so that the heating system can continue to work.
For the second option, you need to close the valves located on the risers, and then unscrew one plug. The riser is put into reset mode, stops, and then the previous operations are repeated in reverse order. This method of air bleeding can be used only when the coolant temperature is below 45 degrees - otherwise, the person performing this work may seriously burn himself.

Top filling with administrator access

If an overhead filling is used in the building, this means the following: the supply point of the coolant is in the attic, and the return circuit is located in the basement. With this configuration, the risers are connected from below and from above, while having the same functional load, therefore, the system maintains an equal temperature within one floor.

Summarizing briefly, we can say the following - in the absence of experience and understanding of how the heating system works in apartment building, it is better not to think about how to bleed air from the radiator yourself. For example, when filling the top, there is a considerable risk of flooding the apartments located on the upper floors, so it is better to entrust this work to specialists from a housing company.

How to bleed air from batteries in a private house

In private houses, a situation may also arise in which air appears in the heating system. It is rather important not how the heating system in a private house is ventilated, but how to get rid of unnecessary air. There is no universal solution to this problem - the heating of a private house is usually designed individually, therefore the assembled structure has a lot of its own nuances.

However, in all types of heating systems, there are similar features that need to be studied before bleeding air from the battery:

If the heating has forced circulation, then special air outlet elements are always installed near the pump (as a rule, they are located either in front of the pump, or directly in the boiler). Air in the system in the presence of such elements is most often due to their clogging.
Valves for venting air can be installed directly on the batteries, but only if they are located above the filling point. If the filling is somewhere on the upper level, then the air valve should be looked for at its highest point.
All vertical bends of the filling have their own air vents. If they are absent, you will have to use one of the methods described above to bleed air.

Before bleeding air from the battery, you need to make sure that the heating system is running correctly - sometimes the reason for its stopping is a valve closed in one of the sections.

Safety and preventive maintenance

To avoid injury and other problems, you need to follow a number of rules when bleeding air:

It is impossible to unscrew the rod from the air valve - the pressure of the heated coolant will not allow it to be screwed back;
The body of the crane also cannot be turned out - it is very easy to break the thread, and it is difficult to eliminate the consequences of flooding the apartment;
Radiator plugs cannot be even partially unscrewed - they cannot be returned later, and the boiling water pouring out of the radiators will bring a lot of negative emotions (read also: "Which radiator plugs are better to use when installing heating radiators").

When living on the top floor or in your own house, you can take protective measures that allow you not to think about how to bleed air from an aluminum radiator in the future:

In an autonomous heating system, it will be enough to install radiators using the bottom connection so that the air that gets into the heater does not affect its performance;
At the top of the riser or autonomous heating, you can install automatic air valves, which will independently release all the air from the batteries.

Conclusion

This article answers in detail the question of how to properly bleed air from the heating system. This task has a number of nuances and difficulties, therefore, in the absence of confidence in own forces it is best to entrust it to a specialist or local housing authority.