What can be cooked from squid: quick and tasty

A book-door is a sliding design of an interior door, consisting of two or four canvases, folding like a book. Doors of this type help not only to save space, but also to emphasize the features of the interior of the room. For folding doors, lightweight material is most often used, since the classic design is suspended. But, if the canvases are heavy, for example, made of natural wood or tempered glass, the floor system of rollers is additionally mounted. In this case, the integrity of the flooring is violated.

Cons of a suspended structure

1. Heavy canvases decorated with glass or other expensive decorative inserts require careful handling. Also, without fail, the suspended structure must be equipped with closers that protect the canvases from impacts against each other.

   

2. Sound insulation and heat-saving properties of the folding structure are minimal due to the gaps between the canvases and the floor.
3. Unlike a conventional swinging interior door, the book is less durable and reliable.

How to make canvases for a book door with your own hands

First you need to decide on the material. It is impractical to use heavy natural wood or large sheets of tempered glass for a folding structure. The material is quite heavy, which over time will negatively affect the performance of the harness.

You can order ready-made canvases from MDF or make them yourself.

It is best to use a panel structure for the manufacture of interior door panels. This will require the following material:

A frame for the future canvas is mounted from the bars, depending on its size. The bars are cut into blanks of the required size and fastened together with dowels coated with glue. It is advisable to arrange the bars not only along the edges of the canvas, but also to form stiffeners from them inside the door.

HDF panels (3 or 4 mm thick) - sheet thin material with one smooth surface, made by hot pressing sawdust. This material is cut into pieces that have the dimensions of a door leaf. Then the panels are attached to the timber sheathing. The draft version of the door leaf is ready. It can be painted, laminated, veneered, depending on individual preferences.

You can also make door leaves from MDF panels covered with veneer or other material. This is the simplest solution - you need to choose the material that is optimal in color and thickness and cut it into canvases of equal size. Experts recommend using MDF with a thickness of 22-25 mm.

The edges of the doors can be processed in two ways: by gluing special paper with an iron or using ready-made plastic edges that are fitted onto the ends of the panels in tension. The latter option is distinguished by its strength and durability, since the pasted paper after a while can simply fall off, ruining appearance doors.

For a book-door, two canvases of the same size are made and fastened together with hinges. In order for the structure to be strong and reliable, it is recommended to attach 3 sets of hinges: at the top, bottom and in the middle of the canvas. The resulting structure folds and unfolds like a regular book.

Materials that are needed for mounting a book-door.

Tools for assembly work.

1. Perforator.
2. Jigsaw.
3. Screwdriver.
4. Roulette.
5. Level.
6. Saw on wood.
7. Miter box.
8. Pencil.

The first thing to do is to prepare the doorway for installation works... For this, the old door frame is removed. Then you need to align the slopes and mount the extensions - planks that hide concrete openings and play the role door frame.

The width and length of the extensions depends on the size of the doorway. The necessary parts are cut out of the MDF panels using an electric jigsaw and fastened together with dowels in the form of the letter P. Then the resulting U-shaped structure is inserted into the doorway and drilled with anchors. When installing add-ons, it is recommended to use a level, the fastening fittings should be drilled at the same distance, which will help to avoid distortions of the door frame.

In order for the extensions to hold firmly, it is required to foam the gaps between MDF panels and a wall. In the future, the foam and the edges of the add-ons will be hidden by the platbands, which will refine the look of the doorway.

After installing the add-ons, it is required to attach the door leaf to the frame, having previously selected the side into which the door structure will be folded. It is advisable to use 3 sets of hinges, which are designed for high loads and can easily support the weight of folding canvases. With this procedure, it is important to correctly sink the hinges into the door leaf so that the gap between the extensions and the door leaf remains equal. Otherwise, the entire structure can be skewed and deformed, which will quickly lead to repair.

Installation of hanging fittings

Fittings for the sliding mechanism.

1. Aluminum rail.
2. Carriage with rollers.
3. Roller guide, with which the roller carriage is attached to the door.
4. Self-tapping screws.
5. Limiters that prevent the door leaf from hitting the wall.

An aluminum rail cuts into the upper part of the box, in which there is a groove for a carriage with rollers. This must be done with a level, carefully making sure that the rail is attached to the box strictly horizontally. The roller carriage should slide smoothly inside the groove without interference. Then, restraints are attached to the edges of the aluminum rail, which protect the door leaves from hitting the wall.

The last step is to attach the roller guide to one of the door leaves. Then the carriage with rollers and the guide are connected.

Video - fastening the hinges and suspension mechanism

If the door leaves are made of heavy material, experts recommend additionally equipping the structure with a floor roller system.

An aluminum rail is mounted in the floor, a carriage with rollers is inserted into it, which is attached to the bottom of the door leaf through a roller guide. Also this system equipped with anti-dust brushes that prevent the collection of dust in the rail along which the carriage moves.

Cons of the double roller system- recessed aluminum profile in flooring, which harms its integrity.

Pros - high operational capabilities, less wear of fittings, durability of the entire system.

Installation of additional fittings

Since the door between rooms is used quite often, reliable and convenient fittings are needed: handles, locks, latches.

