What can you cook from squid: quick and tasty

If you are planning to replace or insert new windows, you need to study the installation process. It all depends on how you will install the windows: either with your own hands, or by attracting a third-party company. It takes about 4 hours to dismantle and install the structure, if you have no experience in this matter. For an employee of the company who does this often, such work will take no more than an hour. But installing tilt-and-turn windows on your own requires building skills.

Window system complete set

Before proceeding with the installation, you need to understand the nuances and details. First you need to find out all the names of the parts and materials. The main supporting part is the frame. In option plastic windows its production is carried out from plastic profile, which can be single-chamber, double-chamber, etc. A special insert is placed in the center of the structure to ensure rigidity. V plastic systems this insert is made of plastic, metal is used in metal-plastic ones.

The profile system is assembled from 2 or more cameras

In addition, the profile is divided into classes: premium, standard and economy. All profiles, which are manufactured in the factory, are subject to certain standards. If you want to opt for good tilt-and-turn windows, take the standard class. By color, white windows are most often found, but other colors can be used: wood-like, brown. Products from a colored profile will be more expensive than white.

Components of a plastic window

The construction of a plastic window includes the following details:

• frame - the main structural part;
• if you have a large window, most of the time it splits vertical partition, there may be several of them - it all depends on the choice of design;
• the part that is motionless is called deaf, and the part that opens is called a sash;
• double-glazed windows can be with different properties, for example, tinted, energy-saving, reinforced, using an inert gas. In addition, they are single-layer, two-layer, three-layer or multi-layer - there is a great choice;
• in order for the glasses to hold securely, they are pressed down with a glazing bead, which is a thin plastic strip. For tightness, a rubber seal is used, most often black;
• fittings are always used - this is a special set of swing-out mechanisms that help open and close the sashes and provide various functionality;
• in addition, seals are needed to ensure the tightness of the entire structure;
• on the inside of the frame, ventilated drainage holes are made, which are covered with caps. Moisture generated by the drop temperature regime on the street and inside the room, gets through them to the outside;
• another part of the structure is the ebb - it is mounted outside, and the window sill is installed from the inside;
• parts located on the side of the frame are finished with slopes.

Can I install the window myself

It is believed that installing windows in a house or apartment is a rather complicated procedure. It must be said that this is not so. What do you need to know when installing? To carry out these works, no special professional tools and equipment are needed, huge experience. The procedure includes two main points:

• dismantling the old window block;
• installation of a new window.

If we talk about the time required to complete the work, then the first stage will take about an hour and a half. Do-it-yourself window installation will take less than three hours. I must say that if, nevertheless, you decide to make a choice in favor of the services of specialists, then you should demand certain guarantees from them.

If you have installed the tilt-and-turn windows yourself, this voids your warranty. In this case, it is necessary to purchase designs directly from a manufacturer who has been working on the market for a long time and has good reviews from customers. If you decide to buy single-chamber or double-chamber windows in winter period then you can always count on a significant discount.

When a window is purchased from a company that carries out and assembly work, then the customer has a guarantee for the fittings of about 5 years. If you install it yourself, you can get a warranty directly from the manufacturer, that is, at the place of purchase.

In order for the installation of windows to be done brick house, cinder block, gas-block or apartment, you first need to make an order for a swing-out or blind structure from the manufacturer, and this requires accurate measurements.

Step-by-step instructions for correct measurement

When you place an order, you will be asked to indicate the following dimensions: width and height of the structure, width and length of the slope and window sill.

Before you start measuring, watch out for important point- what kind of opening do you have: with a quarter or without. Look carefully at the window opening: if the outer part is narrower, then there is a quarter opening in front of you. The measurement is made as follows: you need to measure the narrowest part, you will need to measure it in several places, find the smallest value, add 3 cm to it. The height is indicated as it is. If your opening is even, then the measurements are done as follows: after measuring the width, 3 cm is subtracted; having measured the height, minus 5 cm. Read the detailed article about.

To determine the size of the window sill, you need to add about 10 cm to the width of the opening inside the window. For the ebb, the same is done, only along the outer part of the window. Everyone chooses the width for the window sill for themselves: it is better if it protrudes slightly beyond the battery.

In addition, when placing an order, you need to decide from which components your structure will be made: what options for two-, three- or single-leaf windows you need, how they will open, on which side the wood grouse is located. Do not forget to decide on the type of fittings (handles, locks, ventilation mechanisms).

If you order several designs at the same time, then the width of all openings may be different, but the height must be the same, you must choose the smallest size. Please note that window openings can be located at different distances from the floor.... In apartments, from floor to window is approximately 80 cm, while on the balcony the windows may be from the floor. Accommodation in a private house can generally be anything at the discretion of the owners.

