What can be cooked from squid: quick and tasty

Modern young parents have to keep up with everything, and as soon as the baby turns 3 years old, an active search for a kindergarten begins. Of course, I want to choose the best conditions for the child, where he will be safe and under the supervision of caring educators, but how to make the right choice? When looking for a kindergarten, one has to take into account not only the location of the kindergarten, but also its specifics, since in kindergarten the child learns to communicate with other children, develops, receives new knowledge and emotions.

Types of kindergartens

In the fulledu.ru catalog, we have collected kindergartens of all directions and types. You can quickly find an item of interest with simple navigation.

Kindergartens in Moscow are divided into several categories:

• State kindergarten;
• Combined kindergartens;
• Compensating kindergartens;
• General developmental kindergartens;
• Kindergartens for supervision and health improvement;
• Kindergartens with elementary school;
• Kindergartens with an artistic and aesthetic bias;
• Kindergartens with an ethnocultural component of education;
• Children's centers and clubs;
• Gymnasium;
• Nursery.

State kindergarten is the most widespread and common type of preschool educational institution, which provides care, education, health improvement and education of children. Kindergartens may differ in educational programs.

A combined type kindergarten includes groups of different directions and combinations: health-improving, general developmental, compensatory, etc.

Kindergartens in Moscow of a compensatory type are intended for the upbringing and education of children with various pathologies. Children with mental disorders, disorders of the musculoskeletal system, tuberculous intoxication, dysfunctions of hearing, speech apparatus, visual impairments and other chronic diseases can study here. In kindergartens of the compensatory type, only specially trained highly qualified employees with medical education work. Children with developmental disabilities are provided with special conditions: massage rooms, swimming pools, special exercise equipment, saunas, diet food, small groups are created. In children's institutions of this type, they are engaged not only in treatment, but also in education. Doctors simultaneously educate, teach and treat babies according to a specially developed program. In kindergartens, as a rule, there are counseling centers, which parents can turn to and receive advice or consultation. To place a child in a compensatory kindergarten, it is necessary to undergo an examination, provide a referral from a pediatrician and all related certificates.

Kindergartens of general developmental type focus on a certain direction in the development of the child: intellectual, physical, artistic and aesthetic.

Moscow kindergartens for supervision and health improvement work with an emphasis on preventive, sanitary and hygienic, wellness procedures and events.

Kindergartens with an elementary school involve recruiting into groups of children from the age of 6 to prepare for school entry. Here, children get acquainted with the basic subjects, knowledge and skills that will be useful to them in grade 1. Kids who attend kindergartens with elementary school are easier to integrate into the educational process.

Kindergartens with an artistic and aesthetic bias help to develop creative talents in a child, educate an aesthetic taste, a sense of beauty. Here children draw, sculpt, learn poetry, take part in performances, sing songs and practice other arts.

Kindergartens with an ethnocultural component of education teach children tolerance, tolerance, respect for all cultural traditions. Educators instill in children high moral principles that reject the idea of ​​national exclusivity and exclusivity. Kids in these gardens learn to befriend and share with other people, regardless of their nationality, skin color and eye shape. In addition, children learn the history, culture and traditions of other countries, which has a positive effect on their education.

Children's centers and clubs are specialized educational institutions for children, in which there is an art studio, a children's theater, computer class, swimming pool, playgrounds, fitness center and much more. The child development center takes an integrated approach. Children receive psychological, physical, intellectual and artistic and aesthetic education.

The gymnasiums prepare children for school. They teach children of primary school and preschool ages. In the gymnasium, children get acquainted with the basics of the subjects necessary for elementary school (Russian, mathematics, English). The educational program of the gymnasium includes subjects on aesthetic education that contribute to the harmonious development of the individual.

In the gymnasiums, they devote a lot of time to music and choreography, drawing and modeling, rhetoric and rhythm, swimming, and outdoor games. When choosing a gymnasium, parents should study the list of subjects taught so that the child is fully prepared for school. In gymnasiums, lessons are played in a playful, easy way, thanks to which children absorb knowledge better.

Education in the gymnasium allows you to prepare your child well for school, discipline, the need to do homework and fulfill certain requirements. After comprehensive preparation, it will be much easier for the child to adapt to school.

Nursery is a children's educational institution for the smallest.

Varieties of kindergartens by type of ownership

Kindergartens in Moscow are divided into different types, depending on the form of ownership. There are several main types of kindergartens:

• Municipal;
• Departmental;
• Pets;
• Private.

Municipal kindergartens are the most accessible and inexpensive type of preschool institutions run by the Department of Education. There are many such gardens, they are usually located near the house and work according to the chosen educational program... The disadvantages of municipal kindergartens include a large number of children in groups, constant queues and long entries from those wishing to get into the kindergarten.

The compulsory program of a municipal preschool institution includes: the basics of fine arts (modeling, drawing, design, applications), music lessons (singing, listening to musical compositions, musical rhythmic movements), setting the correct speech (learning new words, correct pronunciation, development of diction) , the study fiction, acquaintance with natural phenomena and environment, carrying out games, physical education, acquaintance with the basics of mathematics.

Departmental kindergartens are subordinate to a specific department, for example, a factory, a plant, an enterprise. Advantages of departmental kindergartens: fewer children in groups, more high quality food, equipment, furnishings. The downside is the high cost of services.

Home kindergartens are a relatively new and still rare species. Home kindergartens are located in an apartment, a private house, in a rented building. As a rule, 3-5 children are recruited into a group in order to ensure maximum attention for each child. The cost of the service is set by the owner of the establishment. If you want to send your child to a home kindergarten, then first ask about the qualifications of the teacher, the availability of the necessary furniture, conditions for the child's play and rest.

Private kindergartens in Moscow are owned by one or more people. The level of services provided depends only on the capabilities and abilities of the owner. There are private kindergartens created on the basis of state-owned and located with them in the same building, but at the same time they provide a wider range of services. Most of the private institutions are located in their own building and work according to an individual program.

A private kindergarten is ideal for those who are not experiencing financial difficulties. It usually runs longer than regular kindergartens and provides a very fun and interesting developmental program for children. Private gardens are often well stocked. There is everything for the child: tasty, right food, toys, didactic materials, manuals and books, swimming pools, children's sports equipment, musical instruments and much more. The cost of the kindergarten will depend on its equipment, the number of services provided, location, quality of food and other factors. Another significant plus of private children's institutions is the highly qualified staff. The owners of private kindergartens try to hire only experienced, talented teachers with the appropriate education. Since private gardens are completely dependent on their clients, they care about their reputation.

If you are looking for the best kindergarten for your child, then use our catalog. It contains all types of kindergartens from different districts of the city, district and region. Here you can find the nearest municipal garden on the map or find the address of a private garden.

Kindergartens in our database are sorted into the following categories: new, by rating, reviews, alphabetically. We invite you to read the opinions of people who have encountered kindergartens in Moscow and the Moscow region. The catalog contains more than 5,000 preschool institutions. With the help of a simple and intuitive navigator, you can easily find the most suitable option.

Ministry of education of the Saratov region gapou s "Saratov Regional Pedagogical College"

on the subject: PM01. MDK 01.02 Theoretical and methodological foundations of physical education and development of children of early and preschool age.

Test work on the topic: "Organization of outdoor activities in preschool institutions "

Completed by a student

groups 011

Olga A. Velichko.

Checked by: Nikiforova T.A.

Saratov 2015

CONTENT

Introduction

3 Sports holiday

4 Days of health, vacations

4.1 Methodology for conducting a day of health, holidays, in different age groups of preschool institutions

Conclusion

List of sources used

Applications

Introduction

"Take care of health from a young age" - this motto reflects the need to strengthen the health of the child from the first days of his life. Growing up healthy, strong, emotional are the tasks of every preschool institution.

It is impossible to imagine the life of a child in a kindergarten without fun leisure and entertainment, noisy holidays and competitions, interesting games and exciting attractions. Some develop ingenuity, others - ingenuity, others - imagination and creativity, but they are united by the general education of the child's need for movement and emotional perception of life. Moving, the child learns the world around him, learns to love it and purposefully act in it, improving the experience of organizing games, since a game for a preschooler is not just a memory of some actions, plots, but a creative processing of the impressions that have taken place, combining them and building a new reality that meets the needs and impressions of the child.

The current socio-economic situation in the country has changed the attitude towards children on the part of raising adults. The tense rhythm of life requires from a modern person dedication, self-confidence, perseverance and, of course, health. At the same time, the lack of emotional and psychological well-being in a preschool institution can lead to deformation of the child's personality, to a decrease in the possibilities of emotional contact with others, and an increase in difficulties in establishing new social relations. Therefore, in modern conditions, the urgent tasks are to instill in children an interest in physical culture and sports, as well as teaching them accessible motor skills.

One of the main tasks of physical education of preschoolers is the use of various forms of work with children, which contribute to functional improvement. child's body, increase his performance, make him persistent and hardy, possessing high protective abilities to adverse environmental factors, that is, create conditions for all children to grow up healthy.

Physical culture leisure is aimed not at honing the technique of performing certain exercises, but at fostering positive emotions, high physical activity of children, free and easy mutual understanding.

1 Forms of organizing active recreation

Work on physical education with preschoolers is a complex of health-improving, educational and upbringing activities, the basis of which is motor activity. Their main goal is to achieve good health and physical development of children by satisfying the natural biological need for movement; to ensure the mastery of preschoolers with vital motor skills and basic knowledge of physical culture; to create conditions for the versatile development of children and educate their needs for systematic physical exercises.

There are different forms of organization of physical education and in the system of physical culture and health-improving work of a preschool institution a strong place is occupied by:

Physical culture leisure;

Physical culture holidays;

Health days, vacations.

Interesting content, humor, musical arrangement, games, competitions, a joyful atmosphere contribute to the activation of motor activity. When organizing outdoor activities, it is important to take into account climatic conditions, features, seasons, natural factors. Positive results can be achieved if there is close cooperation between the preschool staff and the family. Children and parents are notified about the program and time of the upcoming event in advance so that they too can actively participate in their preparation.

2 Physical education in kindergarten

Physical culture leisure is one of the most effective forms of active recreation. It increases interest in classes, has a beneficial effect on the child's body, strengthens motor skills and abilities, develops motor qualities (quickness, dexterity), helps to foster a sense of collectivism, friendship, develops endurance, attention, courage, perseverance, organization.

Physical culture leisure does not require special training, it is based on material familiar to children and is carried out with several groups that are similar in age structure (senior and preparatory groups). Such an event can be organized 1-2 times a month, lasting 30-50 minutes.

When spending leisure time, the participation of a teacher is required. He gives commands, sums up the results, is a judge in competitions. Music plays a significant role in creating a positive emotional mood in children, which has a beneficial effect on the development of a sense of beauty, strengthens the ability to move rhythmically, coordinating their movements with musical accompaniment.

Physical culture leisure can be different in content and organization.

First option.

Physical leisure is based on games and exercises that are well known to children. At the beginning, games of low and medium mobility are offered, such as "The sea is worried", "Do it like this", "Smooth circle", "Stream", "Traffic light". In such games, children are given the opportunity to show their imagination. Then the children participate in various attractions, perform motor tasks in a playful way. The content of games must be selected taking into account the level of physical activity of children. So, children with high physical activity are offered games-exercises for balance. “Pass, don't fall”, attention “Remember your name”, “Collect items in pairs”, “Be attentive”. Children with low physical activity are offered games-exercises such as "Take your house", "Fishing rod", "Runs", "Catch me".

First, one subgroup performs the task, the other observes, acting as fans. After motor tasks, the subgroups are swapped.

After a short rest (3-5 minutes), children are offered games of a competitive nature: "Who will build the pyramid faster" (assemble in shape, color), "Who jumps faster with the ball clamped between the feet", "Find yourself a pair", "Running in bags ”,“ Rope ”,“ Tug-of-war ”.

At the end, low-intensity games are held with the children, such as "Recognize by voice", "Stream", "Carousel", "Find where it is hidden", various folk games.

Second option.

Physical culture leisure can consist of some sports games: basketball, football, hockey, table tennis, towns. The use of this option is possible only in this case, if all children are well versed in the elements of sports games. It also requires an individually differentiated approach. Thus, children with high and medium levels of physical activity and good physical fitness are offered more complex elements of sports games with a fairly high physical load. These children have more stringent requirements for the quality of the assignment. Children with low level motor activity and with a lag in the development of motor skills, we recommend giving simpler tasks with a gradual increase physical activity... For example, a game of basketball, taking into account the individually differentiated approach, can be organized as follows. Children go to the playground, greet each other and form in two columns (teams). Team captains approach the judge (educator), greet each other. The teacher gives the task. The first team (children with a high and medium level of physical activity) are given the following tasks: hitting the ball on the ground, move forward at a distance of 4-5 m, trying not to lose it; toss and catch the ball 10 times in a row. The second team (with a low level of physical activity) is given the following tasks: to hit the ball on the spot or move forward, trying not to lose it; throw the ball into the basket in any way.

