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Homemade hand hoist - good replacement industrial designs, because it is no less effective. So it is worth getting such an assistant in the household, and we will help you do it and tell you about this device.

How is a manual hoist structured?

Hoist means a suspended lifting device. It can be manually or electrically driven, of course, the second option is more common. The hoist, in general, is a special mechanism for lifting or lowering various loads, as well as for moving them. The lifting capacity can be up to 10 tons, and objects can be lifted to a height of up to 12 m - agree, not bad for a mechanism with a manual drive.

Based on these indicators, this device can be used to move various goods of large weight, it can be objects household appliances – gas stoves or refrigerators, freezers or washing machines etc. They are often used by retailers to put goods on shelves. Hand hoists are indispensable for building or renovation works oh, where you often have to lift Construction Materials or tools.

A conventional manual chain hoist has the following main elements: a chain hoist, consisting of movable and fixed blocks connected to each other; two-stage cylindrical coaxial gearbox, which has a manual mechanical drive; output shaft; specialized disc brake; additional cargo braking system; block suspension with a hook. The principle of operation is based on systems of traction and load chains, which have round links. The main types of hand hoists: gear and lever.

Gear hand hoists - is the popularity justified?

The main advantage of this type of hoist is the simplicity of design and reliability. One cannot do without them in many industries: neither in the construction, nor in the mining industry, nor in agriculture, nor at the fuel and energy enterprises, and others. Such a device can be used not only indoors, but also on outdoors even if no power supplies are available. Moreover, such hoists are not only safe in operation, but also unpretentious in use and have a durable mechanism.

The gear type of hoists is adapted to work with large loads weighing from 0.5 to 10 tons, and they can be freely lifted to a height of 12 m. The special load chain with hook is designed for this load, and the available additional drive chain ensures not only good movement, but also easy movement of loads. It is necessary to control the work of such a hoist while standing on the ground. The action begins with a drive chain, this device is a stationary mechanism, and its purpose is to raise or lower loads from high shelves.

To move loads with a hoist, monorails are installed indoors. Such stationary devices are usually used when you do not need to constantly move and lift loads. They are not designed for a large amount of work, and the movement speed is very low, this must be taken into account when choosing this tool. But at the same time, if you need to lift a fragile product or object, then these are the most successful hoists. Now we need to talk about the competitive model.

Lever hoist - advantageous payload physics

This type of hoist is necessary for working with small loads, the weight of which is no more than 5 tons, and it can be lifted to a height equal to the height of a person. It all depends on constructive solution... Lifting, lowering and moving is carried out using a lever mounted in the body. The operator, who is near the device, controls the hoist. Such models are good for cable tension and lifting loads. Since they are not adapted for a large amount of work, utilities find their use.

They are necessary when you need to stretch cables or install pipes at the bottom of trenches, as well as for installing hatches. With their help, foresters pull out stumps, and industrialists place heavy equipment in workshops. Often their purpose is to lift the load in order to work with it, like that. These can be various repair work, for example, in car repair shops. To facilitate the work with lever hoists, they are additionally equipped with special trolleys.

Worm gear hoists - compact strongman

In addition to these basic types of hand hoists, there are others as well. Recently, worm hoists are often used. For work, they are suspended permanently or a mobile "cat" is used. It is convenient for moving loads horizontally, such hoists can move along I-beams. Models of this type there are a lot of devices. They are used to lift or hold loads in a raised position, they are also suitable for moving. Everything takes place along a special suspended track made of an I-profile.

Their advantage is that work can be carried out in rooms that are small in area, and the distance between beams and loads can be insignificant. Such hoists can also be used outdoors.

They have some features, for example, a swivel casing (and the structure can rotate 360 degrees) allows you to control work from any place, that is, you can raise and lower the load in any position. This creates additional safety, the operator during work can be on the side of the hoists and also from the load itself. Also, this type of hoist is distinguished by its reliability, wear resistance and a low heating brake. All this makes them quiet and comfortable. And thanks to its low headroom, this equipment can be operated in confined spaces in vertical positions.

Homemade hand hoist - free household helper

Often you have to carry out repair work at home, and you need to lift tools, materials. If you buy a manual hoist, it is expensive, and often there is no time. In this case, you can do it yourself.

The winch is an indispensable device, as in household and in the garage. Raise a roll of roofing material on the roof, throw a couple of bags of cement into the window of the second floor of a private house under construction, remove the engine from the bonnet space, and drag the broken car itself into the garage ... This is an incomplete list of things that can be easily done alone with its help.

Drum-type devices for lifting or moving weights differ in the way they transmit torque. From the school physics course, we know how the shoulder works. Losing speed or distance - we gain strength. The phrase of Archimedes: "Give me a fulcrum, and I will turn the Earth" just describes the principle of the winch.