Features of measurements for glazing balconies

To determine the width glass structure, it is necessary to measure the length of that part of the balcony on which the balcony window will be installed, minus 7 cm on each side. This distance is required for the installation of the corner profile, to which the structures of the side elements of the balcony are attached. The height is calculated as the distance from the support to the roof on the balcony or on the loggia, while subtracting a tolerance of 3 cm for the gap.

How to correctly measure windows in a country house

To correctly measure the dimensions of the structure in a private house, knock out part of the slopes on both sides. Very often it turns out that the window opening is much larger than the window that is installed in it. This means that during dismantling, the structure will simultaneously extract part of the materials that filled the space.

Preparing for the installation of a window structure

After you take out the old window, you will need to inspect the resulting opening, remove all parts that may fall off or collapse, if there are protruding elements, they should be knocked down. Then clean the opening from construction debris and dust. In the presence of large depressions, it is better to cover them with cement. You can also treat everything with soil.

After finishing work with the opening, you need to prepare the PVC window, the installation of which is to be done. To do this, it is necessary to remove the sash of the window, if it is deaf - double-glazed windows. If your frame is small, then you can install it without removing the double-glazed windows and sashes.... The outer part of the frame should be freed from the film that protects it.

Installation Technology Guide

The finished plastic window is brought into the opening, placed on the support blocks and aligned horizontally. After that, using a level, the window is positioned vertically and fixed in this position with spacer blocks.

Installation of both fixed windows and with opening sashes is the same. There are two options for installing windows: with and without design cuts. When using the first option, holes are drilled through the frame through which anchor bolts are driven into the wall. This method is more complex and most reliable.

If the installation is carried out without unpacking the frame, the window is attached using special ones, which are attached to the profile, and then to the wall. This option is faster. However, it should be borne in mind that under significant wind loads, the frame structure may be skewed or it may sag. If the decision is made to mount on a plate, it is worth choosing thick, wide options. Please note that if the region in which you live is characterized by a strong wind load or the installation of windows at a height is to be done, then it is worth using the option with unscrewing the frame.

There are nuances for placing a window in the opening. If the walls are made of foam blocks, brick, cinder block, gas silicate or concrete, then the frame is placed 2/3 deep from internal thickness opening... If the walls are insulated with foam, then the fastening must be done up to the insulation layer. When insulating and facing with bricks, the window is installed in the insulation zone.

The installation sequence must be observed:

• having inserted the frame, set it to a level using support and spacer pads;
• then attached to the wall;
• after installing the structure, it is necessary to assemble the window;
• then you need to check the normal operation of the shutters and all mechanisms, for this open and close the window;
• after everything has been checked, the flaps must be tightly closed and the gap around the structure must be sealed. For this they are used.

However, it must be remembered that with direct contact with the sun's rays and the external environment, the material loses its properties and collapses. To protect it, it is necessary to create, it can be a special film that must be glued on the outside and inside of the window. After the foam dries, it is necessary to finish the slopes on both sides (external, internal) of the structure. You can open the window a day after blowing foam into the gap.

In order for the correct installation to be performed both on windows and, follow the simple rules:

• we mount the ebb from the outside into a special slot in the frame or attach to it with self-tapping screws;
• the window sill is installed as follows: it is necessary to cut it from the edges so that it fits in the width of the window opening and rests against the end of the support profile;
• the level is leveled with the help of special pads, after which the space under the windowsill is blown out with foam or filled with a solution.

According to the principle of the description above, windows are installed on a balcony or on a loggia, in brick or concrete walls... However, keep in mind that the entire weight of the window structure will be carried by the parapet, so you need to strengthen it.

Errors that can be made when installing windows

There are a number of points that you should pay attention to when installing a structure so that it has a long term of use:

• it is impossible to install the window with glazing beads outward, as this reduces the anti-burglar resistance of the structure, since the glazing bead can be easily pulled out and the glass unit can be removed;
• you need to carefully consider the alignment of structures in the level during the installation of the window, otherwise it will be difficult to open and close the sashes;
• it is imperative to protect the polyurethane foam from direct sunlight in order to avoid its destruction;
• the choice of fixing the frame structure only with mounting foam will be wrong: it is imperative to fix it to the wall, otherwise it may simply fall out.

Observing all the installation rules, you can successfully mount the window structure yourself, and if you turn to professionals for services, you can control their work at any stage.

Hello everyone, dear readers! Since we receive a lot of questions about the installation of windows, we decided to prepare an article about correct installation windows in accordance with GOST, so that you yourself can check the quality of work after the installation team. We hope you find this article helpful.

When we buy a window, we hope that it will serve us for many years. But over time, we notice that first it starts blowing out of it, and then frankly blowing. The slopes are covered with cracks, black fungus appears in the corners, and in winter flowers freeze on the windowsill.