The third option.

Physical culture leisure can be built on exercises in basic types of movements and sports exercises. This can be: running, jumping, throwing, climbing, crawling on all fours, riding a scooter, cycling, jumping rope. The organization should also be based on the principle of an individually differentiated approach. The first subgroup of children (with high physical activity) performs exercises aimed at developing attention, accuracy of movements, such as cycling straight, with turns, in a circle, "snake", along a narrow path with a change in the pace of riding. The second subgroup of children (with low physical activity) performs tasks aimed at developing speed, quickness of reaction, such as cycling in a straight line at different speeds.

The fourth option.

Physical culture leisure "Merry Starts" is based mainly on relay games that are well known to children. Each subgroup participates in different relay races with different content and volume of physical activity. For the first subgroup (with high physical activity), complex relay races are offered that require attention and accuracy. For example, the relay game "Build the baton": children stand in two columns (teams), the first child, at the signal of the teacher, runs to the end of the site to the designated place (large cube), looks at the drawing lying near the cube (multi-colored pyramid), takes from a basket next to it, a small cube of the corresponding color, puts it on a large cube and runs back to the end of his column, touching the first one standing with his hand. Each subsequent cube must be placed so that a pyramid corresponding to the picture is obtained. The team that builds the pyramid correctly in accordance with the requirements of the assignment wins. The second subgroup (with low physical activity) is offered a simpler relay - "Who will roll the ball faster". Children stand in two columns (teams). The first child stands at the start line with a ball in his hands (weighing 0.5 kg.), Upon a signal rolls him along a narrow path (laid out of sticks) to the opposite side of the site (wall), hits the ball against the wall, runs with him to the column, passes the ball to the next player and stands at the end of the column. Another child does the same. The team that completes the task faster wins. Relay games can be repeated no more than 3-4 times, between them you need to take a short break (5-7 minutes). At this time, you can invite children to remember counting rhymes, riddles, proverbs.

Fifth option.

Physical culture leisure can be with musical accompaniment, which develops in children creative initiative, imagination and ear for music. At first, children perform arbitrary movements to music with different physical education aids (ribbons, skipping ropes, hoops). The teacher reminds children of different movements, shows them. You can even make up a whole dance team. After 10-15 minutes of classes, a musical signal sounds, the children put all the aids in place and stand in a large circle. In the center of the circle is the teacher (leader) with the ball, calls one of the children by name and throws the ball to him. If the child catches the ball, then he stands in the center of the circle and becomes the leader. After the game, the teacher offers to listen to melodic music. Children sit or lie on the floor and listen to music. After listening (after 2-3 minutes), the teacher invites the children to come up with a composition, various arbitrary movements to the music. You can offer children a fragment from the music-rhythmic complex learned in the classroom (“dance of cockerels”, “penguins”, “bears”). The success of this type of physical culture leisure depends on everyday creative music and physical culture work.

2.1 Methods of carrying out physical culture leisure in different age groups of preschool institutions

First junior group

Physical culture entertainment is held 1-2 times a month, usually in the afternoon. Children are involved in joint actions in outdoor games, perform physical exercises with objects, and emotionally respond to vivid impressions. Together with older children, they take part in folk festivals, perform motor actions in games with adults. At the same time, it is necessary to encourage each child to show their capabilities. It is important that joint activities contribute to the satisfaction of the child's need for movement, give him joy, pleasure.

Second junior group

Physical culture leisure is carried out in the afternoon 2-3 times a month for 20 minutes. Its content is physical exercise, which takes the form of games, fun and entertainment. The task of the educator is to attract children to their feasible participation in collective and individual motor actions. When choosing the content of leisure, it is better to use an entertaining plot "A trip to the forest", "Our guest", "Petrushka".

The main leisure time should be filled with movements. Mainly frontal work with children is envisaged, but at the same time a change in muscle and emotional load is provided.

Middle group

Physical culture leisure is carried out 1-2 times a month in the afternoon. Its duration is 20-30 minutes. During the "holidays", as well as in the summer, leisure activities can be carried out in the first half of the day after breakfast. It is important to teach children to independently participate in joint exercises, games, entertainment, encouraging each child to show their capabilities. Physical culture leisure is, as it were, the result of work over the past month.

With especially gifted children in physical terms, they learn sports dance and are used at leisure, holidays and matinees. Sports dance is a complex use of rhythmic gymnastics exercises, which alternate with the simplest elements of acrobatics. Duration 2 - 2.5 minutes.

Senior group

At an older age, it is necessary to develop in children the ability to creatively use their motor experience in conditions of emotional communication with peers, to teach them to take initiative in a variety of activities. This can be facilitated by attracting people to participate in the preparation of physical culture leisure: children decorate a sports ground, sprinkle paths with sand, lay a ski track, build a snow slide, a shaft, a labyrinth, clear a skating rink, make colored ice floes.

The requirement for the time of physical culture leisure is the same as in the middle group, the duration is 30 minutes.

The content of physical culture leisure will depend on the choice of topics, the tasks set and the conditions for its implementation.

3 Sports holiday

Physical culture holidays are an effective form of active recreation for children.

Physical culture holidays contribute to familiarization with physical culture and sports, improvement of movements, bring up such character traits as collectivism, discipline, respect for rivals.

During sports holidays, all children should take an active part in outdoor and sports games, relay races, dances, attractions, exercises with elements of acrobatics, musical and rhythmic movements. The wide use of different game techniques, game exercises, riddles, musical compositions contributes to the positive emotional mood of children, the active use of the previously acquired motor skills and abilities. So, overly mobile children develop the ability to complete the task to the end, showing attentiveness and achieving accuracy of execution: sedentary children learn to navigate well and freely in space, participate with interest in collective games, showing such qualities as quick reaction, dexterity and flexibility.

Schoolchildren are invited to physical education holidays - former pupils of a preschool institution, parents, sisters, brothers.

Holidays are held, starting with the middle group, 2 - 3 times a year and one on the water (in the pool), the duration of the sports holiday is 1 - 1 hour 20 minutes. Children from a neighboring preschool institution can also participate in the activities. Themes of the holidays can be very diverse: "Olympic Games", "Merry Starts", "Winter Carousel", "Zimushka - Winter", "Neptune's Holiday" and so on.

Joint activities of children, overcoming various difficulties in a team, achieving a common team result - all this unites the children's team. Children empathize with the successes and failures of their comrades, rejoice at their achievements, maintain a good relationship with each other, take care of younger, shy and awkward children, learn to strive not only for individual victories. The teacher must make sure that all children are involved in the action, so that no one is left on the sidelines. During the holiday, it is necessary to ensure high physical activity of children, while special attention should be paid to sedentary, shy children, they need to be more often encouraged, encouraged, and helped, giving them the opportunity to believe in their own strength.

Sports events can be organized not only at the site of a preschool institution, but also in a nearby park, forest, or at the stadium. The theme and organization largely depend on the venue. When planning and preparing a holiday, you must:

Designate the tasks of the holiday, date, time, place of its holding;

Prepare demonstration performances: parade of participants, contests, games, competitions;

Select those responsible for the preparation and holding of the holiday (preferably the participation of the head, methodologist, group educators, physical education teacher, parents, representatives of the microdistrict);

Determine the number of participants in each age group of the kindergarten, as well as invited guests;

Outline the procedure for summing up the results of the competition and competitions, encouraging the participants of the holiday.

The success of the physical culture holiday largely depends on how detailed and clearly planned its program.

With any form of organization of a sports holiday for preschoolers, the following must be remembered:

It is unacceptable that a children's party grows into an entertaining show for adults. This is especially true of holidays with elements of states, organized at the initiative of sports organizations;

It is unacceptable to select participants - children who give only the best results. It is desirable that all children participate;

When preparing for the holiday, it is important to keep the children keenly interested in the event. You should not get carried away with an excessive number of repetitions, training, individual tasks - performances, especially games of a competitive nature;

A rational distribution of physical activity in different types of activity is necessary (taking into account the level of development of physical activity and physical fitness of children).

The greatest benefits for the health improvement and hardening of children are brought by sports events organized in the open air.

3.1 Methodology for conducting sports events in different age groups of preschool institutions

Second junior group

A physical culture holiday is most often invited to younger children for older ones, but it can also be established for pupils of the 2nd younger group.

It is necessary at the beginning of the year to plan a sports holiday, outline its theme. The content of a sports holiday largely depends on the season of the year and the specific conditions in which it is held. In winter, it is necessary to use exercises characteristic of winter conditions - sledding, playing in the snow, in summer it is possible to include exercises that require a lot of space - games with running, jumping, throwing, balance exercises in different conditions.

The objectives of the sports holiday are to attract children to their feasible participation in collective and individual actions, enrich them with vivid impressions, bring joy from the feeling of freedom and beauty of movements in games, fun, dances and round dances.

Middle group

Physical culture holiday, as a rule, pupils of middle groups are attracted to participate in holidays organized for older preschoolers.

However, at least 2 times a year - in winter and summer - independent sports events are organized for these children. They last within 50 minutes.

The program of the holiday includes familiar fun games and exercises (rides, round dances), in which the whole group takes part, as well as children's dance performances and impromptu performances (running together in one hoop, jumping over a snow shaft). To create a good festive mood, the inclusion in the content of the holiday of a "surprise" moment - the unexpected appearance of Winter, Snow Maiden, Little Red Riding Hood. It is important to create a general joyful mood at the holiday, to make children want to participate in future holidays.

Senior group

The sports festival is held 2 - 3 times a year. The duration is 60 minutes. The purpose of the holiday in senior preschool age is the active participation of the entire team of the group, through which the motor fitness of children is revealed, the ability to show physical qualities in the necessary conditions.

The program of the holiday includes physical exercises, games with elements of sports, outdoor games, sports exercises, relay games, as well as entertaining quizzes and riddles. On holidays, schoolchildren, athletes are invited to the children, parents are its active participants.

The content of the holiday will be diversified by sports dances of children. Sports dance is learned with a group of children who have proven themselves in gymnastics and acrobatics. Its duration is 3 minutes. The main content is made up of exercises of the complex of rhythmic gymnastics and elements of acrobatics. The dance is complicated in this group by the performance of the most gifted children in the form of a solo, duet, trio against the background of the dancing actions of the rest of the dancers.

Holidays are possible in different seasons of the year. Taking this into account, they can carry out in various natural conditions of the area (in a park, in a forest, in a meadow, on a river bank). The content of the sports festival on the water is peculiar - in the pool, on the river bank. In the course of it, children show their skills in performing exercises prepared for swimming (sliding), swimming with and without supporting objects. At the same time, a variety of games, attractions in the water and near the water are widely included.

When developing a script for a sports event, you need to adhere to a certain order of the arrangement of the material:

Celebration opening, parade of participants;

Congratulatory performances of groups, teams, summary gymnastic exercises;

Mass part of the holiday with the participation of all children and people present in the games - attractions;

- "surprise" moment of the holiday, contributing to the creation of a good mood, maintaining interest;

End of the holiday, summing up the results, rewarding, closing the holiday.

The widespread use of musical compositions makes the holiday an emotionally bright, memorable event in the life of a child.

4 Days of health, vacations

Health Days and Holidays are designed to help children stay healthy and prevent fatigue. All training sessions are canceled on these days. The daily routine is saturated with active physical activity of children, independent games, musical entertainment. In the cold season, the stay in the open air is as long as possible. In the warm season - the whole life of children is transferred to the open air.

The day of health begins with a morning reception for children, which can be held in an entertaining, comic form. Children and parents are invited to complete various fun tasks before they get into the group: it can be an "obstacle course", making riddles about sports, and so on.

Parents and kindergarten workers are invited to the morning exercises.

The further program of the first half of the health day is different for each group. It includes the simplest hiking trips, outdoor games and exercises, competitions, contests, and so on. It is advisable to coincide with this the introduction of new physical training aids, motor toys. The colorful, unusual design of the territory of the kindergarten, group areas contributes to raising the mood, increasing the activity of children in games.

In the afternoon, a sports holiday or sports leisure can be held.

On vacation days, optimal conditions are created for the daily, independent motor and artistic activities of children, hiking trips and other physical education activities are carried out.

4.1 Methodology for conducting a day of health, vacations in different age groups of preschool institutions

Second junior group

Health Day is held at least once a quarter. Educational work on this day is aimed at creating conditions for active recreation for children, in connection with which all classes are canceled. In the warm season, it is desirable that the children be outdoors as much as possible, during the day, in the cold season - the children's stay in the air is as long as possible.