Experts recommend using handles recessed into the canvas in doors of this type, which, when the system is folded, will not damage the wall or the adjacent door leaf. It is also worth considering that the protruding handle can injure a person passing through the doorway. This is especially true in cases where the opening is rather narrow.

Folding accordion door consists of three guides: top (1c), and two side - left (1a) and right (1b), as well as two half-panels, left and right (3), main panels (5) and elements for connecting the panels to each other : connecting hinge (4), docking rail (2), locking panel (6). The door leaf runs along the upper guide using sliders (7) and is fixed with stoppers (8). The guide rails are attached to the opening with self-tapping screws (11). The door is closed using the handle on the lock panel (9) and the latch (10), which is attached to the right side rail

Closers used to smoothly close door leaves are appropriate only in cases where the structure is rather large and the doors are often opened and closed.

Video - Folding door with canvases of different sizes

What you need to pay attention to when making a do-it-yourself book door

1. It is not recommended to install such a design of doors to a bathroom or toilet. The folding system has low sound and heat saving properties. Light, moisture and odor can penetrate through the gaps in the floor and the gaps between the sheets.
2. If the doorway is too wide, it is recommended to consider the left-side and right-side design of folding doors. This will reduce the load on suspension system and will simplify the opening and closing of the canvases.
3. For heavy-weight canvases, it is optimal to use a reinforced suspension system that can withstand maximum loads, if there is no desire to mount an additional floor rail.

Doors are used to delimit any space. They can be of different quality and have different parameters. Their functions are also different. Despite this, do-it-yourself wooden doors are very popular. Their technical properties and characteristics are found on high level... The external design of this can be standard or developed according to a unique design. It all depends on the interior design and on the functions of the door.

Varieties of wooden doors

Today there are several types of doors that are made from wood:

• input wooden doors to an apartment or house;
• interior doors.

The functions of these constructs differ. Entrance doors serve not only to decorate the facade of the building, but also to protect the house from "unwanted guests". Interior doors are capable of creating a closed space. They are often installed in a bedroom or children's room. In the kitchen, such doors will be simply irreplaceable, since this room differs from all others in the presence of odors that are formed during the cooking process.

Characteristics of wooden doors

There are certain differences between any wooden doors. They consist not only in functionality and the choice of raw materials for their manufacture, but also differ:

• by the degree of transparency;
• the number of flaps.

By the degree of transparency, there are blind and glazed wooden doors. Photos of such structures are quite diverse. By the number of leaves, the doors are divided:

• on single-leaf;
• bivalve.

Both those and other types of doors made of wood with your own hands can be made quite quickly. The most important thing is to have some knowledge of wood construction.

Types of parameters of wooden doors

In this matter, the classification of door leaves consists of two types:

• doors standard sizes;
• sizes.

Only each type of door (entrance or interior) has its own specific dimensions.

Dimensions of the entrance wooden door

Before making wood entrance doors with your own hands, you need to know their specific parameters. So, there are several standard sizes of wooden doors that are used for the entrance of the building:

• 2100 x 1200 mm
• 2100 x 900 mm.

That is, the doors can be single-leaf and double-leaf.

Dimensions of interior wooden doors

It is worth considering that the manufacture of wooden doors is carried out only on the basis of the established dimensions. They can be in interior designs of this type:

• 2100 x 700 mm;
• 2100 x 800 mm;
• 2100 x 900 mm;
• 2100 x 1200 mm;
• 2100 x 1600 mm.

This type of door also has a division into single-leaf and double-leaf. The first three parameters are used to make a do-it-yourself wooden door for such premises: a bedroom, a nursery, and so on. That is, for residential premises. All the rest are used to equip utility rooms.

Varieties of wooden door designs

The production of wooden doors is based on the design of the room. There are several types of door leaves that differ from each other in the way they are opened:

• swing;
• folding;
• sliding.

Hinged interior doors are characterized by opening the door leaf in one or two directions. Only such structures are not recommended to be used for arranging a room that is small in size.

Folding doors are more practical and can be used to decorate any space. They can be folded and unfolded without taking up any space. The door leaf opens in one plane.

They are made according to the folding principle. They also have one opening plane, only in this process they do not fold, but move apart. Such doors can be opened both in one direction and in two directions if they have two leaves.

The advantages of wooden doors

Why are wooden doors so popular at the moment? This is due only to the properties of the raw materials.

So, wooden doors have:

• high strength;
• low thermal conductivity;
• high index of frost resistance;
• low sound conductivity;
• environmental friendliness.

It is also worth noting a simple way to dispose of these structures if they are not needed.

But besides the visible advantages, there are also disadvantages of wooden doors. These include:

• low resistance to fire;
• high moisture absorption;
• the presence of knots, cracks and other natural deformations.

In order to at least slightly reduce these characteristics of the material, modern manufacturers are trying to process it with special means. Also, after manufacturing, the door leaves are coated with varnish or paint. Such actions will help protect raw materials from moisture and thereby extend its service life.

What is the process of making a wooden door?