IMPORTANT! When working with such a device, the points of support are the body and the place of attachment of the winch. Both elements must be reliable.

A manual winch, with the help of an attached shoulder, increases human strength so much that one operator can move cars or lift weights of several hundred kilograms. With the same (from the point of view of mechanics) principle of operation, these devices have different ways of execution.

Hand drum winch - varieties

The hand drum winch is a classic of the genre. In addition to the common element - the pulley on which the cable is wound, the devices have Various types drive.

A large, main gear is firmly attached to the drum. The whole load falls on it, and on the mount. Therefore, the reliability of the elements must be at the proper level. In engagement with the main gear, there is a small drive gear.

The ratio of the number of teeth is the value of the gear ratio. Simply put - the gain. The pinion gear is integral with the drive shaft. Insofar as it comes O hand tool- a handle for rotation is put on the shaft.

The length of the arm also affects the amount of reinforcement. The larger the handle shoulder, the less effort you need to apply.

With the help of such devices, you can single-handedly lift several quintals of cargo or move a vehicle weighing 2-3 tons. At the same time, the drum rotation speed is quite high.

The design consists of two or more pairs of gears, each of which has an amplification factor of tens of times. With successive engagement, these coefficients add up, multiplying the force.

The flip side of the coin is a proportional decrease in speed. With such a winch, you can carry out slow vertical lifting of loads of more than a ton, but if you have to work with two bags of cement, the lifting time will stretch for tens of minutes.

The hoist is a device for lifting and lowering a load. In addition, such a mechanism can hold the load in a suspended position. The hoists can be manual or electric. With an electric drive, the electric motor is responsible for the movement of the cables. The hand hoist uses a chain mechanism. Such a device can be gear or lever. In this article, I will explain how the hand hoist works.

The most successful solution for lifting a load and working with it at a height is a manual gear hoist. This mechanism is designed to raise and lower loads of various configurations. As the name of this device implies, the mechanism is set in motion by hand... This does not require an energy source. A person who does not have great strength can work with a manual chain hoist.

The operating principle of a chain hoist is not very complicated. This mechanism can be used as a stand-alone hoist or as part of a crane-beam structure. The hoist can be mobile, lever or stationary.

To work with a stationary hoist, the operator must be directly near the load. Thanks to the pivoting cover, the load can not only be raised and lowered, but also unfolded for more convenient work with it.

The mobile chain hoist is attached to an I-profile, along which, with the help of a carriage included in the hoist, you can move loads in two directions: vertical and horizontal. Such a hoist, which is mounted on a carriage, is called a hoist.

How the chain hoist works
The chain hoist consists of two blocks and a chain thrown between them. On the lower block there is a chain sprocket, and on the upper block there are two sprockets of different diameters. It is because of the difference in the diameters of the sprockets that the load is lifted more efficiently.

In addition, one should not forget about the increase in the efficiency of the hoist due to the block system.

Chain Hoist Advantage:
Compactness;
Low weight;
Ease of use;
Lack of energy consumption;
Durability;
Relatively low cost.

You can find out about chain hoists on the website stropu71.ru.

Here you can also buy cable slings and others lifting mechanisms and accessories to them. Partner StroyService has been supplying lifting and geodetic equipment for about ten years. In addition, the services of this company include the design and manufacture of slings and ropes of any size and type.

The hoist movement mechanisms, the carrying capacity of which is 1, 2 and 3 tons, include such elements as a drive and idle bogie, a traverse. By means of the last element, the lifting mechanism is fixed and connected to the displacement unit.

The hoist trolleys are attached to the traverse with vertical pivot pins. This design provides the trolley with a turning angle of 15-18 degrees.

Due to the hinged design (guide rollers are provided on the vertical axes), the hoist with a movement mechanism freely passes along paths with a minimum radius of curvature.

Due to the low-positioned electric motor, the movement mechanism of the electric hoist easily overcomes small turnouts.

The monorail movement mechanism for the electric hoist is offered in normal and reduced dimensions.

The movement mechanisms for hoists of normal dimensions are equipped with one common sidewall on each side. The motor is mounted on one side by means of a flange. The connection of the motor shaft with the primary gear is realized through the use of a reduction attachment.

The hoist with a movement mechanism of reduced size is characterized by a different type of construction. Instead of two, there are 4 sidewalls (two driven and two leading).

On devices with a small load capacity and low lift height, only 1 trolley is provided. The cart is rigidly fixed to the body by means of a frame.

For hoists equipped with a pair of trolleys, there are 2 types of fastening - rigid (frame) and articulated (special bolt).