On the day of health, it is necessary to ensure a sufficiently high physical activity of children. This can be facilitated by mobile and didactic games, in which the main type of movement is jumping, throwing, climbing, running. In independent games, these types of movements occupy an insignificant place.

The number of games during the day is planned from 4 to 6. The duration of each game is 6 - 8 minutes.

The enrichment of motor activity is facilitated by taking out a variety of physical training aids and equipment for a walk. In addition to standard equipment, it is advisable to carry out light portable aids such as boards, ladders, light boxes, from which children can, at will, make up a variety of sports complexes to perform certain movements. Aids such as a hoop, skipping rope, skittles, and a ball are readily available for younger preschoolers.

Particular attention should be paid to the afternoon. It is advisable to include during this period physical leisure activities lasting 15 - 20 minutes, walks outside the kindergarten site. Positive emotions relieve fatigue.

Middle group

Health Day is a day of rest, entertainment and games. Held once a quarter.

On this day, all training sessions, including physical education, are canceled. The content of the Day of Health consists of outdoor games, sports exercises, walks outside the kindergarten site, and physical education.

The walks are held in the morning, lasting 20 minutes one way, total duration 1 - 1.5 hours. During walks, natural material is widely used (pebbles, cones, sand, water). The requirements for the selection and duration of games are the same as in the younger group. In addition to physical culture and health-improving work, various types of labor activities of children are included in the days of health (work in the garden, cleaning the territory, harvesting, and the like).

Holidays

Held during the first week of January and the last week of March.

During the holidays, traditional training sessions are filmed, with the exception of music and physical education, but they are also enriched with game, plot material and are carried out in a variety of interesting forms. Particular attention should be paid to the rational organization of daily motor activity, as one of the conditions for health-improving work with children. This is facilitated by the widespread use of different types of physical exercises: gymnastics, outdoor and sports games, sports exercises. One - two times a week, it is advisable to have physical education, walking and excursions. Children enjoy mutual visits of different age groups - “coming to visit”, exhibitions of children's works, dramatization of famous fairy tales, concerts of children's amateur performances with the participation of adults. More opportunities should be provided for the free education of children in the process of various types of independent and organized activities.

Senior group

Health Day is held once a quarter. Its content is outdoor games, sports exercises and games, sports entertainment, relay games, hiking and skiing, simple tourism. It is very important to develop in children an interest in organizing outdoor games and simple competitions with their peers at their own request, to encourage the desire to achieve high results when performing various physical exercises, elements of sports games, in outdoor games, games - relay races. On the day of health, the simplest hiking trips are organized with children of senior preschool age. In the warm period of the year, their total duration should not exceed 2.5 - 3 hours, with a halt of at least an hour and rest after every 25 - 30 minutes for 5 - 10 minutes. Children during the hike are accompanied by at least 2 - 3 adults. At the halt, active recreation for children is organized - games and exercises in natural conditions, sunbathing, swimming, relay races. It is advisable to conduct the trip in the form of an exciting thematic game or use a pre-developed scenario.

In winter, ski trips up to 2.5 km long (in two passes) can be carried out. The content of the ski trip includes games with orienteering elements (orientation on the terrain using maps - schemes).

Children can be organized to participate in the republican days of the runner, skier, cyclist, swimmer. Such events are held on the territory of the institution or a stadium, pool, park are used.

Holidays

Holidays are organized at the beginning of the first week of January and the last week of March, which is associated with a decrease in the working capacity of children and an increase in the incidence of children during this period. The organization of the daily routine and the content of pedagogical work should be aimed at creating optimal conditions for active recreation of children; an increase in the volume of physical activity, provision of measures to improve health, harden the body. It is important not only to relieve the fatigue of the child's body, but also to create conditions for the independent activity of children.

As in the middle group, traditional training sessions are filmed for vacation time, with the exception of physical culture and music. The free time is used for various forms and types of organizational and independent activities of children.

The most effective for older preschool children are physical culture holidays and leisure activities with the performance of exercises of a competitive nature, all kinds of quizzes and children's concerts. Various types of work activities also bring benefits: duty in the canteen, in a corner of nature, cleaning the site, performing individual errands, and the like. At the same time, it is important not only to organize collective work, but also to create conditions for labor activities that arise at the initiative of the children themselves (caring for animals and plants, gluing books, making crafts, and much more).

Conclusion

Thus, methodically correctly organized work on physical education is designed to satisfy the natural need of children for movement and to promote their timely mastery of motor skills and abilities, to form a positive self-esteem for themselves and the activities of their comrades.

Such work with preschool children is also valuable in that it creates conditions for emotional and psychological well-being, since it has a great influence on the development of the mind, education of character, will, morality, creates a certain spiritual mood, awakens interest in self-expression, contributes not only to better learning knowledge and consolidation of skills, but also has a beneficial effect on the child's psyche.

During sports holidays, leisure and entertainment, children get the opportunity to show greater activity, independence and initiative in actions. This opens up another important aspect: there is no need to give children time and space reference points, urging them on with words such as "faster, hurry up" or "quicker, not there, higher", since children do the tasks calmly and confidently ...

Practice convinces that effective work with children requires a well-thought-out system for training educators, close contact with medical personnel and family.

Parents show a great interest in ensuring that the physical activity of children is provided daily in the daily routine of the preschool institution. The family largely determines the attitude of children to physical culture, their interest in sports, activity and initiative. This is facilitated by the emotionally close communication of children and parents in various situations and their naturally arising joint activity: condemnation of the success of the country's sports life, watching television, joint sports events, leisure, entertainment, competitions and attractions in preschool institutions and on contractual sites.

Children are especially susceptible to beliefs, the positive example of the father, mother, and the way of life of the family. Therefore, teachers of preschool institutions need to improve the methods of pedagogical propaganda, to involve parents in an active upbringing and educational process, so that the knowledge they have gained is embodied in concrete work on the physical education of children. When kindergarten health promotion measures are complemented by daily exercises and games at home, taking into account the child's personality, using a variety of games and exercises, children develop certain positive inclinations and interest.

List of sources used

1. Lysova V.Ya., Yakovleva T.S. Sports events and entertainment. - M .: ARKTI, 2000.S. 3-4

2. Kopukhova N.N., Ryzhkova L.A., Samodurova M.M. Physical education teacher in preschool institutions. M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2002. S. 198 - 199

3. Runova M.A. Physical activity of a child in kindergarten. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 2000.12 p.

4. Mashchenko M.V., Shishkina V.A. Physical culture of preschoolers. - Minsk: Urajay, 2000.275 p.

5. Shebeko V.N., Ovsyankin V.A., Karmanova L.V. Physical Education! - Minsk: "Education", 1997.125 s

6. Aksenova Z.F. Sports holidays in kindergarten. - M .: ARKTI, 2000, 90 p.

7. Shumilova V.A. Sports and entertainment events in kindergarten. - Mozyr, LLC Publishing House "White Wind", 2002.70 p.

8. Kilpio N.N. 80 games for kindergarten. M .: 1973.196s

9. Osokina T.I., Timofeeva E.A. Organization and conduct of sports events in a preschool institution. - M .: Publishing Center "Academy", 1987. 197 p.

10. Mashchenko M.V., Shishkina V.A. What kind of physical education does a preschooler need? - Minsk: NM Center, 1998.136 p.

ANNEXES

Health day

(Held in the afternoon)

Announcement for parents!

On April 13th, a day of health is held in our kindergarten.

Program

Outdoor charging at 7.40-8.10 (in groups).

Cleanliness competition at 9.30.

Cross-country for middle and senior groups in the park.

Health holiday at 16.00.

Physical education literature insert.

We ask parents, brothers and sisters, grandfathers and grandmothers to come to us on this day.

Dr. Aibolit.

On the day of the day of health, before breakfast, the order of doctor Aibolit is notified. It is read by the Herald to the children gathered in the hall.

Herald. “With this document I inform you that the Day of Health is opening today.

Everyone is allowed:

to be healthy, cheerful, friendly, dexterous;

be friends with sports, water, soap, comb, toothbrush.

It is prohibited:

walking with dirty hands, in untidy clothes, not brushing your teeth, crying, whimpering, quarreling and fighting.

I invite everyone to the "Cleanliness Contest", a holiday of health, cross-country in the park.

The main judges of the holiday are: Dr. Pilyulkin, charming Malvina, neat pig Chunya, head of the kindergarten.

Dr. Aibolit".

The chief referees visit the groups, where the general state of the group looks, the order in the playing corners.

Regulations on the "Cleanliness Contest".

Objectives of the competition:

To educate in children an understanding of the need for sanitation, the need for cleanliness.

In the form of a game, expand children's knowledge about the rules of hygiene, prevention of clinical diseases.

Competition condition:

Middle and senior groups participate.

They check and take into account the sanitary condition of the group: order in the play corners, personal lockers, tables, the ability to make beds; for children: nails, hair, costume.

Rewarding:

A pennant with an indication of the occupied place is given to the nanny of the winning group.

The educator receives the diplomas.

Children-winners are awarded with diplomas (1-3 places).

Moydodyr invites children to the sports ground to take part in the holiday of health. Children come out in formation, line up.

Moidodyr. I am the great washbasin. Famous…

Children. Moidodyr!

Moidodyr ... Dear children, today we have a special holiday with you. We will have fun and learn a lot: how to be healthy, how to wash fruits and vegetables, how to take vitamins and not forget about sports. Are you ready for the holiday?

Children. Ready!

Moidodyr. Did everyone wash after sleep? Did you do the charging? Well done! And now let's see how you like to exercise, how hardy and agile you are. Everyone on the obstacle course, step ... march!

Leading. Well done boys! They passed the first test. So as not to be afraid of a cold, you need sports ...

Children. To do sports.

Leading. Get ready forrelay race "Running in a hoop in pairs."

Hush guys, I can hear the bell ringing. Guests are coming to us! (Everyone listens.) But who is coming to us, you will know when you guess the riddle:

Heals small children

Heals birds and animals

And now he is in a hurry to us,

Good doctor ...

Children. Aibolit.

The Doctor arrives with the animals.

Bells are attached to the arc, ribbons are attached to the edges of the arc. The arc is held by children in caps of horse masks, the edges of the ribbons are held by 2 children in animal costumes. Aibolit and the rest of the animals "ride" in the middle.

Dr. Aibolit.

I came to Vita,

I came to Olya,

Hello children!

Who is sick with you?

Leading. Hello dear Doctor! Hello animals! All the guys are healthy, because they are friends with sports and love to eat vegetables and fruits. Guys, before you eat, what should you do?

Children.

Every time before meals

We must wash our hands with water!

Leading. And what else?

Children.

My face and hands with soap!

Dr. Aibolit ... Well done boys! You all know! Let's continue the holiday. Take my animal friends to your team?

Leading. Now we will conductthe relay game "Do not knock down the pins".

Leading. Guys, somewhere I can hear groans, apparently, someone needs the help of Doctor Aibolit.

Carlson walks with groans, groaning.

Carlson. I am the most unhappy, I am the sickest!

Oh, I can't, help!

Dr. Aibolit ... What happened to you?

Carlson. My most beautiful stomach hurts. I am lost!

Dr. Aibolit ... Carlson, what did you eat today?

Carlson. And I ate the most beautiful apples!

Dr. Aibolit ... Yes ... Did you wash the fruit before eating?

Carlson. What for? They were already beautiful and delicious.

Children. Every time before meals

You need to wash the fruit with water.

To be healthy, strong

My face and hands with soap!

Dr. Aibolit ... Did you hear, Carlson ?!

Carlson. I am the best understander in the world, I understood everything! What about my best belly in the world?

Dr. Aibolit ... We will now treat. Drink the potion!

Carlson ... Maybe jam is better?

Dr. Aibolit. No, dear Carlson, jam won't help you. I'll have to drink the potion, and now I'll give you an injection.

Carlson stretches out a trembling hand, frowns, turns away.

Children (chanting). Do not be afraid, Carlson, do not be afraid Carlson!

Carlson cheers up from supporting children, smiles, stops frowning.

Carlson. You see, I told you that I am the best non-fan in the world. (Strokes her stomach.) Thank you, Doctor! Thank you kids! Now I am healthy, I want to play with the guys, compete.

Leading ... Let's play a relay game.

Relay race ... Swallow arrives (girl).

Martin ... Dr. Aibolit! An urgent telegram for you.

Dr. Aibolit (is reading).

Come Doctor,

To Africa soon

And save, Doctor,

Our kids.

Oh, the trouble, they have sore throat, malaria and bronchitis.

Come quickly, kind Doctor Aibolit.

Aibolit says goodbye and leaves.

Leading. Carlson, do you want to play with the guys?

An outdoor game is held.

The postman Pechkin arrives on a bicycle.