It will not be difficult to make interior or entrance doors with your own hands from wood. Initially, you need to choose their design and determine the parameters.

All this is based not only on the stylistic direction of the room design, but also on the size of the doorway. If it is large, then it is better to do it. In other cases, you can give preference to one leaf of the door leaf.

It is also necessary to select equipment to make wooden doors. Their photos should not be looked for in a variety of sources. It is best to develop an individual design for the decoration of the door leaf.

Tools for making a wooden door

Do-it-yourself interior or entrance doors are made using:

• tape measure and simple ruler;
• square;
• milling machine for wood;
• electric planer;
• drills;
• grinder;
• hammer and chisels.

How to determine the dimensions of a wooden door?

Before starting the manufacturing process, you need to make a drawing of the door. It is based on parameters:

• doorway;
• future frame (loot);
• door leaf.

Initially, all parameters of the doorway are measured with a tape measure: height and width.

If it has irregularities, then it is better to take measurements along its entire perimeter. This will make it possible to make a door that will fit exactly into the opening.

You also need to determine the thickness of the loot. Its width will be the same as the width of the doorway. Collecting it will not be difficult. It is only necessary to cut boards of a certain size and fix them in the opening using self-tapping screws and dowels.

After such actions, the joints and chips of wood should be treated with putty.

Materials for making a wooden door

Do-it-yourself entrance doors are not so difficult to make. To do this, you will need to purchase quality prepared wood. Moreover, it must have the same thickness and length.

Making a simple wooden door

So, the doorway is initially measured. You need to make a loot in it. It is manufactured from the appropriate sizes. The whole structure is assembled on the floor. It is worth considering in the process of work that not all openings have perfectly even dimensions. It is for this reason that the loot is made taking into account the irregularities. And you can make it proportionally even, only the gaps that appear between it and the doorway can be repaired with polyurethane foam and plaster.

The corners of the loot are cut at 45 degrees. You can just put it together without any special cuts. Be sure to coat the joints with putty. Then you need to start making a simple wooden canvas.

A certain number of boards, which corresponds to the size of the doorway with the loot, is laid out on a flat surface (end-to-end). On top of them, other smaller boards are superimposed in a horizontal position. They are fixed on each of the boards with nails or wood screws. Such boards are mounted at the top and bottom. To make the whole structure more durable, another one is attached diagonally in the same way. The entire door, together with the loot, is varnished. To give the wood a different shade, it is opened with a stain and only then varnish is used. You can just paint the door.

After that, the hinges are cut into the door leaf and into the loot. A handle and a special lock are also screwed on. Then the door is installed.

This door will be an excellent option for arranging any utility room.

Making a complex wooden door

This process must be approached responsibly. Initially, solid wood boards are dried and processed with special antiseptic agents... They are glued together with a special glue and pressed on each side with certain devices. In order for the glue to dry and securely fasten all the structural elements, several days must pass. After that, you can start working on the design of the surface.

Initially, it is determined whether there will be a pattern on the door leaf. If so, then you need to execute it with a plane. Only then is the door surface processed grinding machine to brighten up all the bumps and give it a perfect plane.

Then the door leaf is painted or varnished. Only after that hinges are cut into it. Similar work is carried out on the lute of a wooden door. As a rule, this is how interior doors are made with their own hands. For the front door, wood is selected with a denser structure, and it is better to consult a professional before making it yourself. In addition to processing with modern antiseptic and protective agents, there are also other methods of influencing the structure of the material in order to increase its strength and reliability.

Door leaf decoration

One-piece door leaf can be with a flat surface. And you can make a variety of drawings on it. For this, the technology of cutting or embossing is used. Only all this is not done at home. For the original design of the door leaf, you can use wood carving.

Preliminarily, the desired pattern is applied to the surface of the canvas with a simple pencil. After that, it is cut out with a special tool. Then it is imperative to treat the surface with a grinder and only then cover it with varnish or paint.

The situation is completely different in the design of a translucent wooden door. Here it is necessary to cut openings for glass installation and prepare special shock-resistant glasses, which can be of various shades. They can only be inserted after the door has been installed.

The size of the loot can exactly match with But the door leaf should be a few millimeters smaller. This will make it possible to correctly install the hinges on the frame and then freely open and close the door.

Externally, paneled doors resemble a chocolate bar with slices of various shapes and sizes, but they look solid and aesthetically pleasing. Panels are individual elements that are inserted into the frame of the door leaf. Once upon a time, paneled doors were made exclusively from solid wood, and they were installed not only in wall openings, but also as doors on furniture cabinets. Today, there are a large number of combined models on the market, the inserts of which are made from a variety of modern materials.

What are panels for?

Interior doors are part of the interior, therefore, their appearance is scrupulous. But in addition to attractiveness, they must be reliable, comfortable and durable. All these parameters correspond to door blocks with paneled canvases, the design of which can be selected for many style solutions.

The structure of a paneled interior door consists of several separate parts that help to maintain the rigidity and geometric stability of the door leaf when the humidity or temperature regime in room. The secret lies in the fact that the panel does not have a rigid fastening with a strapping, and the dimensions of the fragments are somewhat smaller in comparison with the distance between the installation grooves.