Variations of fastening mechanisms of movement of electric hoists

The design of the lifting mechanism is adapted to fix the unit for moving the load along the horizontal plane. Such mechanisms are being developed for monorail or double-rail tracks. Retainers can be of the following types:

Rigid (non-hinged) - for the movement mechanism of normal size. Polyspast 2/1 and 4/1. Figure 4A shows a single trolley electric hoist.

Articulated (fig. 4B I) - the lifting device is not rigidly fixed around the axle and the travel wheels.

Swinging or semi-articulated - swinging hoist mechanism. In fig. 4B shows an electric double trolley hoist.

Non-hinged 2/1 and 4/1. Designed for hoists with reduced dimensions of the travel mechanism. The lifting unit is attached to the side of the rail track. This design saves usable space.

Lifting mechanism with a unit for moving along a two-rail track. Fig 6.

Fig. 4 shows a diagram of the movement mechanism, which includes an electric motor (2), a gearbox (3), a driving unit (4), and a driven unit (5).

A movable and simpler, stationary crane beam in the garage with your own hands is quite doable if you have a welding machine and two days of free time. For a professional auto repair shop, it is easier to buy ready-made lifting equipment.

If the need for a crane is rare, then it is cheaper to make a simple and reliable lift yourself. Such a homemade crane can easily lift the weight up to 800 kg, and this is quite enough for repair work in the garage.

In order to make a frame for a small crane of a beam in a standard garage with your own hands, you will need the following materials:

I-beam (4 - 4.5 meters) - the required footage depends on the height of the garage;
pipe (diameter 10-12 cm), length 2.4 meters - 2 pieces;
one square pipe (10x10 cm);
corners (10x10);
hand hoist and telpher;
bolts (M16) with nuts.

If you plan to build a mobile crane, then you need four more rollers and a hoist.

The procedure for making a crane frame with your own hands:

we weld the crane legs - corners must be welded to the I-beam on both sides;
the location of the corner is at an angle of 45 degrees. It turns out a kind of stiffening ribs that will firmly fix the rack, which accounts for the bulk of the load carried by the crane;
we weld two triangles, spacers on each crane post.

if the crane is a movable beam, then on both sides from the bottom, on each rack on the horizontal it is necessary to weld on a roller - ordinary rollers for metal containers will do, furniture will not withstand the weight;
from above, as a crossbar, we fix the pipe along which it will move lifting mechanism;
weld an I-beam in the center of the pipe for attaching the roller along which it will move steel rope lifting mechanism of the crane.

on top of the I-beam we weld a piece of square pipe (to stiffen the frame) - 40 cm. The pipe should protrude at least 20 cm on both sides. It turns out that the side post is located in the middle of the crossbar stiffening pipe;
insert the transverse tube of the frame crossbeam into the square tube;
we drill through holes for fastening bolts on both sides of the square holder and in the crossbeam pipe itself - you need a rigid, reliable fixation on both sides of the vertical rack.

It turns out a U-shaped construction of the crane frame, which is installed on rigid legs with spacers, and a crossbar pipe is rigidly bolted along the top.

Installation of lifting mechanism - manual or automatic

For mechanical lifting of loads on the frame, you need to install a manual hoist - a worm winch and a cable. How to attach the hoist to the frame:

on the side of the rack we install a manual worm winch (lifting capacity 800 kg, not less);
a steel cable runs on rollers.

Such a mechanism makes it easy to lift an engine or a car by the hood on one side.

You can take the lifting mechanism and rollers from the elevator door as a drive. There the rollers are reliable and durable.

An electric lift drive can also be installed on the manufactured base. A 300 - 500 W engine will be enough for simple repair work in the garage.

Such cranes are often used for the repair and renovation of old wooden houses... The construction of a log house will go faster if the logs are stacked with a mobile home-made crane. In this case, the width of the frame is along the length of the logs.

And you can make a simpler engine lift, on one support, watch the video.

The winch is one of the oldest devices that facilitate the movement of weights, invented by man much earlier than he knew the laws of physics. The principle of operation of the winch is based on the rule of the lever: by applying slight forces to the handle, you can move and lift rather heavy objects. Winches and hoists are widely used on the farm for lifting building materials, hauling loads and even for plowing the land. Manual or electric winches are also indispensable for off-road enthusiasts.

Buy a winch or make one yourself? Which winch design is best? The answers to these questions depend on how often you are going to use it, what kind of cargo you are going to move. Hand-driven winches require force, but are not dependent on the availability of electricity. The electric winch can move heavy loads without any effort on your part, but it needs to be connected to the mains or battery. Below are the designs of several winches that you can do with your own hands, which winch to choose is up to you.