Pechkin. Drasty! The parcels have come to you. Doctor Aibolit sent.

Carlson. It's good! And what's in there? Jam, cakes? (He runs to the parcels, looks in.)

Pechkin ... I can not know. It's my job to deliver.

Carlson. I do not play this way!

Leading. And now we will open and see. (He opens it, and there are apples.)

Dr. Aibolit.

So that your teeth don't hurt

Instead of gingerbread, sweets

Eat apples, carrots-

Here's our advice, kids.

Apples, guys, eat at dinner. Just remember to wash your hands before eating and fruits. Carlson, you won't forget.

All of you played well today, competed, well done!

Pechkin. And also a letter! Receive, sign.

Leading (is reading).

To grow up healthy

Energetic and intelligent,

To drive away fatigue, laziness,

Eat vitamins every day!

Do not be lazy early in the morning, start exercising!

The sun, air and water always help us

Strengthened so that the muscles

Get exercise.

Goodbye kids, hello everyone,

Physical Education.

Children. Hooray! Hooray! Hooray!

Leading. It's time for us guys to end the holiday.

Carlson. And Pechkin and I will still practice. I'm the best athlete in the world. I will teach him, and Pechkin will compete with you next time.

The children leave, and Karlson and Pechkin say goodbye, wave their hands to them.

Health day

Characters: Host, Gryaznulkin, Fairy of Purity.

Leading. Children, we have a holiday today - Health Day! At this holiday we will learn what needs to be done in order to be healthy, courageous and strong. So, we start our holiday.

1st child.

To grow us strong

Dexterous and brave

Daily in the morning

We are doing exercises.

2nd child.

We raise our hands to the sun

We walk together cheerfully

Squat and get up

And we don't get tired at all. (Together.)

Charging with music.

The song "All go in for sports», muses. E. Tumanyan, lyrics V.Viktorov.

Leading.

How many of you guys know

What hardening helps

And they are always useful to us

Children (in chorus). Sun, air and water!

The song "Fizkultr-ur", muses. Y. Chichkov, to lyrics Petrova.

A knock on the door.

Leading. What's that noise? What happened?

Gryaznulkin enters.

Gryaznulkin.

The blanket ran away

The sheet flew away

And a pillow like a frog

Galloped away from me.

I’m for a candle, a candle in the stove,

I’m to run for a book

And skipping under the bed.

I want to drink some tea

I run up to the samovar,

But pot-bellied from me

I ran away like fire.

Leading.

The boy only wets his nose.

He doesn't want to wash.

What are the guys called

Someone who does not wash well?

Children (in chorus). Gryaznulkin.

Host (addresses Gryaznulkin).

Oh you ugly

Oh you dirty

Unwashed pig

Where do you live?

Gryaznulkin. At the Gryaznulka station.

Leading. It's interesting to see, let's go guys to the Gryaznulka station.

Children perform ditties.

Smoked pan

Julia was cleaning with sand.

Two hours in Julia's trough

Grandma washed afterwards.

Vova was too lazy in the morning

Comb your hair with a comb,

A cow came up to him-

She combed her hair with her tongue.

At the sluts, the slugs

Everything is not like that, everything is not so-

And a shirt wide open

And a jacket without buttons.

I washed my hands over the tap,

But I forgot to wash my face.

Trezor saw me

Shouted: "What a shame!"

We sang ditties for you

Is it good or bad

And now we ask you,

For you to clap us.

Leading. Children who wash, wash their hands before eating, brush their teeth are great. No microbes will enter the body. No wonder they say: "Healthy teeth - love health." And at the Gryaznulka station they don't brush their teeth, that's why they hurt them.

3rd child.

Kostya cries: teeth ache,

He doesn't like brushing his teeth

Neither outside nor inside.

Three collapsed at once.

Finnish folk song "Scum Boy" arranged by G. Popatenko, Russian text by M. Kravchuk.

Early in the morning

Chamomile blossomed

Opened up in the wind

White shirt.

Chorus: Like this, like this,

So - so -

White shirt

(2 times).

The fluffy cat

There is also a concern

Licks tail brush

Hard work.

Chorus.

Only the boy got up late

He did not wash his face

He's a mess.

Chorus.

Leading. Guys, we must leave this station as soon as possible. So we arrived at another station. At this station, children scatter their belongings and cannot find them.

4th child.

There lived a scattered man

On Basseyannaya street.

He sat down on the bed in the morning,

I began to put on a shirt-

I put my hands in my sleeves,

It turned out. These are pants.

That's how absent-minded

From Basseyannaya Street!

5-1 child.

He began to put on a coat,

They say to him, not that

I began to pull on leggings,

They say to him, not yours.

That's how absent-minded

From Basseyannaya street.

6th child.

Get up in the morning

Reluctance and laziness

I would sleep all morning

I would sleep all day

I would sleep all evening

I would sleep all night

And when I get up, I don't mind falling over again.

Leading. Guys, this is Lazy.

4th child.

Everything disappears from the girl Vali.

Vali lost her gloves today

Their grandfather is looking for Vali in his pocket,

Their grandmother is looking for them in the kitchen, in the closet,

They are not under the stove where dinner is cooked,

But a shoe was found under the slab.

Perhaps they fell over the sideboard?

Valina's doll is there, there are no gloves.

The sister says: "I'll look under the bed."

There Valina's ribbon and Valino's dress.

Suddenly my mother exclaimed: "Here they are, Valenka!"

And she took out both gloves from the felt boot.

Leading. We will not be allowed into the city of Cleanliness and Order with the Gryaznulka and the Lazy Woman.

A knock on the door.

Leading. Who's there?

It was me, Postman Pechkin, who brought the package from Moidodyr.

Leading (takes the package, opens it, reads). I invite you to join the Society of Friends of Purity. Anyone who is friends with soap, comb, washcloth can become its members, for this you need to guess riddles.

Riddles.

Slips away like a living

But I will not release it.

Foams with white foam

Do not be lazy to wash your hands.

(Soap.)

Light, clean,

You will look, sweetly.

(Mirror.)

Says the track-

Two embroidered ends:

"Catch at least a little,

Wash the ink off your face.

Otherwise you're half a day

You dirty me. "

(Towel.)

I walk, I do not wander through the woods,

And through the mustache, through the hair.

And my teeth are longer

Than wolves and bears.

(Comb.)

Leading. Well done, guys, you've solved all the riddles, so now you can be considered a member of the Friends of Purity.

Game "Tie a doll a bow" (dolls are sitting on two chairs and ribbons are lying).

Leading. Our new game is for boys only. Tie a bow to the doll so that it comes out beautiful.

Come on, boys, go

Take the ribbons in your hands.

On signal: one, two, three-

Don't yawn, run ahead.

Fairy of purity.

Here's another game

You will like her.

I want to ask you a question,

It's up to you to answer

If you agree with me,

Answer in chorus, brothers:

This is me, this is me, these are all my friends!

If you disagree,

Then be silent in response.

Answer in chorus in a moment, who is the most mischievous here?

I will ask now everyone who loves the song here, laugh?

Who is used to order here? Exercising in the morning?

Who of you, tell me, brothers, forgets to wash?

And one more question: Who doesn't wash their nose?

Leading. Now, guys, let's dance.

Dance "Ducklings" French folk song, to lyrics Yu. Entina.

Leading. Guys, a letter from the wonderful poet Yu. Tuwim has come to our garden. I'll read it to you now.

My dear children!

I am writing you a letter.

I beg you, wash cleaner

Your hands and face.

It doesn't matter what kind of water

Boiled, key,

From the river or from the well

Or just rain.

It is imperative to wash

In the morning, in the evening and in the afternoon,

Before every meal

After sleep and before sleep.

Rub with a sponge and a washcloth,

Be patient, it doesn't matter-

And ink and jam

Wash off soap and water!

My dear children!

Very, very much I ask you:

Wash cleaner, wash more often-

I can't stand a dirty trick.

I will not shake hands dirty,

I will not go to visit them.

I wash myself very often -

Goodbye! Your Tuvin!

Fairy of cleanliness gives children toothbrushes, soap, combs.

"Organization of outdoor activities in a preschool educational institution"

Pl and n.

1. Introduction. Page 2.

2. Physical culture leisure. Page 4.

3. Sports holiday. Page 6.

4. Day of health. Page 9.

5. The simplest type of children's tourism. Page 10.

6. Vacations. Page 12.

7. List of used literature. Page 13.

The task of creating all necessary conditions for children to grow up physically healthy, strong, is one of the most important. Therefore, only one in which the physical education of children occupies a large place can be considered a properly organized educational work.

It is known that as a result of learning activities associated with prolonged maintenance of a static posture, fatigue develops in children, activity decreases, attention decreases, perception decreases. Doing physical exercises causes active work of muscles, and this in turn increases blood circulation and thereby increases the intensity of the heart, activates the activity of the nervous system, increases the tone of the whole organism, and restores working capacity.

In order for children to grow up healthy and cheerful, to create conditions for solving problems of their mental, moral and physical development, it is necessary to alternate work and rest, mental and physical exercises, games, entertainment.

One of the forms of organizing the motor activity of children is active rest in kindergarten.

Active rest in kindergarten:

§ Sports leisure;

§ Sports holidays;

§ Days of health;

§ Children's tourism;

§ Holidays.

These forms of work are aimed not at honing the technique of performing certain exercises, but at fostering positive emotions, high physical activity of children, free and easy mutual understanding.

Active rest solves both general and specific problems. Common Tasks- health-improving, educational and educational. The following tasks can be classified as private:

Ø To increase the emotional mood of children;

Ø To foster in preschoolers a persistent interest and need for physical education;

Ø Contribute to the formation of correct posture;

Ø Increase physical performance;

Ø Develop basic physical qualities;

Ø To improve the basic types of movements.

The solution of these tasks is entirely aimed at bringing up a harmoniously developed personality.

Physical culture leisure- one of the brightest, emotional moments in the daily life of children, uniting them with fun, motor activity.

Leisure planning is carried out taking into account the level of general physical development of children of this group and their motor abilities.

The program of physical culture leisure is composed in different ways: in the younger and middle groups, simple games with emotional assignments prevail: whoever brings toys as soon as possible, will come running and line up around the doll, perform funny play actions with it, etc.

In the older groups, children reveal their motor skills individually and collectively - in teams in fun, simple games with competition and in relay games, and in the preparatory group for school and in sports games. Older children also participate in a competition such as a small sports day. When performing physical training tasks, they show dexterity, speed, strength, endurance. The content of leisure includes interesting and accessible attractions for children, causing a general cheerful mood; dances and dances familiar to children can also be used.

The main task of the educator during leisure activities is to create a joyful mood in children and the ability to improve motor skills in a relaxed atmosphere that disposes all children to creative friendly activities.

E.Ya. Stepanenkov in the Program and guidelines on physical education in kindergarten determines the duration for physical education leisure:

§ For the 2nd junior group - once a month for 20 minutes;

§ For the middle group - once a month for 20 minutes;

§ Senior group - once a month 25 - 30 minutes;

§ Preparatory group for school - once a month 40 minutes.

Sports holiday in a children's institution is a demonstration of the healthy, cheerful state of children and their achievements in the formation of motor skills. Saturated with the dynamics of physical content, held in the fresh air, it is a joyful event in the life of children.

The basis of the physical culture holiday program should be fun outdoor games and a variety of physical exercises, reflecting the motor skills acquired by children over a certain period of time. Learned in regular physical education, they do not require special training and naturally flow into the festive program, giving children great pleasure.

Preparation for the holiday should not interfere with planned educational work. Repeatedly repeated before the holiday "numbers" often without taking into account the duration of time cause in children physical and mental fatigue, loss of interest, dulling of emotions and their implementation at the holiday as a learned lesson. The holiday should be the result of systematic work with children.

Physical culture holidays, differing only in their specific content, can be very diverse in terms of program and structure.

This holiday stands out against the background of everyday life with an unusual decoration of the site, elegantly decorated with physical education aids: flowers, lanterns, ribbons, etc. change the usual look of the playground, causing joyful anticipation and a festive mood in children. In the process of the holiday itself, music plays an important role, creating an emotional uplift and uniting children with a cheerful, cheerful mood.

The first part of the holiday can be built in the form of a physical education parade, which begins with a general procession of children, divided into separate teams, walking with their own pennant and badges. The movements of children, combined with songs, poems, cause an emotional uplift. Following this, children can demonstrate their achievements in games and exercises. Senior groups participate in the competition available to them (in running, throwing, jumping, etc.), in relay games. Fun rides may be included. This is all time-sensitive for each age group.

The program of the second part of the holiday can be organized in the form of a spectacle - a puppet theater, a concert with the participation of adults and children, or in the form of a walk in the "magic forest". An indispensable component of this part is surprise moments: the appearance of any fairy-tale heroes, a magician, etc.