As a rule, the whole point is in the wrong installation of the window. In this article we will talk about the existing installation technology. Let's dwell on the correct installation of the window and consider which materials are better to use.

The first step is to prepare the opening, clean it of dust and dirt. If the opening has irregularities, then they must be leveled with a putty.

The sash is removed first. This is done in the following way. It is necessary to open the window, remove the pin from the upper hinge and remove the sash. Then it is removed, glued at the junction with the frame with psul tape and installed back.

Preparing a balcony block for installation using the technology is similar to preparing a window. The joints of the frames, according to the technological requirements, are glued with psul tape and closed with a joining profile and glued again with tape. Then the frames are connected to each other using a docking profile.

Correct installation is the key to success

In accordance with the norms and requirements of GOST in white PVC windows, the distance between the fasteners should be no more than 700 mm. and 150-180 mm from inner corner frames. The drill diameter should be less than the screw diameter.

Holes are drilled in the frames for connection. Self-tapping screws are inserted into these holes and the frames are twisted. When fastening the structure with anchor dowels, holes are drilled in the frame in advance. According to GOST, the frame angle should be 150-180 mm. Between fasteners no more than 700 mm. Dowel holes are drilled from the outside of the frame.

Then the support blocks are placed under the frames. Backing pads can be made from hardwood or plastic. Next, the structure must be inserted into the opening and the frame must be fixed with pillows. Then you need to take a level and use it to align the window structure horizontally, using support blocks and pillows.

After horizontal alignment, the frame must be vertically aligned with the facade using the same level and cushions. From the outside, it is necessary to mark the place where the PSUL tape (vapor-permeable self-expanding sealing tape) will be glued. After marking, the frame is removed.

If you plan to finish slopes PVC panels, then it is necessary to click the starting profile for the slopes onto the frame.

Offset 5 mm. from the applied marks, a psul tape is glued to the outside of the frame. First to the top, then to the sides.

PSUL- pre-compressed sealing tape - used to connect a vapor-tight water-repellent layer on the outside of the assembly seam.

On the inside, to protect the assembly seam from moisture, it is necessary to glue a full-butyl vapor barrier inner tape and fix it in the corners. Then the structure must be put back into the opening and finally leveled using pillows and support pads.

After that, holes are drilled in the wall for dowels and vertical spacers are inserted on the sides of the frame and the window is fixed.

Once the window is secured, the sash can be hung. The next stage is insulation window seam polyurethane foam. For a good seal, it is best to use a professional foam gun with low secondary expansion. Moisten the opening with a spray bottle before applying the foam.

Shake the foam can thoroughly and fill the openings to 70% of their depth. Seams over 5 mm are filled with foam in several layers.

If the window is installed in winter, it is necessary to use frost-resistant materials and winter polyurethane foam. In 15-20 minutes after applying the foam, the inner tape must be closed. A metallized vapor barrier tape is installed under the windowsill. On the outside, under the ebb, an external diffusion vapor-permeable tape is installed. The window is installed.

Finishing the plastic window after installation

After the plastic window is installed, you can start the process of decorating it, i.e. installation of slopes and ebb tides.

End plates are put on the previously sawn-off ebb. To reduce the noise from the rain, it is recommended to stick a full butyl tape under the ebb. Then the ebb is attached to the frame using self-tapping screws.

The window sill is installed as follows. Under the window, special brackets are attached to the screws to simplify the installation of the window sill. The space under the future window sill is slightly foamed with polyurethane foam so that the window sill does not rise. After that, the window sill itself is inserted between the frame and the bracket. Again, with the help of a level and support blocks, the sill is horizontally aligned.

Note. When leveling the window sill, it is necessary to make a slope of 1-2 degrees towards the room. After installing the window sill, you can start decorating the window opening. For this, special PVC panels are taken that are attached to the initial profile with a clip. The platband is wound around the corner and fixed on the wall with self-tapping screws. From above it is covered with a decorative strip.

Do not forget to put on the end caps on the windowsill. The seams between the sloping panels, the end plates of the window sill and the ebb are sealed with a neutral silicone sealant.

Nowadays everyone more people gives its choice in favor of metal-plastic windows... Such double-glazed windows are used to equip and ordinary apartments, and country houses, and chic country mansions. And quite often people install new windows with their own hands. Depending on the chosen installation method and the skills of the installer, the process of installing one window will take from one and a half hours to half a day. The window installation technology is extremely simple and straightforward. It does not require the use of any complex tools. The main thing is to adhere to the installation order and comply with all the requirements that the installation technology dictates.