Such a movable structure compensates for possible deformations of the materials of manufacture, as a result of which there are no distortions of the door leaf.

An important point is the fact that interior paneled doors are relatively lightweight. Moreover, their sound insulation has pretty good performance.

Paneled canvases look much more attractive than flat and milled sashes with an unpretentious pattern. Volumetric and curly inserts with exquisite lines are additionally decorated with:

• kalevki, which are shaped profiles;
• chamfers with artistically hewn edges.

Undoubtedly, the presence of panels on the door makes it more aesthetically pleasing and, despite the external massiveness, more elegant. And the possibility of performing various forms of panels and wide choose materials of manufacture provides a real chance for an exclusive, presentable model of an interior door to appear in the house. Moreover, modern technologies allow even inexpensive products to look decent.

Panel construction

The frame of the sash is most often made of solid wood or laminated veneer lumber. The side elements of the frame are fastened to the crossbars and midships using spikes or pins (chopiks), depending on the material of manufacture. The trim parts can have different widths and thicknesses, which should be sufficient to accommodate the panels.

Depending on the installation option and the material of the panels, the fragments are mounted into the finished frame in the workshop, or on site. They are fixed in two ways:

• the elements are alternately inserted into the grooves previously cut in the sidewalls, mullions and crossbars;
• inserts are fixed with decorative strips or glazing beads, like glasses in window frames. This option allows you to easily replace the panels in the canvas if any fragment is damaged or if the door design is updated.

For a paneled door, inserts are the main decoration. The most popular materials for their manufacture are:

• wood;
• MDF and HDF;
• glass;
• plastic;
• plywood;
• sandwich panels with cellular core.

In the latter case, it becomes possible to purchase a paneled door at a lower price if compared with wooden counterparts. But in the construction of the cheapest products, the inner space of the insert parts remains hollow. Models of paneled are quite common interior doors combining in one canvas inserts from different materials... For example, in the lower part of the sash there can be a blind panel made of wood or MDF, and in the upper part - glass or stained glass.

It is difficult to confuse a paneled door with any other model. The clearly visible frame-like cladding and thinner inserts are the ones characteristic features products that indicate its affiliation from a distance. It is interesting that the thickness of the volumetric (figurine) panels may well be greater than the corresponding size of the sheathing, but their edges remain thin. Otherwise, the inserts cannot be fixed in the frame.

There are so-called "Pressed paneled doors" on the market, but apart from the external imitation of the outlines of the inserts, they have nothing in common with real paneled doors.

The buyer should remember that low-quality door leaves appear only in case of deviation from the technology of manufacturing and assembly of paneled products, as well as when using low-grade materials. Over time, such products can simply crumble into separate elements.

Often, for paneled doors, products with a removable flashing grille installed on top of an insert that occupies the entire area of ​​the door leaf are taken. This type of doors has a completely different name and is only a stylization of panels, since a separate, independent fragment must be inserted into each cell.

In the manufacture of paneled doors, insert fragments are made:

• smooth, having a uniform thickness over the entire area;
• figarine, characterized by a convex middle part and thin edges;
• floating, made from blanks of the same thickness as the frame frame.

Single panels are installed in the interior doors, since they do not need additional insulation, although to improve sound insulation, double inserts are used, between which an air gap is left or a layer of sound-insulating material is laid.

Finishing of interior doors

Paneled doors provide two main finishing options:

• solid - with the same design for all elements;
• contrasting - with the deliberate highlighting of the panels due to color, texture or material.

The wooden surfaces of the canvases are treated with antiseptics and fire retardants, they are tinted and primed, and then painted. Wood boards are laminated or pasted over with veneer made of valuable tree species, and the glass is matted, decorated with sandblasting patterns or other available methods. There are many options, so the flight of imagination in finishing paneled doors is not limited.

Stained-glass windows look prestigious as a paneled insert in the interior door. An equally spectacular decorative painting applied on both sides of the glass will help to replace an expensive designer product. She is able to create a full-fledged imitation of a stained glass window.

Repair of paneled doors

Even the most reliable interior door may require repair at some point. But now we are not talking about the skewing of the canvases or the wear of the hinges. For paneled doors, one of the reasons for restoration is insert fragments, namely, their loosening, cracking or the need to replace for various reasons. And if you can try to strengthen the loose elements with glazing beads, and small cracks - to putty and paint over, then with the replacement of individual parts you will have to "conjure".

The repair process largely depends on the design of the door leaf, in particular, on the option of fixing the panels.

To replace the fragments inserted into the grooves of the frame frame, the sash will have to be removed from the hinges and disassembled. This should be done carefully, avoiding breakage of the connecting pins and destruction of the pins. Experts recommend using old pins set on glue for further frame assembly. New fasteners after shrinkage can lead to a violation of the strength characteristics of the frame. After replacing the panels, the canvas is reassembled.

If the inserts on the sash of the paneled door are fixed with glazing beads or decorative strips, then the elimination of defects is much easier. To do this, you do not even need to remove the sash from the hinges, but you will need:

• remove the fasteners from one side of the sash;
• pull out the panel to be replaced;
• insert a new element;
• nail or glue glazing beads, moldings or chamfers.