At the end of the holiday, a good mood is supported by a common dance, when children, at the suggestion of the presenter, invite guests: parents, teachers, kindergarten staff.

Sports holidays are also good in winter. Their content is also the motor activity of children, characteristic of this season - sledding with tasks for agility, skating and ice skating, skiing, playing hockey, fun outdoor games, mass simple dances and surprise moments prepared by adults or schoolchildren. The winter holiday can be organized around the New Year tree as a holiday of the Russian winter or in the form of games on certain topics ("Trip to the North", "Journey", etc.) The program is also based on physical exercises and games in winter. children. The use of colorful trappings and music makes them extraordinary and re-attractive. During the winter holiday, songs and poems performed by children are not heard, however, the music, the presenter's address (in poetry or prose) give a festive mood and combine the individual actions and games of children into a single whole. Surprise moments - a source of joyful surprise and laughter - are performed by adults or schoolchildren.

Children can participate in the preparation of the festive decoration available to them. On the day of the holiday, the life of children should not be disturbed by unnecessary haste, breakdown of the regime, nervousness.

The holiday can be held in the form of a physical culture and sports music and theatrical performance. Its content is a fairy tale familiar to children. Children free fairytale heroes, overcoming obstacles, competing with a negative character.

With a general interest of adults in the success of the holiday, their desire to bring joy and pleasure to children, to carry out everything planned in the plan, the total duration of the holiday should not exceed 45 minutes - 1 hour.

In the Physical Education Program of E. I Stepanenkova, it is recommended to hold sports holidays in the middle and senior groups two to three times a year.

Health day it is recommended to carry out in accordance with the instructions of the program, starting with the 2nd junior group. Its task is to take care of the prevention of the child's nervous system, the improvement of his body in close connection with the maintenance of a positive-emotional state of the psyche. Therefore, on this day, children should be provided maximum stay on air and, if possible, spend it in nature... Children are exempted from activities that require mental stress. They play interesting and favorite games, sing, listen to music, calmly and cheerfully communicate with each other.

Planning this day should take into account the interests of children of this age group, their favorite activities, and prevent the emergence of conflicts. The program of this day can include outdoor games, game exercises, elements of sports games and exercises, funny relay races, entertainment and fun, overcoming various natural obstacles.

Walking tours and excursions outside the childcare center are the simplest kind of child tourism. These are interesting and useful small trips for children with a specific purpose. They promote health promotion, physical development of children, education of aesthetic feelings, communication with nature, improvement of motor skills and physical qualities.

Often, children, doing well various exercises in a familiar room or on the site of a kindergarten, are lost in a new environment. The changing natural conditions that children encounter during long walks contribute to the education of the necessary life orientation on the ground, determination, courage, general endurance, and the strengthening of friendly relations.

During each tourist trip, certain tasks are solved. Therefore, it is necessary every time to clearly develop a route, determine the places of stops, the necessary equipment, clothes (depending on the weather). The plan and route are agreed with the medical staff. On the eve of the hike, the teacher conducts a conversation with the children, invites parents to take part in the hike.

The form of organization of children during the hike depends on the conditions in which it is held. Most often, children walk freely in the forest.

During the rest, educators check the condition of the children, their clothes.

Instructions for the protection of the life and health of children.

1. The route must be carefully studied by adults.

2. Children must be accompanied by at least 2 adults.

3. Clothes of children in order to avoid overheating or hypothermia of the body must correspond to the season.

4. Every adult should know well the contents of the first aid kit and the rules for using it in order to be able to provide first aid if necessary.

5. When crossing streets, roads, the teacher must follow the rules of the road.

6. The educator must take into account the physical capabilities of the children.

Rules of behavior for children.

1. Strictly obey the teacher.

2. Do not pick plants without permission.

3. Do not leave a friend in trouble, always come to his rescue; help the weak.

4. Always keep the resting area clean.

Holidays envisaged by the program in early January and late March, each time during the week. Their tasks have a common orientation with the days of health - to provide rest for the child's nervous system, to create conditions that contribute to the healing and strengthening of the body in unity with the emotionally positive state of the psyche. The content of the vacation can be artistic and creative, musical, physical activity. The simplest hiking trips are very useful. If possible, it is very useful to travel out of town to a holiday home or a kindergarten dacha. The new environment, downhill skiing, skiing and outdoor games will bring children's lives closer to a sanitary regime, the health value of which is undeniable. The organization of such a vacation for children requires thoughtfulness and careful preparation.

Winter sports week (vacation) plan.

1st day: construction of a snow town.

2nd day: snow festival in a snow town;

3rd day: for 5-year-old children - skiing; for 4-year-olds - sports games in the town of the Palace;

4th day: for 3-year-olds - sports games in a snow town; for 4-year-olds - skiing competitions; for 5-year-olds and 6-year-olds - sports games;

5th day: sledging, skiing, sports games;

Bibliography.

A.V. Keneman, D.V. Khukhlaeva. "Theory and methods of physical education of preschool children."

E.Ya. Stepanenkova. "Physical education in kindergarten". Program and guidelines.

"Physical education of preschool children". From work experience. Compiled by YF Luri.

E.Y. Adashkevichene. "Sports games and exercises in kindergarten".

"Toy in the pedagogical process

kindergarten ".

Plan.

1. History of the Toy.

2. The role of toys in a child's life.

3. The role of toys in the pedagogical process.

4. Types of toys.

5. The method of familiarizing the child with a new toy in a preschool institution.

6. Requirements for toys.

7. List of used literature.

“To this day, the toys that were given to children served to increase their knowledge, and through these they met

with many things in the light. "

CatherineII

1.The story of the toy.

A toy is a relatively fragile object, and its life is short, so it is very difficult to determine the time of appearance of toys. It is quite obvious that the first toys were close to tools adapted to the strength of the child. Small bow, arrows looked like genuine ones. They were made by adults to develop accuracy, clarity and coordination of movements in children. Significantly later, toys depicting animals, birds, and human figures were discovered.

From the history of world toys.

In the V century. BC. in the sky Of China the first kites appeared, which are still played by adults and children.

Mechanical constructor - a set of strips with holes, nuts and bolts with which, with which you can build cranes, winches, carts, mills, was invented by the clerk Hornby from a butcher shop english the city of Liverpool in 1900.

The constructor made of colorful cubes was invented about 200 years ago. in Germany a man named Liebig.

Already in the XIII century. french dolls became trendsetters and were insanely expensive. For them, as for Barbies, doll houses were made with full furnishings, but not from plastic. The house was made of valuable wood, and the dishes were made of silver and porcelain. All this was kept and passed on by inheritance from mother to daughter, like other heirlooms.

For a long time, toys were created in a family by adults during their leisure hours "for fun" for children. The toys reflected love for children, a desire to please them, amuse them, and teach them something. In the manufacture of toys, creative invention was manifested, understanding of the interests of children, their desires. The toy reflected the characteristic features of human labor, love for nature, knowledge of it, reproduced the characteristics and habits of animals and birds.

Since the time of F. Frebel, great attention has been paid to building materials for children's games. A lot of them were produced - of various sizes, designs.

The first doll in Russia was made of wood. In central Russia, a rag doll made of white canvas is known. The white-faced girl necessarily had a braid of tow or natural hair, but she did not have a face so that they would not be possessed evil spirits... Even the poorest house could not do without a doll. Almost every peasant woman knew how to make dolls herself.

The most talented craftsmen began to make toys not only for their children, but also for sale. Gradually, a toy craft arose. In Russia, a large toy trade was in the village of Bogorodskoye near Moscow (first mentioned in 1663). The bear enjoyed special attention among the Bogorodsk carvers. In the toy he was endowed characteristic features a leisurely, club-footed forest dweller, as well as human qualities: hard work, curiosity, addiction to fun, music.

In the village Babenki Podolsk district of the Moscow region in 1911. An artel of Russian craftsmen was organized, famous for the manufacture of lathe-polished toys: cones, turrets made of rings different color and etc. Babensky toys are distinguished by clearness of shapes, purity and richness of color, their simple design allows you to perform a variety of actions with toys. In the Nizhny Novgorod province (now the Gorky region) in Khokhloma village craftsmen who made wooden toys (samovars, chasks, etc.) painted them in golden-red tones. V village Gorodets engaged in carving skates, goats, bulls, in Semenovo village nesting dolls were made. In the Vyatka province (now the Kirov region) in the .Dymkovo Since ancient times, there has been a clay (Dymkovo) toy, the peculiarity of which is the plasticity of forms and bright, colorful painting. The assortment of Dymkovo toys is varied. Here are the whistle toys themselves - small lionfish ducks, lambs, horses, horse riders. Larger figures approaching decorative table sculpture - ladies, nannies, nurses, water carriers, dashing hussars, large figurines of animals and birds. Finally, whole compositions, for example, oil skating on inclined logs doused with water and covered with an ice crust; milkmaid with a cow, etc. the village of Filimonovo In the Tula region, toy girls created bizarre images of horses, cows, bulls, bears. Using a plastic material - clay, they did not strive for credibility. These toys are distinguished by an elongated neck shape and the rhythm of colorful stripes.

The Toy Museum was founded in 1920 in Moscow. In 1931 the Museum was transferred to Zagorsk (now Sergiev Posad).

2. The role of toys in a child's life.

A toy - an item specially designed for children's play. Using it helps to expand the children's horizons, fostering interest in the objects and phenomena of reality reflected in it, and the development of independence. In joint games with toys, children form friendly relationships, the ability to coordinate their actions.

The normal development of a child, the formation of his inner world is unthinkable without a game, and therefore without a toy. Toys for a child are the "environment" that allows you to explore the world around you, to shape and realize creative abilities, to express feelings; toys teach you to communicate and know yourself. The basis for the development of a small child is good health and cheerfulness. Favorite children's toys (ball, skittles, hoop, etc.) encourage kids to run, throw, throw, jump, i.e. develop movements, satisfy the needs for motor activity, communication. Toys with a surprise, sounding, clockwork cause surprise, unexpected joy, make you laugh and amuse, make your child's life happier. Toys for a small child are a kind of window into the world, they expand his horizons, awaken curiosity... Many objects enter the child's life through toys depicting animals, equipment, etc. There are toys with which the child solves problem problems, learns to think independently, and experiment. A toy, in the figurative expression of A.S. Makarenko, is the "material basis" of the game, it is necessary for the development of game activity. With its help, the child creates a conceived image, expresses his impressions of the life around him, plays this or that role. Thus, a toy, as EA Flerina justly noted, "teaches a child to live and act."

3. The role of toys in the pedagogical process.

Play is one of the most effective means of education. Mental abilities, moral qualities, aesthetic feelings are brought up in the process of interesting play activities. Play and toy are inseparable concepts. A toy is an item specially created for children's play.

Didactic toys are designed so that the child, playing with them, learns new actions, acquires certain skills.

Educational task such toys - to check, clarify, expand the knowledge of children, develop their memory, attention, ingenuity.

With any of the sports toys, you can play a lot of different dynamic games. Such toys solve the problem physical development of children , the development of a variety of motor skills and abilities.

Being an obligatory companion of childhood, an object of entertainment, experiences, fun, the toy has a general educational value, serves the purpose of diversified development. Wide circle educational tasks is solved thanks to the variety of toys in terms of content, types, materials, technique of execution, age purpose.

KD Ushinsky was one of the first to draw attention to the fact that a toy is a kind of school for educating a child's feelings. “The child is sincerely attached to his toys, loves them warmly and tenderly, and loves in them not their beauty, but those pictures of the imagination that he himself tied to them” (KD Ushinsky).

4. Types of toys.

Types of toys are classified according to the principle of correlation with different types of games: plot, didactic, sports, fun games.

Subject-shaped toys .

The prototype of these toys are animate and inanimate objects of the surrounding world, which are used mainly in story games: dolls, figurines of people, figurines of animals, game items and others. They can be simple and with special devices and mechanisms - clockwork, sounded. Story-shaped toys include theater toys... Sets of toys depicting familiar heroes of fairy tales for a tabletop (three-dimensional or flat) theater, flannelegraph with figures and paper decorations on a pile basis. The theme is determined by the "Program of education and training in kindergarten", dolls-characters for the puppet theater, made of fabric, commensurate with the hand of an adult. Festive carnival toys are required to participate in festive parties and entertainment. Technical toys, displaying the simplest tools, household appliances, various mechanisms, modes of transport.

Didactic toys .

Most didactic toys are designed for the mental and sensory development of children. These include actually didactic toys, didactic games(game sets) with rules , constructors and construction sets (puzzle toys). Any didactic toy poses a practical task for the child, the solution of which lies in the content and design of the toy itself. These are folk toys - colorful balls, pyramids, nesting dolls, mushrooms, small toys, etc., and a variety of games for

construction - mosaic, sticks, etc. board and print games : lotto, paired pictures, quartets, cubes.