Necessary measurements before ordering plastic windows

Correct installation of new windows requires accurate measurement of the window opening. In addition, it is important to know the features of installing windows in openings with a quarter. Such window openings are usually found in aerated concrete buildings. They help to significantly reduce heat loss. The main difference is that a window with a length of 50 mm less than the length of the opening is installed in the opening without a quarter. Subtract 30 mm from the measured width. Along the contour of the opening, leave 15 mm gaps for foaming. In accordance with the current GOST, 20 mm should be left around the perimeter. Leave an additional 35 mm at the bottom under the sill.

If the installation of PVC windows will be carried out in a window opening with a quarter, measure at the narrowest place. When ordering, add 30 mm to the window width. The length does not need to be changed.

As a rule, the window is not installed in the center of the opening, but at a distance of about 1/3 inward from the outer plane. If the installation of PVC windows is done by hand, then the owner can shift the structure to any side convenient for him. Think about the offset in advance and take this parameter into account when ordering an ebb and a window sill.

Add 50 mm to the widths of the ebb and the window sill determined in accordance with the location of the window. When calculating the width of the window sill, consider additionally such an indicator as the location of the battery.

The sill should cover the radiator by half. Add 20 mm to insert the product under the PVC window base. The length margin must be at least 80 mm. But it is better not to save too much and add 150 mm, so that in the future you can beautifully cut the window sill without any problems. Along with the ebb and the window sill, you will be offered to order side plastic plugs. There is no need to give them up.

Back to the table of contents

Which way to attach the frame to choose?

Installation of PVC windows does not depend on the chamberness of the glass unit, or on the number of internal chambers in the profile. The order of installation of the product can only change taking into account the material of the walls and the size of the window. Suitable mount and method PVC mounting windows are selected in accordance with the listed parameters. To anchor the window structure, you can use:

1. Dowels or anchors that cut into the walls through the existing or previously prepared through holes in the profile.
2. Serrated plates. They are pressed into profile. The bullet is fastened to the wall and fixed with screws.

Practice shows that the first option is the most reliable. It is most often used when installing heavy and large windows... In the case of a through fastening, the window will normally withstand the multiple shock loads that inevitably occur when turning and folding window sashes. In addition, with the help of anchors, the installer gets the opportunity to adjust the horizontal and vertical of the product to be installed as accurately as possible.

Those who install windows with deaf double-glazed windows, i.e. without pivoting and flap sashes, installation using anchor plates will be more interesting. These products are hidden under the slopes, so appearance they will not spoil. If the walls of the house are made of bricks or concrete, then it is recommended to pre-prepare small indentations for the plates. They will eliminate the need to apply a leveling layer in front of the slope device.

Sometimes both methods are used in combination. Anchors are deepened into the walls through the lower profile and the side parts of the frame, and plates are used to fix the structure. If the windows are installed in a building made of wood, it is better to refuse the use of plates, because they loosen after a short time. In this case, galvanized self-tapping screws are more preferable.

Back to the table of contents

What does the owner of a wooden house need to know?

The process of installing PVC windows is very dependent on the material of the walls. In the case of brick and foam concrete structures, the differences are reduced only to the depth of the anchors. With openings from a bar and a log house, everything is a little more complicated.

If the walls of the house are made of wood, you need to remember the row important rules... First, proceed with the installation of PVC windows in wooden house recommended no earlier than a year, and even better 2 years after the completion of the construction of the house. This requirement is dictated by the fact that during this time the material shrinks. Glued laminated timber is characterized by the smallest size and shrinkage period. Secondly, the windows are not installed directly into the opening. The product can only be mounted in a wooden box. It will protect the PVC window from deformation. The block must be free from any defects, signs of insect and rot, etc. Before starting any work, the wood must be treated with an antiseptic.

After 1-2 years, shrinkage does not stop completely, but it is no longer as strong. After the installation of PVC windows and the completion of finishing work, it will also occur. That is why a gap of 30-70 mm must be left at the top between the box and the opening. The size of this gap is selected taking into account the type and humidity. building materials... After the installation is completed, this gap must be filled with jute and closed with platbands.

Building codes do not set any clear guidelines for materials for window sills and sills. As a rule, standard drips are used, which come with a PVC window. The window sill can be made of wood or polymer. The lower profile can be resting directly on the wooden sill, i.e. you can install this product, if desired, before installing the window. Or you may not get rid of the old window sill if it is well preserved.

Experienced builders give very useful advice, which is not in the regulatory documents, but it will be useful to any person who decides to perform self-assembly PVC windows. The wood is vapor permeable. If you do not take any action on this matter, these fumes will gradually deteriorate the properties of the polyurethane foam. And to prevent the foam from wetting, a polyethylene foam tape should be glued along the line of its application.

Back to the table of contents

Preparing the opening and window for installation

Before proceeding with further work, prepare the tools for installing PVC windows. You will need the following:

1. Screwdriver.
2. Foam gun and foam directly.
3. Level.
4. Electric jigsaw.
5. Perforator.
6. Hex key set.
7. Pencil.
8. Yardstick.
9. Stationery knife.