By the way, in terms of the material of manufacture and decoration, the installed fragments may well differ from the door trim, but only if they are all replaced. When changing only one panel, its appearance will need to be as close as possible to the rest of the door elements, so as not to violate the overall harmony.

Often people cannot choose a suitable door from the available assortment. Some people buy what they have, while others decide to do everything themselves. To make wooden doors with your own hands, you will need some special woodworking equipment, tools and, of course, it is better to have carpentry skills. But still, if everything is not available, then along the way you can improvise and achieve the necessary success. In addition, readers will learn how to select and dry the boards for the future door.

Door material

Usually, pine is used for the manufacture of wooden doors, less often spruce. It is bad to use it for products, because there are many branches in its wood, which significantly complicate the work. In addition, the fiber structure is heterogeneous and often delaminates. For these reasons, the optimal wood species to make wooden doors with your own hands is pine.

Choosing boards

To make the door beautiful and even, you need to carefully choose the boards. They must be flawless, not have large knots, and also so that the structure of the fibers itself is even. If blue is visible on the surface, this means that the storage technology has been violated and the material has begun to rot. It is better not to use such wood, because it will begin to rot in the future.

Drying purchased boards

In any case, in order to be completely confident in the material, it must be dried. Even if it looks ready for use, it is better to play it safe before making wooden doors with your own hands. Lay each plank on spacers that will prevent the wood from touching each other. This is necessary so that the moisture contained inside the fibers can escape freely. If this is not done, mold will form and ruin the material.

The place where the wood will be dried should be well ventilated and, preferably, the temperature should be above 25 ° C. This process takes from a month to two.

The tree can be dried faster by placing it in a special chamber for this. A temperature of no more than 50 ° C is created in it. If you make it higher, then the resin can flow out, and it holds the fibers together. To make wooden Entrance door it was strong with my own hands and served for a long time, there is no need to rush in this process.

The drying chamber can be made in a garage, a booth of the required size, or a car body. The boards are laid in the same way as when drying on outdoors, interspersing them with spacers.

Materials and tools for creating a door

• boards;
• insulation;
• glue - carpentry;
• roulette;
• level;
• plane;
• chisel;
• drill;
• milling cutter;
• self-tapping screws;
• loops;
• hammer;
• nails;
• sandpaper.

A good one with her own hands must qualitatively protect her home not only from intruders, but also from the cold, as well as noise. Therefore, one side is made absolutely even and pasted over with fiberboard, on which insulation is then put.

On the inside, we set the dimensions of the door itself. In addition, you need to decide on the gaps and the bottom clearance. When everything is ready, you can cut out a rectangle from a fiberboard sheet, which will exactly repeat the shape and size of the door. You should be especially careful about marking and cutting corners. They should all be 90 ° each.

So, we plan two boards, making them 5 cm thick and 11 cm wide.We will create wooden doors with our own hands for a standard box of 200 * 90 cm.To the canvas does not rub against the surface, and also opens and closes freely, its dimensions are needed a little cut. Therefore, the doors will be 192 * 82.

Before designing and assembling the door, you need to check the geometry of the frame so that its corners are clearly 90 °. For entrance doors, five panels are most often made. This solution allows them to be made from whole pieces of material. So, you need to trim two boards 192 cm long, and four 72 cm long, this is taking into account 5 cm studs on each side.

It is better to arrange the panels symmetrically, but if you want to achieve an asymmetric shape, you can fix them as needed, this will not affect the functionality of the structure. It is worth remembering about 5 cm grooves.

When everything is ready, the wooden front door is assembled with our own hands and everything is checked whether everything is smooth. At the same time, make sure that there are no cracks in the grooves, and at the same time the spike goes freely. If everything is fine, then the door is dismantled, and then assembled back, but with glue. Since this is an entrance door, the external environment will affect it. For this reason, better design additionally strengthen with dowels. They are 1 cm wide. Then we take a drill of the same diameter and drill holes for them at the joints. They must go through the spike. After that, the dowels are coated with glue and driven in.

When everything is dry, you can trim the joints and grind off the protruding parts of the dowels so that the surface is completely smooth.

Choosing the grooves

Now, to make a wooden door with your own hands, you have to work with a mill. We put on the so-called window cutter. She needs to choose the material half the thickness of the canvas, for installation in these grooves of the panels. The corners will turn out to be rounded, so they will need to be finished with a chisel.

We make panels

They are carved from solid pieces of wood, they must fit tightly into the grooves without cracks. One side of the panel is made flat, and on the other, you can even cut a pattern, everything is at the discretion of the master. Further, this part of the door is sanded for easier collection of all components of the leaf. The panels should be flush with the surface. It is impossible for any part of them to protrude, this can subsequently lead to deformation of the fiberboard sheet, with which the door will be upset.