Assigning games with building material - development of attention, intelligence, constructive abilities of children. Games with building play materials unite children with the unity of design and action, striving for the goal - the creation of a building.

Musical toys contribute to the development of musical abilities in children, manifested in the ability to concentrate when perceiving individual musical sounds, to distinguish their height, timbre color, duration, strength (dynamics) of sound; in the desire to listen and recognize familiar melodies of songs, dances, etc.

Toys for playing with sand, water, wind, snow expand the understanding of the world around them, give the opportunity to experience empirically the properties of natural materials.

Sports and motor toys.

They are intended primarily for the implementation of the tasks of physical education. They contribute to an increase in the motor activity of children, the development of coordination of movements, orientation in space, dexterity, courage. These toys can be divided into several groups.

1st group - toys that develop the sensory-motor apparatus, strengthen small muscles, contribute to the development of coordination of movements of the hands and fingers, the development of dexterity and the eye (tops, fleas, beads, etc.)

2nd group - toys for strengthening the muscles of the forearm and shoulder, the development of strength, dexterity, coordination of movements of the arm and body (circlet, hoops, balls, ring throws, etc.)

3rd group - toys that promote the development of running, jumping, strengthening the muscles of the legs and trunk (gurneys, hoops, jump ropes, skates, rollers, bicycles, etc.)

The 4th group consists of toys for group games, in which children compete in accuracy, speed, dexterity of movements (ping-pong, basketball, etc.) They promote the development of collective relationships, the ability to calculate the force of a blow, to correlate their movements with the movements of a comrade.

Toys are fun.

These toys should arouse curiosity, joy in children, develop a sense of humor and curiosity. They should be used with caution, taking into account the child's age and mood. A toy that delights an older preschooler can scare a toddler.

For younger preschoolers, these are tumblers, funny pendant toys (if you pull the cord, they move and ring), clockwork pecking chickens, etc.

For older preschoolers, mechanical, clockwork, inertial, pneumatic and other toys are used. The topic is expanding: it can be associated with children's ideas about living and inanimate nature, with fairy-tale characters, etc.

Types of toys according to the degree of readiness:ready-made, collapsible, consisting of transforming parts and parts, blanks and semi-finished products for homemade toys, sets various materials to create homemade toys.

DIY toys are made by the children themselves or by parents, educators. When making the simplest toy, the child thinks, overcomes difficulties, rejoices in success. Making toys is a feasible and joyful work for a child. When creating a toy, the child strives for creative activity. Natural material is widely used for homemade toys:

cones, acorns, etc. A grateful material for creating homemade toys is clay. Waste material is also suitable for this. Recently, kits for creating homemade toys have appeared on sale.

Toys by type of raw materials used:wooden, plastic, metal, fabrics, printed toys, rubber, paper and cardboard, ceramics, porcelain and faience, wood materials, papier-mâché, synthetic materials.

Biggest toys:small, medium, large.

Types of toys by functional properties:simple, without moving parts, with moving parts, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, magnetic, electrified, electronic, sets of toys from parts, sets of toys, united by a single theme.

Artistic toys:realistic, conventional, constructive.

5. The method of familiarizing the child with a new toy.

The appearance of a new toy in the group is always a joyful event. The methodology for acquainting children with it is determined, first of all, by the tasks that the teacher wants to solve.

By offering a toy depicting an adult, child, animal, the teacher shows his positive attitude towards her, thereby arousing the same attitude in children.

When introducing plot-driven toys, it is necessary to disclose their purpose, methods of action with them.

The appearance of a cheerful funny toy preceded by an intriguing warning. The expectation of something new by children arouses their interest, sets them up for a joyful perception of the toy.

If the toy is fragile and its mechanism requires careful handling, children should be warned about this and shown how to handle it.

The process of playing around with a toy, children learning how to deal with it is not the same in relation to different toys. Some quickly enter the independent games of children, others require a slower implementation, repeated beating.

For example, when getting acquainted with a doll, children are imbued with a feeling of sympathy for it, but playing with it boils down to feeding it, putting it to bed, dressing it, etc. To expand children's ideas, the teacher repeatedly shows a variety of toys - "companions" of the doll: her clothes, household items, labor. Introducing preschoolers to a new toy, the teacher is already using elements of the game: on behalf of the doll, he tells where she came from, how and where she lived, what fairy tales, songs, games she knows, etc. Having aroused interest in the toy, having communicated everything necessary about it, the teacher organizes the game with the new toy.

6. Requirements for toys.

In order to develop the personality and protect the interests of children, the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, together with the Artistic and Technical Council on Toys, prepared a package of documents on the psychological and pedagogical examination of games and toys.

In the methodological letter of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation dated 05.17.05 No. 61/19 - 12, the mandatory requirements for toys are formulated.

It is impossible for a toy to:

Ø Provoke a child to aggressive actions;

Ø Cause manifestations of cruelty towards the characters of the game (people and animals), the roles of which are played by the playing partners (peer and adult) and which are plot toys (Dolls, animals);

Ø Provoke game stories related to immorality and violence;

Ø Arouse interest in sexual issues beyond childhood.

Toys with the following qualities are of particular pedagogical value:

Ø Polyfunctionality (the possibility of their wide use in accordance with the child's intention and the plots of the game, contributing to the development of creative abilities, imagination, the symbolic symbolic function of thinking and other qualities);

Ø Didactic properties (the ability to teach a child to design, familiarize himself with color and shape, the presence of programmed control mechanisms, for example, in electrified toys);

Ø Possibility of using a group of children (suitability of a toy for use by several children, including with the participation of an adult as a playing partner (for example, collective buildings);

Ø High artistic and aesthetic level or their belonging to the products of artistic handicrafts, ensuring the introduction of the child to the world of art and folk art and folk art.

Basic requirement for toys identified N.K. Krupskaya in the article "On toys for preschool children": the toy should promote the development of the child at every age level of preschool childhood.

In the toy, the interests and tasks of an adult and a child intersect. A toy must, on the one hand, develop the child's abilities, and on the other, bring him joy and pleasure. In order for a toy to contribute to the development of a child, it must meet the interests of the child, contribute to his needs, be fun and attractive. Compliance with the interests of the child himself is the most important requirement for toy , which, in fact, makes it a toy. The main advantage of a toy that attracts a child is the ability to do something with it. The toy acts as an object of the child's activity and is viewed from the position of a possible developmental effect. The toy should be as open as possible for transformations. Such universal and popular at all times balls, cubes, inserts, dolls, due to their simplicity, are extremely plastic, allow for endless complications, thousands of new combinations. They cannot get bored. Hence: openness to a variety of activities, flexibility and simplicity are important requirements for a good toy.

In an accessible and entertaining form, a toy should encourage children to creatively display phenomena, life events, to play together, in which friendly relations are formed, the ability to coordinate their desires with the desires of their peers, organization, mutual assistance, justice and honesty. In this regard, a special advantage of the toy is its potential focus on general, joint play.

So, a child's actions with a toy should be meaningful, variable, independent and included in communication. All these are psychological and pedagogical requirements for a toy.

However, a toy is not only an object of children's activity, but also a cultural object that has absorbed a certain socio-cultural content and passes it on to children. The toy should evoke humane feelings and stimulate pro-social action... It must maintain a respectful attitude towards living things, emphasize the human principle in animals, plants, in humans. The presence in a toy of qualities that stimulate violence, cruelty, aggressiveness is unacceptable. Violation of ethical requirements for a toy, even with its good developmental effect, should be the basis for its negative assessment.

Besides , an important advantage of a toy is its connection with cultural traditions of their people. Russian culture has accumulated enormous wealth associated with the invention and manufacture of toys.

The toy needs an attractive, colorful design in order to evoke an emotional attitude in the child, to bring up an artistic taste.

The creation of toys is always creativity, the invention of something new. The originality of the toy, uniqueness and originality- its undoubted merit.

Hygienic requirements for toys include safety of using them ... They are painted with durable and safe paints and should be easily subjected to hygienic treatment (washing, wiping with disinfectant solutions, ironing).

Toys with defects that have arisen in the process of "exploitation" can pose a threat to the child, therefore, frequent monitoring of the state of the play material is necessary.

In preschool, toys must be properly positioned, which requires the use of certain play equipment: cabinets, shelving, drawers, nets for storing balls, etc. The storage features of toys are due to the need to provide:

Ø Availability of toys for children and the ability to independently dispose of them;

Ø General order, keeping the attractiveness of each toy;

Ø Keeping the toys in order by the children themselves, careful handling of toys.

For the deployment of independent games, it is desirable to have modules, transforming toy furniture, stage equipment, podiums.

The creation of toys in our country is a state business.

The development of the theme of toys, their design is based on a scientific basis, taking into account the psychology of children, the educational and developmental impact of a toy on a child. In 1932, the Toy Research Institute was established in Zagorsk, in which artists, sculptors, engineers, and teachers work. The institute's tasks include technical and advisory assistance to toy manufacturers.

Bibliography.

"Preschool Pedagogy". V.I.Yadeshko and F.A. Sokhina.

"Preschool pedagogy" S.A. Kozlikov, T.A. Kulikova.

"Preschool education in Russia". Collection of current regulatory documents. Editor-compiler R.B. Sterkina.

"Kindergarten. A book for managers ”. V.M. Izgarsheva, T.P. Safonova and others.

"The preschooler's game". Edited by S.L. Novoselova.

"A toy in a child's life." E.A. Kossakovskaya.

"Toys: how to evaluate their quality." (Journal "Preschool Education", No. 4, 2005) E. Smirnova, Doctor of Psychology, Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education.

"Decoration of the premises of preschool institutions." G.N. Panteleev.

It is impossible to imagine a stay in kindergarten without joyful holidays, touching matinees, friendly teas and fun starts. Activities organized by the teacher as part of leisure activities give preschoolers vivid impressions that will last a lifetime. And at the same time, in a fun way, children gain new knowledge and reveal their creative abilities, become more proactive and independent.

The importance of organizing leisure activities in kindergarten

Leisure activity is a complex social area in which a person restores a psychological state through rest, realizes the need for physical activity, communicates and self-develops. An adult independently plans what to do with his free time, the child needs to be helped in this, to guide his activities. Since leisure is a synthesis of entertaining actions and cognition, it is organized by teachers within the framework of a social order - the all-round development of the child's personality.

Leisure is a synthesis of different activities, for example, physical, musical, entertainment and cognitive

The purpose and principles of organizing leisure time in a preschool educational institution

Leisure activities at the preschool educational institution are aimed at the formation of a healthy, active, harmoniously developed creative personality.

The purpose of organizing leisure and entertainment for preschoolers is to instill in children moral and aesthetic values, love for traditions and the desire for cultural recreation. This is a special area of ​​the educational process in kindergarten, which takes into account the needs and interests of children. Using various forms and methods of organization and taking into account the individual characteristics of pupils, teachers saturate cultural and leisure activities with moral content while observing the principles:

• positive tension: creating a friendly atmosphere, positive emotions, getting joy from communication and collective activities;
• independence: creating conditions for self-development and disclosure of the creative potential of each pupil;
• complexity: taking into account all the components of a healthy lifestyle;
• integrity: development of self-awareness in children.

While having fun, children join folk traditions and the history of the country

Activities

Activities within the framework of cultural and leisure activities can be divided into thematic blocks:

• Sports:
  
• Musical:
  
• Literary:
  
• Theatrical:
  
• Art:
  
• Intellectual: conducting quizzes, games for ingenuity and didactic games (brain-ring, KVN, "I want to know everything", "Field of Miracles").

  Participation in mind games develops intelligence and a spirit of healthy competition

• Ecological:
  • formation of environmental awareness in children,
  • fostering love for nature and native land,
  • conducting excursions to the park, agro-town, to the farm,
  • participation in environmental campaigns.

Activities can integrate different areas of children's activity, for example, physical and speech

Table: tasks of cultural and leisure activities in kindergarten

Types of leisure and entertainment in the preschool educational institution

Work within the framework of cultural and leisure activities is carried out daily. The educator organizes independently, with the involvement of a music director or a physical education teacher, and establishes interaction with parents. Free time should not be filled exclusively with rehearsals for children's matinees, there are various types of leisure activities for preschoolers.

• Recreation. After a strong mental stress, the child needs to restore the balance of power and rest. The ability of self-regulation (determining the need to relax, change the type of activity) is formed by the older preschool age. The teacher organizes the prevention of fatigue in pupils of the junior and middle groups. Rest can be spent in a passive form: children look at pictures in books, have calm conversations, play quiet games, listen to the teacher reading a book. If the child is unable to relax using traditional methods, it is possible to provide psychological support (for example, play with the child in the “Magic Room” or in the “Water and Sand Center”). Active rest implies physical activity: participation in outdoor games, gymnastics, riding a bike, scooter, sledging, etc.
  