After you dismantle the old window, carefully clean the opening of paint and debris. If the walls of your house are made of wood, you will have to additionally shave off the top layer if the new window is mounted in a box that has already served for some time. A similar Preliminary processing provides a stronger adhesion of the foam to the top layer.

Builders recommend using foam to fill the gap only if the gap between the opening and the frame does not exceed 40 mm in size. If the slots are larger, it is better to partially fill them with foam, drywall and other available materials. For example, in a house made of a bar, you can use pieces of the same bar.

First you need to remove the sash from the frame. To do this, pull the pin out of the upper hinge. You can carefully pick it up with a screwdriver or pliers. Then remove the sash from the lower hinge. If the window is deaf, you need to remove the glass unit from it. First, the longitudinal glazing beads are taken, after them - the transverse ones. Glazing beads can be easily removed with a spatula or wide knife. It is enough to insert the auxiliary tool into the gap and begin to move it gradually. Be careful not to damage the glass.

If the window small size, you can insert it using the mounting plates without the need to first remove the double-glazed windows or sashes. If it is possible not to violate the integrity of the factory structure, then it is better not to do this. Take a sash or double-glazed window and lean the product against the wall at a slight angle, placing it on a flat horizontal surface, previously covered with thick cardboard or some kind of soft material.

Never lay double-glazed windows and sashes flat. It is also prohibited to put them skewed. Even the smallest pebble under the base can cause a crack in the product. Remove the protective film from the outside of the frame. Better to do it right away, because further this process will require much more effort.

Mark the locations for the fasteners. Builders recommend installing fasteners with a step of 40 cm. In accordance with the current GOST, the step should not exceed 70 cm. The standard indents from the impost and corners are 15 cm. If you are installing a PVC window using plates, attach them to the frame in advance. For this, self-tapping screws are used. Prepare holes for long screws or anchor bolts. Use a metal drill for this. Drill from the outside of the frame.

Most instructions indicate that fixation must be performed with PSUL protective tape prior to installation. However, practice shows that it is rather inconvenient to glue it before installation. Therefore, you can do this after the completion of the installation, nothing terrible will happen because of this.

With the emergence innovative technologies ordinary residents were able to equip their homes with great comfort, coziness and warmth. Plastic windows play a significant role in this process. We can finally get rid of wooden windows, which dry up in summer, dry out in winter, retain heat poorly and become sources of drafts.

A glass unit of a modern type does not have the listed disadvantages at all. It is durable, strong, safe for human body, has a beautiful and attractive appearance. PVC windows will delight you with their functionality for a long time, but with only one condition: the installation of double-glazed windows must be in accordance with GOST and the observance of all the nuances and rules of installation technology. How to install plastic windows correctly if you have never done this before?

Trying to do the installation of double-glazed windows with your own hands is quite problematic, especially if you live in multi-storey building... This will require the skill of a climber, which you will not have. Therefore, the easiest way out is to hire specialists. But even if workers come to you who deserve numerous good reviews who have recommendations, you should check if they set your window correctly. And for this you need to know the main points of the installation of plastic windows, which, for your part, you must control.

Window installation

The technology for installing a plastic window in accordance with GOST assumes step-by-step execution a number of measures and activities according to specified criteria, and in strict sequence each stage.

Installation of PVC windows in accordance with GOST begins with dismantling the old window: workers must completely remove it, clean the opening to the brick or concrete base of the frame. Further, the workers must prime the surface of the slopes into which the new frame will fit.

Please note that the installers use a primer when working, but not water. The primer will ensure good adhesion of the materials, which will then be used to seal the voids that have arisen.

How is the special tape attached to the PVC frame? The compressed compressed tape is attached around the perimeter frames from the outside. Its main purpose is to remove residual moisture that remains in the window opening. Such a device restrains the penetration of moisture in the opposite direction.

Then to the window frame attach the diffusion tape... As a rule, it is white in color, with a dense fabric structure on a rubber basis. It adheres well to openings in the wall, and also protects the seam from moisture.

After all tapes have been attached, the installers fix the anchor plates to the frame... Place them around the entire perimeter with a distance of 70 cm from each other.After that window block can be installed in a window opening.

Now the installation of a plastic window in accordance with GOST goes to another stage, including it fastening to the window opening.

Important! The glass unit should not be placed on concrete, but on wooden blocks that have been treated with an antiseptic compound. These pads help to adjust the clearances between the frame and the concrete slope. According to existing regulations, the gap should not exceed 2 cm.

When the anchor plates are attached to the wall opening, the resulting gap must be fill with polyurethane foam.