When everything is in perfect position, you can fix the panels with self-tapping screws. They need to be screwed in at an angle from the side where the fiberboard will be. And, of course, not a single screw should come out on the front part. Therefore, their size must be carefully selected. Now it remains to nail a sheet of fiberboard and you can cover it with stain or varnish, whoever wants what. It describes in detail the manufacture of wooden doors with your own hands, step-by-step instructions.

Installing a wooden door

Initially, they decide how many hinges the door will be attached to. Then they carefully mark out so that everything fits together, and with the help of self-tapping screws, they fix the loops on the canvas and the box. Then to check how it opens and closes. If everything is done correctly, then, being fully open, the door will be in the same position as it was left. If there is the slightest bias, then it will open or close. Adjusting and installing wooden doors with your own hands can be a painstaking process, but it needs to be done perfectly, because it depends on it comfortable accommodation in the House.

Insulation of a wooden door

So that external noises do not bother, and the cold cannot pass through the canvas, it must be insulated. After all, if you cover only a wooden door with a protective layer, it will perform well its functions only in the warm season. And the sounds of the street will pass more. To improve the door, it is worth insulating it.

Markup

To insulate a wooden door with your own hands, you need to glue the half of it covered with fiberboard with foam rubber. This should be done in such a way as to leave one centimeter of space free from insulation along the entire edge of the canvas. Later we will nail external material onto it. In the event that the foam rubber nevertheless crawled out of the frame, it must be cut off with a sharp knife.

The material for the upholstery can be different, usually leatherette is chosen, less often fabric. To do everything efficiently, it is better to use the services of an assistant. So the insulation of a wooden door with your own hands will be much faster and, most importantly, better. It is necessary to fasten the material with the help of an area a centimeter wide, which we did not seal with foam rubber. When the end is fixed, the material is leveled, and then work continues. The tension should be even to avoid creases.

When one part is done, go to the opposite. To do this, one worker pulls the material, and the other fixes it with the same stapler. When the work is done, rollers must be nailed along the perimeter of the canvas, which will not allow cold air and extraneous sounds from the outside to enter the dwelling.

Making door rollers

Rolls are rolled from the material with which the door is upholstered; they should be about a centimeter in thickness. Then they are nailed along the edges of the door with construction nails.

It is better to buy more material for upholstery, because it will stretch over the foam rubber as well. And also you will need to make rollers from it, so you need to carefully calculate everything.

Now everything related to the question of how to make wooden doors with our own hands, drawings, diagrams and subtleties in work, we have considered. From the images it is easy to understand the whole principle of what parts the canvas consists of. It is not necessary to make the door of the same dimensions as in the drawings, because the openings and the frame are different. However, it will be much easier to create your project based on them.

Hinges

In order for the door to serve for a long time, you need to choose suitable hinges on which it will be attached. There are many types of them, but the most common are semi-hinged ones. Their design is simple, and if necessary, the owner can easily remove the door by lifting it up in the open position.

You can also hang the canvas using the hinge hinges. They are similar to the first ones, only the axis is twisted in them. Such a door cannot be simply lifted to remove.

The quality of the offered interior doors, which can be purchased in most hardware stores, cannot always satisfy buyers. They can be beautiful, attractive, but the strength and durability of these products leaves much to be desired. Therefore, many home craftsmen have no choice but to make interior doors with their own hands. Moreover, there are no big difficulties in this, if you select the material and follow a certain plan.

Materials for making canvas

Before starting work on self-production the interior door is required to prepare the material. In most cases, a tree is used for this purpose. The frame of the leaf, as well as the door frame, are made from it. In addition to wood, can be used:

• Styrofoam;
• Cardboard honeycomb;
• Glass;

Styrofoam and cardboard honeycombs are used as door leaf filler, it is not made of solid wood... These materials are lightweight, which is important for subsequent operation. In addition, the foam can reduce the noise level by making the canvas more sound absorbing.

The use of glass for the manufacture of interior doors is primarily due to the aesthetic side.... Such inserts visually expand the room, and also allow you to diversify the design of the room. Glass has one more property. It perfectly lets in daylight. Therefore, with glazed interior linens in the corridors of the apartment, it will be much lighter, even if the door is closed.

Fiberboard or its more advanced version of MDF is used as a cladding material... In the construction of the canvas, these materials are responsible for decorative trim future product. At the same time, MDF is a finishing element, but fiberboard will have to be additionally processed to give it an attractive appearance.

In addition to the listed materials, sheets of laminated chipboard can be used as cladding. The wide range of colors imitating natural wood makes this type of finish very popular. It should be noted that the use of chipboard will give the doors more rigidity in the diagonals.

As a fastening material, you can use PVA glue or confirmations. To cover the finished canvas, you will need varnish. If you need to add color, then the problem is solved thanks to stains and tinted varnishes.

Required tool

The next stage of preparation will be the preparation of the tool that will be needed to make an interior door. You must have at hand:

• Manual or electric plane;
• A hacksaw or electric jigsaw;
• A set of chisels and chisels;
• Manual electric router;
• Grinding machine;
• Miter box;
• Square and ruler;
• Hammer and mallet;
• Pencil and tape measure.

With such a set, you can safely start making any joinery. You should also prepare a vacuum cleaner in order to quickly remove not only sawdust, but also dust, which should not be on the surface of the product during paintwork.