  Children can have a rest on their own, using the resources of the subject-spatial environment in a group.

  Active recreation involves relieving stress through physical activity

• Entertainment. This type of cultural and leisure activity compensates for the routine, unemotional moments in everyday life. Entertainment evokes feelings of joy in children and genuine interest. At the same time, there is an incentive to obtain new information, and if the child is a participant in an entertaining action, the practical skills and abilities acquired during classes are improved and consolidated. In kindergarten, preschoolers can only be spectators (watching a play, a science show, a musician's performance). Parents of pupils are involved in the entertainment (conducting creative workshops, musical and literary leisure, educational and sports quests for family teams). Entertainment varies by topic:
  
• Holidays. Carrying out events dedicated to public holidays and important events in the life of the kindergarten: Autumn holiday, matinees in honor of Mother's Day, New Year, International Women's Day, Defender of the Fatherland Day, festive concerts for Cosmonautics Day, Victory Day, graduation. In this cultural and leisure activity, preschoolers are active participants, demonstrate their talents, and also help in the preparation and decoration of the premises.

  For festive events in the kindergarten, pupils prepare creative performances, and also participate in the creation of decorations and props

Leisure and entertainment at the preschool educational institution

The teacher should remember that leisure is a compensating type of children's activity, entertainment and cultural recreation are opposed to routine activities. Therefore, activities in their free time have a bright emotional focus, children should be in a good mood.

Discussion of the heroes and plots of the Russians folk tales stimulates children's interest in creative activities

Motivating start to a cultural and leisure activity

Classes within the framework of cultural and leisure activities contain an obligatory structural component - a motivating beginning. To attract the interest of children to the upcoming event, to activate their curiosity, various methods of motivation are used:

• study of visual material:
  • viewing thematic posters,
  • pictures,
  • reproductions,
  • illustrations in books,
  • layouts,
  • mini-exhibitions in the corner of knowledge;
• conducting cognitive and heuristic conversations;
• creating surprise moments;
• conducting didactic and outdoor games, including in the game situation:
  • a visit to the group by a fairy-tale character,
  • an imaginary journey to a fantastic country,
  • transfer to a fairy tale (for the performance of a dramatization game);
• reading out poems, stories, small folklore forms (ditties, jokes, riddles, proverbs and sayings);
• use of ICT: viewing presentations with photo and video materials, musical accompaniment.

Since the leading activity of preschoolers is play, children are happy to be involved in play situations and participate in a variety of activities.

Table: Examples of Motivational Startups for Different Topics

Event planning

Conducting classes in the framework of cultural and leisure activities is given free time in the educational process in the morning and evening. Leisure activities should be systematic and thoughtful, carried out according to calendar and thematic planning. In the classroom, the principle of frequent changes in the types of children's activity is observed (observation, conversation, physical education, creative, speech, motor activity).

The frequency of cultural and leisure activities is determined by the age and individual characteristics of the pupils, the scope of the tasks set and the breadth of the content of the holiday or fun. Sports and creative leisure activities are held 1-2 times a month, physical culture, musical and literary, theatrical events and concerts - 2-3 times a year.

A separate place in planning leisure and entertainment in kindergarten is occupied by folk and church holidays, street festivities and rituals associated with the folk calendar: harvest festival, Christmas evenings, Christmas festivities, Maslenitsa fun, farewell to winter, Palm Sunday and Easter, Honey and Apple Savior ... Acquaintance with traditions and ancient customs introduces children to the culture of their native country, fosters a reverent attitude towards the preservation of history.

Introduction to folk traditions is an important component of the upbringing and educational process at preschool educational institutions

Long-term planning involves holding events together with a music director, a physical education teacher, additional education teachers (leaders of theater and visual activity circles, a dance studio, sports sections). During the academic year, consultations are held for parents, which indicate the tasks of organizing leisure and entertainment in kindergarten, outline a plan for future cultural events, encourage parents' initiative in preparing and participate in activities, give a list of recommendations for organizing home leisure (reading, drawing, experimenting , cognitive walks). Thus, parents are given the opportunity to cooperate with the teaching staff of the preschool educational institution and become equal participants in the educational process.

Fun activities that involve children with mums and dads have a therapeutic effect on family relationships

Table: Index of topics for cultural events

Table: an example of a summary of cultural and leisure activities in the preparatory group

Time plan for a lesson in cultural and leisure activities

The duration of leisure and entertainment depends on the age and individual characteristics of preschoolers.

Leisure time:

• in juniors and middle groups- 25-30 minutes;
• in senior and preparatory groups- 45-50 minutes.

Duration of holidays:

• in the first junior group - 20-30 minutes;
• in the second younger group - 30–35 minutes;
• in the middle group - 45-50 minutes;
• in the older group - 60 minutes;
• in the preparatory group - up to 1 hour 30 minutes.

The duration of the festive event depends on the age and individual characteristics of the pupils

Duration of street fun and festivities:

• in junior and middle groups - no more than 1 hour;
• in senior and preparatory groups - up to 1 hour 30 minutes.

Let's consider the approximate duration of the structural components of specific cultural and leisure activities.

Folklore and physical culture leisure "Business - time, fun - an hour" in the senior group

1. Organizational moment - 2 minutes.
2. Surprise moment - 5 minutes.
3. An outdoor game "Horse" - 7 minutes.
4. Game exercises "Guess" - 10 minutes.
5. An outdoor game "Cat and Birds" - 6 minutes.
6. Round dance "Sun" - 4 minutes.
7. Sports game "Catch the ball" - 8 minutes.
8. Summing up the results of leisure time - 3 minutes.

Musical holiday for the Defender of the Fatherland Day in the preparatory group

1. Greeting guests of the holiday - 2 minutes.
2. Performance of the song "Defenders of the Fatherland" - 3 minutes.
3. Performance of the song "We will serve in the army" - 3 minutes.
4. Intellectual warm-up for a team of boys and a team of dads - 8 minutes.
5. Dance "Sailors and sailors" - 4 minutes.
6. Competition for adults and children "Strong" - 6 minutes.
7. Reading poems - 5 minutes.
8. Performance of the song "Our dads" - 3 minutes.
9. Game for children and guests "Sandwiches" - 7 minutes.
10. Poetic congratulations to the boys from the girls of the group - 5 minutes.
11. Obstacle game - 7 minutes.
12. Music game "Girls hee hee, boys ha ha" - 7 minutes.
13. Dance "Stars" -3 minutes.
14. Congratulatory words from the host of the holiday, delivery of cards and gifts - 7 minutes.

Leisure with the participation of parents "Maslenitsa" in the middle group

1. Organizational moment - 3 minutes.
2. Excursion into the past (using ICT: informative slide show) - 10 minutes.
3. Contest "Know-it-all" - 5 minutes.
4. Contest "Guess" - 5 minutes.
5. Competition "People's Games" - 5 minutes.
6. Obstacle Races competition - 4 minutes.
7. Competition "Fist fights" - 4 minutes.
8. Music competition - 8 minutes.
9. Summing up the results of the competition, invitation to tea with pancakes - 4 minutes.

Examples of organizing leisure and entertainment in kindergarten

Video: kindergarten music day

Video: literary holiday "The days are flying"

Preparing and conducting collective leisure activities in kindergarten creates a sense of group cohesion. Making decorations for the holiday, distributing roles in the dramatization game, mastering the skill of choral singing, participating in team competitions and quizzes, preschoolers positively interact with each other. In joint activities, the traditions of the group are born, the emotional atmosphere is improved. Participation in collective activities fosters an active and morally oriented personality in every child.

In the physical education of preschoolers, a certain place is taken by health days, sports holidays, entertainment, pedestrian crossings as the most effective forms of active recreation for children.

Their goal is the active participation of the entire group in the proposed event, the determination of the development of physical qualities and motor fitness of children in game situations, the upbringing of a persistent interest in active motor activity. In a rational combination with other organizational forms of physical education, they help to create an optimal motor regime, which contributes to an increase in functionality organism, improves the performance and hardening of children.

Health Day. In the system of activities aimed at strengthening health, hardening, improving the physical development and education of children, the desire to be strong, dexterous, enduring, an important place belongs to the days of health. It is recommended to spend these days in all preschool groups once a month.

The main goal of the health day is to cover all the pupils of the group with various physical education activities. Activities are held throughout the day: in the morning - games of average mobility (during the reception of children), morning gymnastics, physical education (other training sessions are not held on this day), during walks they plan various competitions in games and exercises of a sports nature, relay races ( for children of older groups) games, amusement rides, physical exercises (running, jumping, throwing, climbing).

When organizing health days, they take into account the climatic characteristics of the season, the possibility of using natural factors (forest, park, meadow, waterfront, etc.). For example, in winter, the health day program includes outdoor games, sledging, skiing, and ice skating competitions. Younger children take part in sledding from the mountain, walking on snow banks, making a snowman, etc.

Seniors - in skiing from the mountain, playing ice hockey, ice skating, skiing and ice skating, and the like. For this, snowy mountains, ice skating rinks, and a sports ground are preliminarily prepared.

In regions where snow falls in winter, you can go skiing with older children on this day. The length of its route for the middle group is up to 600-800 m, for the older one - up to 1-1.5 km, for the preparatory group for school up to 2-2.5 km. When planning a hike, you need to first think over the route (especially its safety), equipment for children and the organization of outdoor activities (when the children come to the final destination of the route).

In the spring-summer period, the possibilities for a more eventful spending of health days increase significantly. Children can take part in a variety of games, compete in the performance of physical exercises (who will throw the ball next, long jump, etc.), cycling, scooter, roller skating, and the like.

It is desirable to make wider use of amusement rides, relay games, and entertainment. So, younger preschoolers are offered to hit the hoop with the ball (basket, roll the ball, knock down a mace, etc.). Older children compete in dribbling by pushing a hand or foot between clubs (cubes), which are placed on the ground at a distance of 1.5 m; running at speed in pairs (holding hands) and the like.

Throughout the warm period of the year, on the day of health, it is recommended to walk on foot, which takes the entire walk in time.

The mood of the children, their activity will be the higher, the more thorough the training of the teacher is, the well-thought-out games and competitions, each physical education event of the day of health.

Physical culture holidays. In the system of physical education of children in a preschool institution, the main place is occupied by physical culture holidays aimed at the comprehensive implementation of a wide range of health-improving and educational tasks. Studies (T.I. Osokina, E.A. exercises, outdoor and sports games, attractions.

Participation in physical culture holidays contributes to the identification of independence and initiative in the performance of motor tasks, the achievement of the best results in the conditions of competition, the education of collectivism, perseverance, responsibility, discipline and other moral and volitional qualities. Involvement of parents in direct participation in a physical culture event promotes the promotion of physical culture among the general population and is one of the active forms of work of the pedagogical staff of the kindergarten with parents on physical education.

Physical culture holidays are held two or three times a year, children of the middle, senior and preparatory school groups take a direct part in them. Its duration is within one hour, it depends on the age of the children, the conditions of the event and the content of the holiday program. It is more expedient to hold a sports holiday for children of one preschool institution. However, sometimes it is permissible to combine several groups of older preschoolers of two or three kindergartens, which are located close to one another.

The organizers of the sports event should make sure that all children actively participate in this holiday: in the performance of gymnastic exercises, relay races, games and other program numbers.

The greatest benefits for strengthening the health and hardening of children are those sports holidays that are held in the open air. They can take place in different natural conditions of the area. For example, a holiday can be held not only at a sports ground, but also at a stadium, in a park, on the seashore (in summer). From specific location the celebration depends on its theme, structure, content and design.

Preparation for the holiday begins with drawing up a program that defines the purpose, date, time and place of its holding, a list of program numbers: parade of participants, mass gymnastic performances, competitions in various types of exercises and games, competitions; determine those responsible for the preparation and conduct of the holiday (among them the head or methodologist, group educators, music director, nurse, members of the parent council); note the number of participants in the holiday, from which groups they are; which of the invited (schoolchildren, sports shifts) takes part in demonstration performances (rhythmic gymnastics, acrobatics), the composition of the jury, summing up the results of the competition and awarding the participants of the holiday.

One of the important sections of work in preparation for a sports holiday is the development of a script. It should be based on program and methodological requirements, which are determined before the physical, aesthetic, moral and hygienic education of preschoolers. When composing a script, you need to try to make the content of the holiday interesting, create an opportunity for all preschoolers to actively participate in it, so that it brings joy and pleasure to children and all adults present.