Foam is additional thermal insulation... It should fill all gaps and crevices to prevent excess moisture from entering. In addition, it is the polyurethane foam that helps to reduce noise. After filling the cracks with foam from the inside, the seams must be close with dense diffuse tape.

Before installing the window sill, workers should use metallized tape, which takes part in the thermal insulation of the bottom seam.

Remember! Professional installers should lay the protective tape over the outside of the window, that is, from the street. And the foam from the side of the facade should not be visible at all.

Sill mount

- it the final stage of installation of PVC windows.

Lay on a concrete base cement screed, which will help ensure the stability of the window sill. Only on this solution will it not sag and even will be able to support the weight of a person who wants to sit on a comfortable base.

Internal slopes are applied to the initial profile, and each subsequent step is carried out using measurements of the building level, which helps trace the level of inclination of the frame... If it exceeds the norm even a little, then the window will be bad both to open and close. Therefore, the construction crew must be closely monitored.

Installation of plastic windows in accordance with GOST 30971-2002 should be carried out in this sequence. And finally, we note that before letting the workers go and signing the work acceptance act, check the work of the window, open and close the flaps and check for correct operation in all directions.

In conclusion, we suggest watching a video of how the installation of a plastic window according to GOST should look like:

If you happened to install plastic windows, and the workers who served you performed the installation strictly according to the instructions and in accordance with GOST 30971-2002, leave your feedback in the comments.

When planning to replace old windows with new ones, many are wondering how difficult it is to install them on their own. The answer is work medium difficulty... In terms of time, replacing a medium-sized window with dismantling the old one takes about 3.5-4.5 hours. This is for a person with no experience. Employees of firms doing this all the time spend less than an hour on it. But the installation of plastic windows by the owner of the premises with his own hands cannot be compared with the hasty work of "professionals". They simplify the process to the point of indecency, arguing that prices have not been raised for 6 years and they have no time to waste time on trifles. If you are lucky enough to find really masters, then you can entrust them with the installation. If not, you better spend the weekend and install it yourself.

Construction of plastic windows

In order to properly understand the installation process, you need to have an idea of ​​\ u200b \ u200bthe construction of windows. Let's start with materials and titles. Plastic windows are made of polyvinyl chloride, which is abbreviated as PVC. Hence the second name - PVC windows.

The main element of any window is the frame. For plastic windows, the frame is made of a special multi-chamber profile. It is divided by partitions into a number of cells - chambers. The more of these cells, the warmer the window will be. When they talk about how many cameras there will be in a plastic window, they have the number of cells in the profile.

In the middle of the structure, in the largest chamber, an insert is visible of blue color... This is a reinforcing element of increased rigidity. It gives the profile the required strength. In plastic windows this insert is made of plastic, in metal-plastic windows it is made of metal (usually aluminum). That's the whole difference between them.

There is also a division of profiles into classes: economy, standard and premium. The best choice if you need normal windows is the standard class. In the economy class, partitions are too thin and they begin to freeze almost from the moment of installation. Premium has high price due to options that, in fact, are not needed.

If you want to have the best profile for plastic windows, take the class standard of any factory. The particular difference between products different firms no. They have been standardized for a long time and all the stories of managers about the benefits are fairy tales. If they are made on factory equipment, there is no difference between them: all factory profiles have been standardized for a long time.

Window profiles are standard White color, but can be brown - the color of any tree, and even pink - on request. Colored profile windows are more expensive than similar white ones.

Window structure

To understand what in question in the description of the installation process, you need to know the name of each component of the structure.

It consists of:

• Frames. This is the base of the window.
• If the window consists of several parts, the frame is divided into parts by an impost - a vertical component. If the window is of two parts, there is one impost, If of three - two, etc.
• The opening part of the window is called a sash, the fixed part is called a capercaillie. A double-glazed window is inserted into them - two, three or more glasses, hermetically fastened together. A foil tape is laid between the glasses, which ensures tightness. There are double-glazed windows with special properties: with reinforced glass, tinted and energy efficient, which, according to the manufacturers, reduces heat loss through the windows. There are also double-glazed windows, between the glasses of which an inert gas is pumped. It also reduces heat loss.
• Double-glazed windows are pressed against the frame with a cap - a thin plastic strip. The tightness of the connection is ensured by a rubber seal (it is usually black).
• Locking fittings are installed on the sashes. This is a specific set of mechanisms that provide opening and closing. They can be different, as they provide different functionality: opening, opening with ventilation, opening + ventilation + micro ventilation.
• To ensure tightness on all parts - frame, impost and sashes - rubber seals are installed.

At the bottom on the outside of the frame (the one that faces the street) there are drainage holes that are covered with special caps. Through them, condensation is discharged into the street, which forms inside due to the temperature difference between the street and the room.

The window also has an ebb - a board outside that removes precipitation and a window sill inside. Side and top parts from the street and premises. They can also be made of plastic or made using a different technology.