Manufacturing and assembly

When the preparation ends, then the turn comes to the main work. You will need to follow these steps step by step:

• Take measurements;
• Process the material;
• Perform markup;
• Saw down and assemble the frame of the canvas;
• Install fittings.

In order for the work to proceed quickly, and the product turned out to be of high quality, it is worth preparing a drawing. Thanks to him, it is easy to markup and not to be mistaken with the configuration of the future door.

Measurement of the canvas

Work should start with measuring doorway... This operation will allow you to calculate the dimensions of the box and canvas, as well as to determine the configuration of the future product. If the opening does not exceed 80 cm, then one-leaf should be made door block... With a larger size, two canvases need to be made in order to reduce the load on the hinges and give a more attractive appearance to the entire product.

The resulting size must be reduced in height and width by 2 cm. This is required to create an assembly seam obtained between the frame of the box and the slope of the opening. Once installed, it is filled with polyurethane foam. Using the dimensions obtained, a drawing is drawn up, according to which you need to make an interior door.

A similar guideline should also include the dimensions of the door leaf. To calculate them, subtract the thickness of the box beam from the width and height of the opening in the place where the quarter will be selected. From the resulting size, it is necessary to subtract another 4 mm in width and from 4 to 12 mm in height. These values ​​correspond to the gap that must remain for the free rebate of the door leaf. This defines all the data for the drawing.

It should be noted that the box beam does not have to be made for the entire thickness of the wall. The remaining space can easily cover the extension installed after installation work.

Making door trim

As soon as the dimensional drawing is completely ready, you can proceed to the next stage of work. At this stage, the material should be processed and the frame of the door leaf should be prepared. To do this, use a plane.

For the frame, you can take edged board 40 x 100 mm. The ideal option would be to purchase planed material, which will facilitate the work and significantly speed it up. But you can also use just sawn boards. They will have to be processed with a plane to give smoothness. During planing, you should carefully monitor the corners of the bars. They must have a strict 90 degree angle. You can check the work using a square.

Next, the parts are marked according to the dimensions indicated in the drawing. On them you will need to saw off the blanks. If the parts are to be fixed with tenons, then all horizontal parts of the frame will be longer by the size of two tenons. For example, for bars 100 mm wide, a 70 mm long spike will be required for the connection. In this case, 140 mm should be added to the size of the workpiece, which means two spikes on both sides of the part.

During processing, it is necessary to select a groove or a quarter in the sides of the workpieces. This is necessary for installing glass or inserting panels, if solid wood was chosen as the option for making the door. This work can be done using a hand-held electric router. A milling cutter of the corresponding profile is inserted into the tool and the selection is made on the side indicated in the diagram.

Details for the door frame should contain a quarter, thanks to which the canvas can cover the opening. It is also done with a milling cutter, setting the depth and width of the sample. The quarter size should be based on the thickness of the door leaf. You need to add 1 mm to it for a better quality vestibule. The depth of the quarter must be at least 10 mm.

Pre-assembly of the canvas

When the frame parts are processed and the places for fasteners are filed down, a preliminary assembly of the interior door leaf can be done with your own hands. This operation will allow you to check the correctness of the markup and filing of all elements. Assemble the structure dry, which means without the use of glue. If the type of connection for confirmation was chosen, then they will just need to be made without performing a tight twist.

When all the parts are assembled and fastened, check the width and length of the door leaf. If deviations from the drawing are found, then it is necessary to adjust the parts. After finishing, the product is reassembled and inspected. If all parameters are met, you can proceed to the next stage.

Marking and execution of cuts

Separately, mention should be made of the marking of parts and the execution of cuts. This is a step-by-step process, where an error can result in reworking the entire product and damaged material. Therefore, all lines drawn with a pencil should only be drawn after checking the size. Yes, and the very markup before starting filing should be checked against the drawing.

When marking, you can add 1 mm for the fit. In this case, even with uneven sawing of the workpiece, it will be possible to painlessly fix it. If everything works out the first time, then the extra millimeter can simply be removed with a plane. To transfer the drawn line to the other side of the bar, you should take a square and attach it directly to this point. Since the part has an even angle of 90 degrees, the lines on all sides will exactly repeat the markings made at the very beginning.

If spikes and lugs are selected as the connection, then you will have to make a complete marking of these elements. The place for the nest should be located strictly in the center.... To calculate this data, you just need to divide the thickness of the bar by 2, and then mark the resulting number from any plane of the part. The size of the spike itself should be equal to 1/3 of the thickness of the workpiece. The nest may be half a millimeter narrower in width than the spike.

The eyelet should be carefully drilled out strictly according to the markings made, and then cleaned up with a chisel. It is impossible to protrude beyond the edges of the lines, otherwise the connection will be weakened, and the structure will turn out to be fragile. According to the instructions, it is necessary to accurately fit the spike connection, therefore, it is imperative to leave a half-millimeter stock.