The content of the holiday largely depends on the time of year and the specific conditions in which it is held. So, if the holiday is held in warm weather on a sports ground, its content includes mass performances of children who need significant space for gymnastic exercises, games - relay races with running, jumping, racing on bicycles or scooters, fun attractions (running in bags , tug of war, etc.). If the holiday is held in winter (where there is snow), then they use outdoor games and exercises that can be performed using sledges, skis and skates.

In developing the scenario of the holiday, its main idea, the motto under which it is held, is taken into account: "Merry starts", "Olympians among us", "Dexterous, fast, courageous". For example, if a holiday is held under the motto "Hello, winter is winter!", Its main task is to promote physical culture, cold air as important means of health promotion and hardening, fostering children's interest in sledding, skiing or ice skating and outdoor games.

The program of such a holiday needs to include: sledding with the performance of game tasks ("Who will go further?" into the goal), competition between the teams - "Who will make the snowman faster?" but others. At the winter holiday, children do not sing or recite poems, however, the music, the presenter's addresses to them (in poetic form) create an emotional and festive mood for those who take part in the holiday and for the audience.

A sports holiday in the summer on the site or in the hall is held according to the following scheme:

1. Opening of the holiday, parade of participants under the festive march, greetings from the teams.

2. Performances of the participants of the holiday with gymnastic exercises.

3. Conducting competitions between teams, participating in relay races of games, attractions, a surprise moment.

4. Completion of the holiday, summing up the results, rewarding, closing the holiday.

In order to create a festive atmosphere, it is advisable to brightly decorate the gym or the territory of the site. In the kindergarten and on the playground, colorful balls, lanterns, garlands, sports-themed posters are hung, flags are set, etc. The territory of the site is swept, covered with sand, and green spaces are watered.

In winter, the playground is decorated with snow figures of animals familiar to children, paths are cleared from the snow, the skating rink is flooded, etc.

In the festive decoration of the premises and the territory of the kindergarten, along with educators and parents, older children are actively involved. Expressive solemn music is selected for the opening of the holiday, and a vigorous march for the parade. The musical accompaniment of various performances of children should correspond to their character: the performance of gymnastic exercises is accompanied by rhythmic or slow music, games - attractions - cheerful, vigorous. It is best to record music for the holiday on tape and ensure that it is broadcast in time during the holiday.

The presenter plays an important role in the celebration. They can be an educator, physical education teacher, organizer of physical education work, a music director or a kindergarten teacher. Success in the celebration depends on the leader. He must know well the scenario of the holiday, the sequence of speeches of its participants, clearly explain the task to the teams, be active, inventive, quickly find a way out of different situations. Throughout the holiday, he activates each of its participants, promptly encourages inactive children, using humor and jokes for this. In the process of managing the holiday, it is mandatory to maintain contacts between the presenter and the jury, which includes the head of the kindergarten or the methodologist, one of the parents, invited guests. Jury members must be attentive, friendly and objective.

During the analysis of the results of competitions between teams in games and attractions, it is necessary to note the diligence of children, their strict adherence to the rules. Also, worrying about maintaining friendly relations between preschoolers, to prevent cases of disrespect, hostility towards their comrades.

The opening of the holiday begins with a solemn part - the participants enter the sports ground or the hall, form, greet the head of the kindergarten or a representative of other organizations (veteran athlete, representative of the plant, etc.). The opening ends with a flag hoisting and a parade of participants. After the ceremonial part, demonstration performances of children with gymnastic exercises (10-12 exercises) are held. They are performed with different objects: hoops, balls, pennants, colored ribbons and flags.

After completing these exercises, the children are divided into groups according to the number of team members and the competition between them begins.

The amusements of the games arouse great interest among children: kick the ball while blindfolded, knock down an object suspended on a string with closed eyes; running in bags, carrying balls in a spoon - who is faster? - etc. Between team competitions, demonstration performances are performed by gymnasts or acrobats, figure skaters (in winter) or mass dances in which all children take part.

A “surprise moment” contributes to the creation of a festive mood - the sudden appearance of Dr. Aibolit, Cheburashka, Snegurochka, Neptune and other fairy-tale heroes, their communication with children, participation in dances and games gives the participants a lot of joy and pleasure.

At the end, the results of the holiday are summed up, an award ceremony, a general round dance or dances and a parade of its participants are held. The winning team or individual children may be rewarded by completing a lap of honor and lowering the competition flag.

If parents take part in the holiday together with their children, rewarding can be not only for success in individual competitions, but also for the victory of the family team. Awarding of winners can be commemorative pennants or medals, sweet prizes. It is also desirable to mention the children who actively participated in the preparation and conduct of the sports holiday.

The successful celebration of the holiday is the result of joint work on the physical education of preschoolers of the entire pedagogical collective of the kindergarten: the head, methodologist, physical education instructor, music director and group educators who were directly involved in this.

Physical culture entertainment. In each age group with preschoolers, physical activities are held two to three times a month, which are planned in the afternoon indoors or on the site (depending on the season and weather conditions). The content of physical culture entertainment consists of outdoor games, exercises and games of a sports nature, exercises on physical training equipment.

Planning of physical culture entertainment is carried out by the teacher in accordance with the physical fitness of children, the availability of physical culture tools and equipment. The main goal of the educator during physical culture entertainment is to create a joyful mood in children, improve their motor skills and abilities in a relaxed play environment, and involve preschoolers in the systematic performance of physical exercises. At the same time, children behave more freely than during physical culture lessons, and this relaxedness allows them to move without unnecessary stress, to reveal creativity in motor activity.

In the younger and middle groups, they plan outdoor games or play tasks that evoke an emotional mood in children: whoever will more accurately roll the ball into the goal, run to the cube and put it in the basket. A significant place here is occupied by outdoor games of a story nature, in which the whole group takes part.

In the older groups, children are offered competition for the best exercise performance. For example, clear climbing on a gymnastic wall or ladder in a different way, hitting the target with the ball, who jumps with a rope for longer, etc. The content of the entertainment includes the attractions of the games, as well as competitions between teams in games of a sports nature (football, basketball, hockey). The duration of sports activities depends on the age of the children and is 30-50 minutes.

An indicative plan of physical culture entertainment on the site (senior group):

1. Game "Forbidden movement" (repeat 4-5 times).

2. The game "Whose team will get together faster?" (repeat 3-4 times).

3. Attraction - "Who will collect the most pins with a blindfold" (duration 10-12 minutes).

4. Game "Ball to the Captain" (repeat 3-4 times).

5. The game "Find and be silent" (repeat 3 times).

Physical culture entertainment does not require special training. They are mainly based on exercises and games previously learned by children. However, this does not exclude learning new outdoor games with simple rules and a plot. In older groups, new relay games can be widely used for the time

entertainment.

The teacher is actively involved in the conduct of physical culture entertainment. He organizes the game, is the referee of the competition, gives commands to the beginning and end of the game; makes a remark to children who break the rules, sums up the entertainment.

Pedestrian crossings. Walks outside the kindergarten to nature (pedestrian crossings) are carried out in the first half of the day. Their goal is the improvement of motor skills and the complex development of motor qualities in natural conditions (park, forest, shore of a reservoir), teaching children to orient themselves on the terrain. Motor activity in combination with fresh air, the sun increases the protective reactions of the body of preschoolers, hardens them. The surrounding nature, diverse impressions enrich knowledge, bring up the aesthetic feelings of children.

During pedestrian crossings, they should be used to educate discipline and familiarize themselves with the rules of action for pedestrians on the street, as well as for solving educational tasks: acquaintance with the architecture of houses, the species of trees next to which children pass, and the like.

The dosage of walks depends on the age, composition and fitness of the children. It changes depending on the season, weather, the content of walks. The distance of both pedestrian and ski crossings gradually increases throughout the year from one age group to another. The length of the one-way path should not exceed 1.5 km for children 4-5 years old, for older preschoolers - up to 2 km. After every 15 minutes of walking, short-term (4-5 minutes) stops should be made to rest the children.

The teacher prepares in advance for the pedestrian crossing, develops its plan and route, provides for active recreation (performing basic movements, games), prepares the necessary equipment (balls, jump ropes, etc.). The choice of the route and the speed of movement of the group depend on the physical fitness of the children. It is also important to determine in what clothes and shoes it is more appropriate for children to go on this walk.

While moving along the route, children can walk freely, in a flock, because walking in pairs constrains freedom of movement and causes negative emotions. Formation in pairs is justified only when crossing the road along which vehicles are moving, and while the group is walking along the pedestrian sidewalk.

At any time of the year, you should use the terrain and natural conditions in an interesting and varied way to perform movements. In a forest or park, children are offered walking and running between trees, stepping over branches, stumps, a groove; crawling under low-hanging branches of trees or shrubs; jumping in depth from stumps, jumping up and down with reaching branches of trees, bushes; throwing cones, chestnuts at a target (tree, stump) or at a distance.

In the meadow: walking and running on the grass with a high hip lift; jumping over bumps or low bushes; walking barefoot on the grass, etc.

On the shore of a reservoir (river, lake, sea): walking and running on sand, pebbles; walking, stepping "track after track", throwing stones into the water, long and high jumping from a place on the sand.

In all age groups, outdoor games and play tasks should be carried out. In older groups, it is justified to hold games that are united by a single plot: "Hunters", "Travelers", "Pathfinders", etc.

In winter, walks for older preschoolers are planned using skis and sleds. Children can walk to a place where there are mountains, from which they can ride and play outdoor games.

Regular pedestrian crossings can significantly increase the motor regime of preschoolers on this day, improve motor fitness and give children aesthetic pleasure from communicating with nature.

Holidays. Twice a year (at the beginning of January and at the end of March) there are vacations lasting one week. They aim to provide active rest for children, to promote their recovery and strengthening of the body in unity with the emotionally positive state of mind of preschoolers. During the holidays, activities related to the mental activity of children are canceled. Along with this, all organizational forms of physical education are widely used (morning exercises, daily physical education, etc.) and the time spent by children in the fresh air is significantly increased.

In winter, during walks in those regions where there is snow, children go sledging, skiing, ice skating. In the spring, outdoor games, exercises and sports games are held. If the weather is favorable, you can make a pedestrian crossing outside the kindergarten. The organization of recreational physical culture work during the holidays requires the educator to think over and plan for this period all the main forms of physical education of the children of his group.

Every vacation day should be interesting. To this end, it is necessary to improve the forms and methods of health-improving work throughout the day. The provider can plan a "Play Day" or a "Health Day". For example, on the "Day of Games" a complex form of children's play activity is carried out. Diverse in orientation, tasks and form, mobile, plot-based role-playing games are selected.

For children of older groups, it is interesting to hold the "Day of the tourist". On this day, immediately after breakfast, children go on a hike outside the kindergarten or take part in an interesting excursion.

An effective vacation depends on a clear planning of physical education during the holidays and the teacher's creative approach to the content of physical education and health activities for each day.

Physical education assignment home. The physical culture task for performing at home is determined by the educator based on the requirements to create an optimal motor regime for the child at home. These tasks include: mandatory performance morning exercises, especially on weekends and holidays; exercising under the supervision of parents and with them during walks.

To implement general tasks in physical education in a kindergarten and a family, the teacher conducts group consultations for parents, during which you can learn morning exercises with them, show and tell about teaching children to ski, ice skate, and bike during joint walks.

Regular fulfillment of physical education homework makes it possible to form in children a persistent need for daily exercise in their daily life.

Planning and accounting of physical education work

in preschool

Basic requirements for planning educational material on physical culture

Planning and accounting of work is an indispensable condition for the high efficiency of the process of physical education in a preschool institution.

Planning helps the educator to clearly define the future of work, form general and specific educational tasks, gives a purposeful direction to all work on physical education in accordance with the age of the children, the material base, climatic and other conditions of the preschool institution.

In a preschool institution, the following are planned: tasks, means, organization and methods of teaching and educational work in physical culture. The planning is based on program material for each age group. It is carried out in a certain sequence. First, the teacher thoroughly studies the physical education program and the main tasks of physical education for children of his group. When distributing educational material for a month or quarter, it is imperative to take into account the conditions in which classes will be held (climatic, the availability of appropriate inventory and equipment, etc.).

After that, the material provided by the program is distributed according to the systems of classes. The concept of "system of classes" is revealed as a series of sequential classes that ensure the assimilation of the unity of the solution of educational tasks for a given period of study. In this case, the system of occupations is not alternating. different types classes, but the correct implementation of the process of teaching physical exercises, based on the implementation of the principles of didactics. When distributing the means of physical education (general developmental exercises, basic movements, exercises of a sports nature, outdoor games) according to the systems of training, the advantage is given to those of them that have the best health-improving effect and versatile influence on children.

The final planning stage is drawing up an operational plan for one or two days, which includes a plan for a physical education lesson with the definition of specific educational tasks, as well as a list of outdoor games and exercises that are planned by the teacher to be carried out with children during walks.