How to measure a plastic window

When ordering windows, you will be asked for six sizes: the height and width of the window, the length and width of the window sill and the slope. In order to measure everything correctly, it is necessary to determine whether you have made a window opening with a quarter or without.

Examine the opening. If the outer part of the window is narrower, the opening is a quarter. In this case, measurements are taken at the narrowest place: openings rarely have ideal geometry, therefore, you will have to measure at several points. Find the smallest value, add 3 cm to it. Transfer the height as it is.

If the opening is even, the calculation is different. Measure the width and height. Subtract 3 cm from the measured width, and 5 cm from the height. This will be the height and width of your window. We remove 3 cm in width, since a gap of at least 1.5 cm is required on both sides for the polyurethane foam. We subtract 5 cm in height, since the same 1.5 cm is needed from above, and 3.5 cm from the bottom will be spent on installing the window sill.

The length of the window sill and low tide is taken with a margin - 5-10 cm more than the width of the window opening. During installation, both the ebb and the window sill "sink" a little into the adjacent walls, and the excess will go there. The ebb tides are standard in width, so the closest larger one is chosen. On the windowsills, the situation is different. Its width is chosen arbitrarily - at the request of the owner. Someone likes wide ones - so that you can put something, someone prefers flush with the wall. So there are no rules.

When ordering, you will need to indicate how many and what parts will be in your window: whether or not the capercaillie is, where it is located, how many doors, which side they are, how they should open. You will need to indicate the type of fittings (ventilation, micro-ventilation).

Training

If you change windows, installing plastic windows with your own hands begins with dismantling the old one. Problems usually do not arise: breaking, not building. After dismantling, it is necessary to revise the opening: remove everything that can fall off. If there are any protruding parts, they must be removed - with a hammer, chisel or power tool. When the plane is aligned, you need to remove all construction garbage... Ideally - sweep everything, even dust, otherwise, during installation, the foam does not “grab” the wall.

If there are too large potholes or cavities, it is better to cover them up. cement mortar... The smoother the opening, the easier the installation will be. With a loose material of the walls, they can be treated with binders: penetrating adhesive primers.

How to Install: Choosing an Installation Method

There are two different techniques: with and without unpacking (disassembling) the window. When unpacking, holes are drilled through the frame, through them an anchor is driven into the wall. This method is more difficult, but the fastening is more reliable.

This is an anchor bolt installation. They are placed three pieces on each side.

When installed without unpacking, metal plates are attached to the frame from the outside, and then to the walls. This, of course, is faster, but the fastening is very unreliable: with significant wind loads, the frame will skew or it will sag.

If you really do not want to disassemble the window, you can also mount it on a plate, but use thick and wide rather than narrow and thin ones, which are still often used when installing a rafter system.

In principle, small windows mounted on mounting plates, provided there are no significant wind loads, can stand normally. If you live in a region with strong winds, and they blow mainly into your windows, if the apartment is located in a high-rise building on a high floor - in these cases, installation with unpacking is necessary.

Below you can see an emotional and easy-to-understand video, which explains why it is better to use an anchor.

Do-it-yourself installation of plastic windows: step-by-step instructions

Let's describe both methods: suddenly you need a method with mounting on plates. It is used in buildings made of foam blocks, the bearing capacity of which is low and the load from the windows has to be distributed over a large surface. This method of installing plastic windows is also necessary if the building is built using a "layered" technology. For example, there is concrete in front and behind, and a layer of insulation between them. If the window should stand exactly in a soft layer, then it will need to be fastened with plates. Installation of PVC windows in brick, cinder block, panel, etc. house is desirable for an anchor.

Installation with unpacking

Do-it-yourself installation of plastic windows begins with measurements. Measure the frame and window opening to make sure they are compatible. Then you can get to work. The process begins with disassembling (unpacking) the PVC window. Here are the steps:

1. 1. 1. 1. Remove the sash of the window:
            • Close the window (handle is turned down).
            • Remove the plastic covers on both hinges. They pry off with a screwdriver.
            • There is a pin on the top hinge that provides a movable connection. It is centered and protrudes slightly. Press on it until it drowns (you can take a metal plate, rest it on the pin and lightly tap on the plate). The pin will slide out from below. It can now be grasped with side cutters or pliers and pulled downwards to remove.
            • Holding the sash at the top, open the lock. To do this, put the handle in a horizontal position. By tilting the upper part towards you slightly, lift the sash, removing it from the lower pin.

            The entire sash is removed. To make it clearer, watch the video. It describes in detail how to remove and install the sash on a plastic window.
            