Blade assembly and fittings insertion

When all connections are checked, and the dimensions exactly converge with those indicated in the drawing, the assembly of the door leaf begins. With a tenon connection, it is required to glue the plane of the tenons and the inner surface of the sockets with glue. After that, the parts are inserted into each other, followed by tamping with a mallet. If this procedure is performed with a hammer, then place a small piece of wood on the surface to be hit. In this way, damage to the assembled product can be avoided.

After assembling all the parts, there should be no gaps at the joints. If they are, then you should once again knock out this place. The ideal option would be to tighten the canvas with clamps. If they are absent, you can install a metal corner on the board, measure the width of the canvas from it, add 3-4 cm to this size and fix another corner. You need three boards on which the door fits. A wedge is inserted into the gap between the canvas bar and the corner and knocked out until the cracks disappear completely.

When the door is assembled, a cladding is attached to its surface. First, the sheets are cut to the size of the frame and then laid on it. Fastening is done with glue. Additionally, nails can be used. This operation must be carried out carefully and carefully so as not to damage the surface of the cladding, especially if it has a topcoat.

Before laying the second sheet on the back of the interior door, the filler is installed. To do this, the foam or cardboard honeycomb is cut to the size of the free internal space between the parts of the canvas. A snug fit will ensure the integrity of the future door. Next, the second cladding sheet is laid and the canvas gets a finished look.

In order for the door to open, hinges must be installed. They are located at a distance of 20 cm from the edges of the door. Marking is done with a finely sharpened pencil. The nest must be selected with a chisel strictly along the inner part of the line, without protruding beyond its limits. The hinges in the seats must sit without gaps... When the socket is ready and checked, the part is fastened using self-tapping screws or the screws included in the kit. Read more about this in the article "Installing hinges on the door".

Another element of the interior door is the handle. A lock is often inserted into it, which makes it possible to lock the room if necessary.

The center of the handle should be 1 meter from the floor... A through hole for the lock is drilled with a drill. The seat is also cleaned with a chisel. After the insert of the lock is completed, there should be no gaps. Read more about installing a handle in an interior door.

Installation of glass in the opening

If the interior door assumes the presence of glazing, then it is necessary to prepare a glass cutter and select the desired type of glass. This element is inserted into the quarter, which is selected around the entire inner perimeter of the door. The glass is cut 2 mm less than the size of its installation space.

If, after working with a glass cutter, the sheet has irregularities, they must be removed. You can use pliers for this. With a large residue (from 2 mm), another cutting line should be drawn. This will make it easier and better to remove the excess. When the procedure is completed, you need to sand the edges of the glass with sandpaper.

Next, the glass is installed in a quarter of the door. Fastening is done with a decorative layout, which is nailed down with small nails. This ensures the possibility of carrying out quick repair if the installed glass is damaged.

Interior door finishing

The assembled door, if it is not sheathed with laminated chipboard, needs to be carried out finishing works... They can be of the following types:

• Coloring;
• Toning;
• Lamination.

Depending on the type of finish chosen, appropriate operations are required.

Dyeing

Before painting the surface of the door leaf, it is necessary to prepare it. And the first thing to do is to completely grind. An electric sander is ideal for this purpose. The tape for it must be taken not too abrasive so that small scratches do not remain on the surface. Work is required in the direction of fiber growth. Perpendicular grinding is allowed only when it is necessary to level the surface and as a rough one.

If there are chips or dents on the door, they should be putty. The color of the putty needs to be matched to the shade of the wood from which the canvas is made... So, with subsequent painting, this place will not stand out against the general background. After applying the putty, let it dry and sand again.

Next, you need to clean the surface of dust and only then start painting. To apply the material, brushes, rollers or spray guns are used. The latter option allows you to get the job done quickly and with the lowest paint consumption. During painting, there should be no streaks on the surface. They need to be removed. To get a quality painted door, you need to apply two or three coats of paint.

Toning

Unlike painting, tinting doors involves the subsequent application of varnish. On the prepared surface, you need to apply a tinting material, which can serve as:

• Stain;
• Mordant;
• Acrylic paint.

Any of the material types will give the wood a new color, leaving the texture open. The stain is applied with a brush, roller or spray gun. If necessary, the procedure is repeated after the material has completely dried.

When the desired shade is reached, the canvas is varnished. To achieve a glossy finish, apply more than three coats. Moreover, each stage involves grinding with a fine emery belt. This will remove the raised lint and make the surface smooth.

Lamination

An alternative paints and varnishes is the use of films and veneers. The gluing of these materials is called lamination. For home production the best option there will be a cold way of gluing.

The surface of the interior door must be prepared in the same way as in the case of painting or tinting. The film or veneer is cut to the size of the door leaf, making an allowance of up to 3 cm. Further, starting from one edge, the material is glued. If a self-adhesive film is used, then the protective paper is gradually removed from it as it is glued to the surface of the door.

The veneer is applied to the glue with which the canvas is preliminarily lubricated. Smooth the material from the middle to the edges. This will make it easier to remove air trapped under it. If the bubble cannot be expelled, then it can be carefully pierced with a needle. This place must be pressed firmly so that the adhesive layer can connect the surface of the door and the veneer. Excess material around the edges is carefully trimmed with a knife.