Winch made of rope and a piece of pipe

The version of the simplest winch, which can literally be made from scrap materials and in a few minutes, is popular with motorists. This design is a cable rigidly fixed to the pipe section, which is put on the axle. The axle is driven into the ground or otherwise secured. Any lever is slipped under the lower loop of the cable: a shovel handle, a pipe, a solid pole. By rotating the lever so that the cable winds around the pipe, you can move a rather heavy object, such as a stuck car. This device cannot be called a full-fledged winch, but it does its function.

Manual winches include any device that allows you to move loads and have a manual drive. The most common are drum-type winches: a cable is wound onto a reel, and the reel is rotated using a handle through a gear drive: a worm gear or a system of sprockets of different sizes. The higher the gear ratio of the gearbox, the less force is required to apply to the handle.

For effective operation, the hand winch must be rigidly fixed to a stationary object; for this, fastening holes are made on the winch frame. The handle is connected to a shaft on which a small sprocket is rigidly fixed. The reel is rigidly connected to a large sprocket, which engages with a small one. The cable is attached at one end to the reel, and a carabiner or hook is attached to the other end.

DIY manual or electric winch

If you have the skills to work with a welding machine, you can make a winch yourself from scrap materials.

You will need:

Rectangular pipe for making a frame;
Drum tube or finished shaft;
Sheet metal for drum disks, 3 mm thick;
Studs with thread М10-М12 24 cm long - 6 pieces, nuts;
A tube with a diameter of Ø14 - 6 identical lengths of 20 cm;
Large and small sprockets and chain;
Hubs for attaching the drum to the shaft and for attaching the shaft to the frame;
Lever for manual drive, gasoline or electric engine powered by ~ 220 V or car battery;
A cable of the required length with a carabiner at the end;
Welding machine and electrodes;
Grinder with cutting and grinding disc;
Metal paint and primer;

Set of wrenches.

Winch manufacturing technology:

According to the drawing, a pipe of rectangular section 20x20 mm for the frame is cut with a grinder. All connections made perpendicularly are obtained by cutting blanks at an angle of 45 degrees.
Workpieces are laid out on a flat surface. Weld the winch frame using welding machine pointwise at the junction of the workpieces. They check the perpendicularity of the corners and the correspondence of the sizes, after which the seams are completely welded. A plate of sheet metal with longitudinal grooves is welded for attaching the drive electric motor. Remove scale and burrs with a grinder's grinding wheel.
The frame is sanded, covered with a primer for metal, and after drying - with paint or enamel in two layers.
Start making the drum. Two circles of the same diameter are cut out of sheet metal - about 30 cm. A hole is drilled in the center of each circle along the diameter of the shaft, and six holes are also made at a distance of 7-8 cm from the center. Holes are drilled for mounting the hubs - 4 on each disc. Attach the hubs to the bolted connection. The drum discs are fastened with studs: each stud is fixed in one disc, a Ø14 tube is put on it, then the second disc is put on the studs and tightened onto the nuts and locknuts.
The drum is mounted on a shaft. The shaft can be made from metal pipe of a suitable diameter or use a ready-made high-strength steel shaft from any mechanism. A large sprocket is attached to the shaft on the outside of the drum - you can use a sprocket from a motorcycle gearbox, for example. Hubs are installed on the protruding parts of the shaft to secure the drum to the frame.
The drum with the shaft is installed on the frame, securing them with the help of external hubs and bolts. An electric or gasoline engine with a small sprocket rigidly fixed to the output shaft is installed on the site. Put on the chain and adjust its tension by moving the electric motor along the site in the rectangular mounting grooves to the optimal position. The chain should not sag, but too strong tension is undesirable - the wear of the sprockets will increase, and the chain may also break. You can check the tension of the chain by turning the drum with your hands - it should not restrain the rotation of the drum when unwinding the cable.
A cable is wound onto a drum, fastening its end to the shaft. The other end of the cable is equipped with a strong carabiner. For ease of movement, the winch is attached to the frame with a wheel pair using a shank.
The shank on the opposite side is for attaching the winch to the vehicle. In this case, it is recommended to close the drum with a protective casing that prevents dirt and sediments from entering the cable.
If the drive is planned to be universal, then the handle can be mounted on the outside of the shaft. In this case, in the absence of fuel or electricity, it will be possible to use the winch manually.

The presented design of the winch is simple and reliable, and although it does not have the ability to switch the gear ratio, reverse and other auxiliary functions, it performs the task of moving heavy loads in the horizontal plane perfectly. If necessary, raise the load by great height this winch can be used in conjunction with a hand hoist or simply by passing the cable over a solid support.

Thus, in today's lesson, we looked at creating a hand winch with our own hands, subscribe to our group and be aware of all the significant news !.