         2. On capercaillie, remove the double-glazed window. It is supported by glazing beads. They need to be removed, then the glass unit itself will be removed without problems. They remove the glazing beads like this:
            • Something narrow and strong is inserted into the gap between the glazing bead and the frame. If no special tool is available, it is best to use a small putty knife. Disassembly begins on one of the long sides.
            • The spatula is carefully driven into the slot with a corner and gradually pushed the glazing bead away from the frame.
            • Without taking out the tool, they move along a little, again pushing the glazing bead aside.
            • So they go along the entire length. As a result, the glazing bead is almost separated, it is simply taken out.
            • With the short side, everything is simpler: the released edge is pushed on and, by turning the spatula, is removed from the groove. Grab the free edge with your hand and pull up.

            Now you can try to remove the glass unit. Just be careful: it's heavy. If it does not work, remove another of the glazing beads. Just make sure that the window is inclined and the glass unit does not fall out. Now, if necessary, you can replace the glass unit yourself. Watch a video on how to remove glazing beads from PVC windows.

      1. The freed frame along the outer perimeter is pasted over with a special self-adhesive tape. Its installation is recommended by GOST. With her, the window is not so cold.

         

      2. Remove the campaign logo protective tape. If left, it will melt too much with the frame under the influence of the sun and it will be problematic to remove it.
      3. The prepared frame is inserted into the window opening. Mounting wedges are used to position it. They must be installed in the corners and under the impost. The rest are arranged as needed. By placing them, the window is set strictly level in three planes. Pre-fix the position of the window. This is where you can use the mounting plates.

         

      4. Take a drill and drill, which is the same size as the diameter of the anchors. Make holes for fasteners. 150-180 mm recede from the upper edge. This is the first hole. The bottom is about the same distance from the bottom corner. Between them in standard window install another anchor: maximum distance there should be no more than 700 mm between the two fasteners.
      5. Having made a hole, check if the frame has moved (level in all three planes), then hammer in the anchor and tighten it. You cannot drag: the profile should not bend. This operation is repeated as many times as necessary.

         

      6. Install ebb tides outside. To do this, first, a vapor-permeable waterproofing (it is self-adhesive) is glued to the outer part of the frame. Small grooves are made on the sides of the window opening, into which the edges of the ebb tides are then brought in.

         

      7. A layer of foam is applied to the part of the window opening from the outside, where the ebb will rest on the wall. Sometimes, if the height difference is large, a lining profile is installed here. and then olive is attached to it. The ebb, cut to size, is brought under the frame ledge and there is attached to the frame with self-tapping screws.

         

      8. On the lower edge, the ebb is also foaming.

         

      9. Next, the opening is foamed. When installing plastic windows in summer, the gap between the frame and the window opening is sprayed with water from a spray bottle. This is necessary for better foam polymerization.
      10. A vapor-permeable heat-insulating strip is glued along the frame contour - it is also recommended by GOST.
      11. Take a balloon with foam and fill the existing gaps by 2/3 of the volume. If the size of the gap is large - more than 2-3 cm - foam is applied in several stages. A time interval of 10-15 minutes is required between the two layers. When the first layer is partially dry, it is also sprayed with water and the second is applied. This is repeated until the volume is filled by 2/3.

          

          Foaming PVC windows during do-it-yourself installation can be carried out in several stages - it depends on the size of the gap

      12. Without waiting for complete polymerization, the free edge of the heat-insulating tape is glued to the window opening. Just note that when using the tape, the slopes will need to be made of plastic: the plaster and mortar do not "stick" to it.
      13. Collect all the pieces of the window. Remained only Finishing work, but they are not a hindrance to them.
      14. A vapor barrier tape is also installed under the windowsill in the lower part (also GOST recommendations). The window sill rests on support blocks made of hard grades of impregnated wood. The distance between them is 40-50 cm. They are made in such a way that the window sill is slightly inclined towards the room (about 5 °).

          

Watch the video on how to properly position the window sill when installing a plastic window. There are many secrets.

Slopes are installed or sealed last. On this occasion, another video.

Installation without unpacking

The main subtleties are described above, so this chapter is short. Installation of this option begins with the installation of the mounting plates. They are of two types: U-shaped and linear. It is important to choose the most reliable thick metal.

They are installed at the same distance as the anchor: 150-250 mm from the edge and no more than 700 mm between the middle ones. They are simply screwed to the profile with self-tapping screws.

Then the installation of plastic windows with your own hands with mounting plates is identical to that described above, starting from the moment the window is level in the opening. Only they do not attach the frame, but the plates and not to the anchor, but to the dowel-nails. Drill a hole, bend the plate, insert the dowel, putting the plate in place, twist the dowel. Further, all actions are identical.

Now it is clear why installers prefer them: a decent piece of work goes away with disassembly, anchoring, etc.: screws are much easier to tighten. True, if you take powerful plates, they will hold tight. No worse than an anchor. For example, such as in the video.